Miasis furunculoide / Furunculoid myiasis

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Eating out of the hand, maggots--friend or foe?

The presence of maggots (fly larvae) in an open wound is a repelling sight to many and documented cases of myiasis in the literature are scant due to the rarity of such infestation in live patients. A unique case of such a presentation is elaborated in a patient who sustained a crush injury to the hand. This case serves to highlight the unique challenges faced in treating such injuries and to raise the profile of maggots and their untapped potential use in biodebridement and management of open wounds in modern day wound care practices.

[Cutaneous infections related to permanent tattooing]. / Complications infectieuses cutanées associées au tatouage permanent.

Decorative tattooing is made by introducing exogenous pigments and/or dyes into the dermis to permanently mark the body for decorative or other reasons. Unfortunately, this procedure is not harmless and various complications may occur including the potential inoculation of virulent microorganisms in the dermis. Cutaneous infections usually develop within days to weeks after the procedure and may include: pyogenic infections (staphylococcus, streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, etc.), but also atypical bacteria (commensal mycobacteria, tuberculosis, leprosy, etc.), viral infections (molluscum contagiosum, verruca vulgaris, herpes, etc.), and also fungal and parasitic infections. This review focuses on dermatological infections occurring on tattoos and their management.

Traumatic myiasis from Sarcophaga (Bercaeal cruentata Meigen, 1826 (Diptera, Sarcophagidae) in a hospital environment: reporting of a clinical case following polytrauma.

We present a case of cutaneous myiasis occurring in a hospital environment (nosocomial myiasis) in an patient with serious multiple traumas sustained in a motorcycle accident. The agent responsible for the myiasis was identified as Sarcophaga cruentata (Meigen 1826). The larvae found in the necrotic wound were removed and the necessary environmental measures were taken to avoid further infestation. Although nonocomial myiasis is a form of parasitosis already cited in the in literature, it is a rare event and worthy of attention to aid in identifying parasitosis in hospitalized subjects in order to expedite proper diagnosis and treatment.

Cutaneous myiasis.

UNLABELLED: Myiasis is the infestation of living tissue by the larvae of flies in the order Diptera. Cutaneous involvement is the most common type of myiasis. Cutaneous myiasis can be subdivided into furuncular, migratory, and wound myiasis. Each subtype is reviewed with discussion of the larvae involved, presenting signs and symptoms, clinical differential diagnoses, and treatment. Preventive measures are also described. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with the causal agents, clinical manifestations, and treatment of human cutaneous myiasis.

[Cutaneous myiasis by Sarcophaga sp]. / Miasis cutánea por Sarcophaga sp.

BACKGROUND: Myasis are due to the invasion of tissue or cavities of animal organism by dipterous larvae. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two cases of semi-specific myasis caused by Sarcophaga larvae are described. RESULTS: Case 1: A 77-year-old woman with Kaposi sarcoma in the left leg developed cutaneous radionecrosis secondary to radiotherapy. In June, 1998 five fly larvae were observed moving freeing within the wound. These were removed with forceps and local dressing of the wound was performed with povidone-iodine. Case 2: A 87-year-old man with moderate dementia, progressive immobilization syndrome prostasic neoplasm and gastric ulcer reported. In the posterior part of the right outer ear the presence of three fly larvae were observed with some dermic orifices made. The larvae were removed with forceps and local dressing was carried out with povidone-iodine. In the laboratory an adult form was obtained from one of the larva. CONCLUSIONS: Myasis in infrequent in Spain and appears particularly in people with some predisposing factor. Treatment consists in the elimination of the larvae in the infected tissue and disinfection of the wound.

Bacteriological investigations on wound myiasis of sheep caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).

The aim of the present investigation was to get further information about obligate aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacterial communities of the intact and Wohlfahrtia magnifica infested vulval region of sheep. The numbers of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic microorganisms were lower in samples taken from uninfested mucous membrane and myiatic wounds as well as in the wound fluid as compared to samples originating from the uninfested skin surface. Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae were isolated only from the skin and mucous membrane of uninfested sheep. Gram-positive microorganisms dominated in all samples. The ratio of facultatively anaerobic bacteria was higher than 80% in the sample taken from a lesion containing third instar Wohlfahrtia larvae and in the wound discharge collected from a vulval wound free of maggots. It is suggested that there is a shift in the composition of the bacterial communities of vulva as staphylococci disappear from the wounds due to the presence of Wohlfahrtia larvae.

The role of botfly myiasis due to Dermatobia hominis L.Jr. (Diptera:Cuterebridae) as a predisposing factor to New World screwworm myiasis (Cochliomyia hominivorax coquerel) (Diptera:Calliphoridae).

In the tropics, the botfly Dermatobia hominis and the NWS Cochliomyia hominivorax are the most important myiasis agents in cattle. It is frequently reported that furuncular lesions due to D. hominis are a predisposing cause for screwworm myiasis. Our results pointed out that only 5.2 to 7.4% of C. hominivorax gravid females oviposited in the offered furuncular lesions. Of 3242 eggs layed on botfly lesions (BFL), only 82 (2.5%) developed to second instar and died. In the flies tested, the furuncular lesions due to Dermatobia were used as food supply in 81.3% of the cases. In our opinion, the role of pH, the microflora associated with BFL, and the foruncular structure were the reasons for this lack of attraction. BFL do not serve as a predisposing factor for screwworm myiasis in the tropics.

[Nasal myiasis]. / Nasal myiasis.

Thirty fly maggots were retrieved from the nasal cavity of a 23-year old man who had one week previously received treatment for a nasal fracture. The larvae were identified as Calliphora erythrocephala. These are not a common cause of myiasis as they normally breed on carrion. In myiasis it is important to establish whether the larvae are invasive or not. A brief description of nasal myiasis is given.

Reconstruction of frontonasal region with postauricular flap and calvarial bone split graft. A case report.

An unusual case of delayed reconstruction of the frontonasal region is described. The versatility of the postauricular flap is emphasized along with the use of free parietal bone grafts.