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1.
Psychiatry Res ; 284: 112797, 2020 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31982660

RESUMEN

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder which occurs after a traumatic event. The NR3C1 gene codes for the Glucocorticoid Receptor, which participate in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and is altered in PTSD patients. To evaluate whether the NR3C1 gene expression in peripheral blood could be useful as a diagnosis biomarker, a total of 32 PTSD patients and 59 healthy controls were analyzed with quantitative RT-PCR. Also, to assess if NR3C1 dysregulation is associated with hypocortisolism in PTSD patients, serum cortisol was quantified by ELISA in a subset of these samples. Significant NR3C1 over-expression was found in PTSD patients compared with controls, and this was higher in patients with acute PTSD. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of NR3C1 gene expression was 0.797. The sensibility and specificity of NRC1 gene expression to diagnose PTSD was 62.5% and 89.8%, respectively. We also found that an up-regulation of NR3C1 increased the risk for being diagnosed with PTSD (OR= 12.8, 95%, CI 4-41.4). Finally, the NR3C1 gene expression was inversely related with serum cortisol in PTSD patients. The present results suggest that NR3C1 gene expression could be a promising biomarker for PTSD diagnosis and estimate the risk for disease development.


Asunto(s)
Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/genética , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/diagnóstico , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/genética , Adulto , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/genética , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/fisiología , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/fisiología , Receptores de Glucocorticoides/biosíntesis , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Regulación hacia Arriba/fisiología
2.
J Fish Dis ; 39(7): 853-65, 2016 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26644318

RESUMEN

This study looks at how low infestation loads of adult Caligus rogercresseyi and other stressors affect the physiology of Salmo salar. Experimental fish groups were with (infested) or without (control) exposure to the parasite. The parasite cohort was followed for 78 days post-infestation (dpi), and only adult lice were observed. Additional stressors were applied at 60 and 75 dpi. The analysis included measurements of fish physiology and weight. Low-level infestations by adult C. rogercresseyi for more than 50 dpi induced moderate stress in S. salar as well as a high energy demand and increased small skin mucous cells. Threshold lice loads were identified, and above those loads, a high stress response was observed. Additional stressors altered fish physiology, inducing downregulation of the cortisol response after the first stressor and upregulation after the second stressor, but infested fish responded more strongly. Parasitism by C. rogercresseyi is energetically demanding, affecting the primary and secondary responses (e.g. cortisol and glucose levels), as well as the tertiary response (fish weight).


Asunto(s)
Copépodos/fisiología , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Peces/fisiopatología , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Salmo salar , Estrés Fisiológico , Animales , Peso Corporal , Regulación hacia Abajo , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/fisiopatología , Femenino , Enfermedades de los Peces/parasitología , Hidrocortisona/genética , Masculino , Densidad de Población , Distribución Aleatoria
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(1): 69-76, ene. 2015. ilus
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-742553

RESUMEN

Background: There is debate about the advantages of different protocols usefulness of tilt test for the diagnosis of vasovagal collapse. Aim: To compare the sensitivity, specificity, adverse reactions, complications and time requirements of two different Tilt test protocols. Material and Methods: A Tilt test using isoproterenol in progressive doses (2 μg for 10 min and 5 μg for 5 min posteriorly was performed in 159 patients aged 9 to 84 years (59 males). Another Tilt test using sublingual nitroglycerine in doses of 0.3 mg was performed in 201 patients aged 8 to 87 years (62 males). Also, 20 healthy volunteers were tested. Results: The positivity rates of the tests using isoproterenol and nitroglycerin were 75.5 and 77.6% respectively (NS). The figures for sensitivity were 98.4 and 99.3% (NS). The figures for specificity were 93.2 and 98.4% (NS). The test using isoproterenol requires 15 more minutes. As adverse reactions, 38% of participants experienced palpitations with isoproterenol and 22% experienced headache with nitroglycerin. Conclusions: The Tilt test with nitroglycerin is shorter, simpler, painless, with less personnel involved and has the same diagnostic accuracy than the test with isoproterenol.


Asunto(s)
Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/genética , Estudios de Asociación Genética , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Hidrocortisona , Vías Secretoras/genética , Depresión/etiología , Depresión/metabolismo , Depresión/fisiopatología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Genética de Población , Genotipo , Hidrocortisona/genética , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/metabolismo , Sistema Hipotálamo-Hipofisario/fisiopatología , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/metabolismo , Sistema Hipófiso-Suprarrenal/fisiopatología , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple/fisiología , Factores de Riesgo
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