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1.
Food Chem ; 448: 138959, 2024 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38552464

RESUMEN

This study aimed to investigate the interaction between L.casei and L.bulgaricus with Polygonatum sibiricum saponins (PSS) and to explore the co-microencapsulation to reduce their loss rate during storage and consumption. 1% PSS was added to the culture broth, and it was found that the growth and metabolism of the strains were accelerated, especially in the compound probiotic group, indicating that PSS has potential for prebiotics. LC-MS observed significant differences in the composition and content of saponins in PSS. The metabolomics results suggest that the addition of PSS resulted in significant changes in the metabolites of probiotics. In addition, it was found that the combination of probiotics and PSS may have stronger hypoglycemic ability (ɑ-glucosidase, HepG2). Finally, a co-microencapsulated delivery system was constructed using zein and isomaltooligosaccharide. This system can achieve more excellent resistance of probiotics and PSS in gastrointestinal fluids, effectively transporting both to the small intestine.


Asunto(s)
Composición de Medicamentos , Polygonatum , Probióticos , Saponinas , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/metabolismo , Saponinas/farmacología , Humanos , Probióticos/metabolismo , Probióticos/química , Polygonatum/química , Polygonatum/metabolismo , Prebióticos/análisis , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Lactobacillales/metabolismo , Lactobacillales/crecimiento & desarrollo , Lactobacillales/química
2.
Gut ; 72(12): 2272-2285, 2023 Nov 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37770127

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Gut microbiota is a key player in dictating immunotherapy response. We aimed to explore the immunomodulatory effect of probiotic Lactobacillus gallinarum and its role in improving anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) efficacy against colorectal cancer (CRC). DESIGN: The effects of L. gallinarum in anti-PD1 response were assessed in syngeneic mouse models and azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced CRC model. The change of immune landscape was identified by multicolour flow cytometry and validated by immunohistochemistry staining and in vitro functional assays. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to identify the functional metabolites. RESULTS: L. gallinarum significantly improved anti-PD1 efficacy in two syngeneic mouse models with different microsatellite instability (MSI) statuses (MSI-high for MC38, MSI-low for CT26). Such effect was confirmed in CRC tumourigenesis model. L. gallinarum synergised with anti-PD1 therapy by reducing Foxp3+ CD25+ regulatory T cell (Treg) intratumoural infiltration, and enhancing effector function of CD8+ T cells. L. gallinarum-derived indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA) was identified as the functional metabolite. Mechanistically, ICA inhibited indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) expression, therefore suppressing kynurenine (Kyn) production in tumours. ICA also competed with Kyn for binding site on aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and antagonised Kyn binding on CD4+ T cells, thereby inhibiting Treg differentiation in vitro. ICA phenocopied L. gallinarum effect and significantly improved anti-PD1 efficacy in vivo, which could be reversed by Kyn supplementation. CONCLUSION: L. gallinarum-derived ICA improved anti-PD1 efficacy in CRC through suppressing CD4+Treg differentiation and enhancing CD8+T cell function by modulating the IDO1/Kyn/AHR axis. L. gallinarum is a potential adjuvant to augment anti-PD1 efficacy against CRC.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Colorrectales , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico , Quinurenina , Lactobacillus , Animales , Ratones , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/tratamiento farmacológico , Quinurenina/metabolismo , Receptores de Hidrocarburo de Aril/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Hidrocarburo de Aril/metabolismo , Linfocitos T Reguladores , Lactobacillus/química , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor de Muerte Celular Programada 1/inmunología , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/farmacología , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Lisados Bacterianos/farmacología , Lisados Bacterianos/uso terapéutico
3.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 21130, 2021 10 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34702901

