[First case report in Mexico of a diaphragmatic hernia, by Agustín Arellano in 1839]. / Hernia diafragmática. primer caso informado en México por el doctor Agustín Arellano en 1839.

Reports on partial lacking of the diaphragm and diaphragmatic hernia date to seventeenth century reports. In 1939 Arellano published in Mexico, a necropsy case of diaphragmatic hernia with holoprosencephaly and cyclocephaly. Agustín Arellano's was the the fifth or sixth report ever published worldwide and his manuscript was reported nine years before Bochdalek's publication. Before 1839, in the Americas, there is no other existing report describing this type of pathology, and we can safely assume Arellano's work was the first of its kind in the Western hemisphere. It is well known that, at the time, the quality ofscientific publications of this Mexican medical researcher could be compared to the level of any medical publication in the developed world. It is worth noting that the Journal were Arellano's work was published, named "Periodico de la Academia de Médicina de Mégico (sic), "founded and directed by Dr. Manuel Carpio in 1836, is the direct precursor of the present-day "Gaceta Médica de México" the oldest current medical journal in the Americas.

Hernia diafragmática: primer caso informado en México por el doctor Agustín Arellano en 1839 / First case report in Mexico of a diaphragmatic hernia, by Agustín Arellano in 1839

Desde mediados del siglo XVII, ya se habían informado casos de hernia diafragmática congénita por ausencia parcial del diafragma. La publicación de Agustín Arellano de 1839, en México, sería de las primeras ha informar sobre este tipo de fenómenos en el mundo, 9 años antes de la publicación de Bochdalek. Contando las referencias primeras de los siglos XVII, XVIII y XIX, la de Arellano ese posicionaría en el quinto o en el sexto lugar. No se han encontrado otras referencias de esta patología antes de 1839 en América entera. Si no se demuestra lo contrario, la publicación del doctor Arrellano sería la primera en América para este tipo de padecimiento. En esta época, la presencia de los investigadores mexicanos no iba a la zaga de los países más adelantados del mundo en el estudio de estos problemas. La holoprosencefalia que la acompaña es también uno de los primeros informes mundiales, el cuarto en línea de aparición. Recalcamos que la revista en donde se publicó, el Periódico de la Academia de Medicina de Mégico (sic), fundado y dirigido por el doctor Manuel Carpio en 1836, es la antecesora directa de de la actual Gaceta Médica de México, la revista de medicina en circulación más antigua de América.

Reports on partial lacking of the diaphragm and diaphragmatic hernia date to seventeenth century reports. In 1939 Arellano published in Mexico, a necropsy case of diaphragmatic hernia with holoprosencephaly and cyclocephaly. Agustín Arellano's was the the fifth or sixth report ever published worldwide and his manuscript was reported nine years before Bochdalek's publication. Before 1839, in the Americas, there is no other existing report describing this type of pathology, and we can safely assume Arellano's work was the first of its kind in the Western hemisphere. It is well known that, at the time, the quality ofscientific publications of this Mexican medical researcher could be compared to the level of any medical publication in the developed world. It is worth noting that the Journal were Arellano's work was published, named "Periodico de la Academia de Médicina de Mégico (sic)," founded and directed by Dr. Manuel Carpio in 1836, is the direct precursor of the present-day "Gaceta Médica de México" the oldest current medical journal in the Americas.

Holoprosencephaly in Mexico: first reported autopsy case by Dr. Agustín Arellano.

INTRODUCTION: Holoprosencephaly with cyclocephaly is an early disturbance of organogenesis and has been classified as a severe brain malformation starting in 1755 by Eller in Germany, then in 1822 by Etienne Geoffroy de Saint-Hilaire in France, and finally in 1828 by Tiedemann in Germany. In 1839, Dr. Arellano published in Mexico a necropsy case of holoprosencephaly. This was the fourth publication worldwide on this kind of pathological alteration. Furthermore, in reference to diaphragmatic herniation, Arellano's paper is the fourth world report, having appeared 9 years before Bochdalek's publication. We have not found any other report that appeared before 1839 in the Americas on this particular malformation, and we consider that Arellano's paper was the first of its kind on the American continent. CONCLUSION: As is well known, the publications of this Mexican medical researcher were, for his time, at the level of those of the most developed countries. It is also important to know that the medical journal where Arellano's work was published, the "Periódico de la Academia de Medicina de Mégico(sic)," founded and directed by Dr. Manuel Carpio in 1836, is the direct forerunner of the present Gaceta Médica de México, the oldest currently published journal in the Americas.