RESUMEN

The vagus nerve relays mood-altering signals originating in the gut lumen to the brain. In mice, an intact vagus is required to mediate the behavioural effects of both intraluminally applied selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and a strain of Lactobacillus with antidepressant-like activity. Similarly, the prodepressant effect of lipopolysaccharide is vagus nerve dependent. Single vagal fibres are broadly tuned to respond by excitation to both anti- and prodepressant agents, but it remains unclear how neural responses encode behaviour-specific information. Here we demonstrate using ex vivo experiments that for single vagal fibres within the mesenteric neurovascular bundle supplying the mouse small intestine, a unique neural firing pattern code is common to both chemical and bacterial vagus-dependent antidepressant luminal stimuli. This code is qualitatively and statistically discernible from that evoked by lipopolysaccharide, a non-vagus-dependent antidepressant or control non-antidepressant Lactobacillus strain and are not affected by sex status. We found that all vagus dependent antidepressants evoked a decrease in mean spike interval, increase in spike burst duration, decrease in gap duration between bursts and increase in intra-burst spike intervals. Our results offer a novel neuronal electrical perspective as one explanation for mechanisms of action of gut-derived vagal dependent antidepressants. We expect that our ex vivo individual vagal fibre recording model will improve the design and operation of new, extant electroceutical vagal stimulation devices currently used to treat major depression. Furthermore, use of this vagal antidepressant code should provide a valuable screening tool for novel potential oral antidepressant candidates in preclinical animal models.


Asunto(s)
Potenciales de Acción/efectos de los fármacos , Antidepresivos , Lactobacillus/química , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina , Nervio Vago/fisiopatología , Animales , Antidepresivos/química , Antidepresivos/farmacología , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/química , Inhibidores Selectivos de la Recaptación de Serotonina/farmacología
4.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 37(10): 173, 2021 Sep 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34519907

RESUMEN

It has been planned to minimize the yield and quality impairment of the seed corn, which is strategically important in the world, by pests under storage conditions with a biological product produced with a biotechnological approach. In this context, the present study aimed to control the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, known as a warehouse pest, using a nanoformulation. In the study, the chitinase enzyme from Lactobacillus coryniformis was purified first using ammonium sulfate precipitation and then by using the HiTrap Capto DEAE column, and the molecular mass of the purified enzyme was determined to be ~ 33 kDa, and the optimum pH and the values as pH 6.0 and 65-75 °C, respectively. Five different doses of nanoformulation (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/L) were applied to corn grains by the spraying method with three repetitions so that the insect can ingest the formulation through feeding. The effects of the applications on the death rate and mean time of death of Sitophilus zeamais were determined. According to these findings, it was concluded that the best practice was nanoformulation with 6 mg/L, considering both the mortality rate (100%) and the average death time (2.4 days). Chitinase from L. coryniformis is a promising candidate for corn lice control and management.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/farmacología , Quitinasas/química , Quitinasas/farmacología , Insecticidas/química , Insecticidas/farmacología , Lactobacillus/enzimología , Gorgojos/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/química , Enzimas Inmovilizadas/farmacología , Lactobacillus/química , Nanopartículas/química , Gorgojos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Óxido de Zinc/química
5.
Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun ; 77(Pt 8): 238-245, 2021 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34341189

RESUMEN

Adhesion to host surfaces for bacterial survival and colonization involves a variety of molecular mechanisms. Ligilactobacillus ruminis, a strict anaerobe and gut autochthonous (indigenous) commensal, relies on sortase-dependent pili (LrpCBA) for adherence to the intestinal inner walls, thereby withstanding luminal content flow. Here, the LrpCBA pilus is a promiscuous binder to gut collagen, fibronectin and epithelial cells. Structurally, the LrpCBA pilus displays a representative hetero-oligomeric arrangement and consists of three types of pilin subunit, each with its own location and function, i.e. tip LrpC for adhesion, basal LrpB for anchoring and backbone LrpA for length. To provide further structural insights into the assembly, anchoring and functional mechanisms of sortase-dependent pili, each of the L. ruminis pilus proteins was produced recombinantly for crystallization and X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystals of LrpC, LrpB, LrpA and truncated LrpA generated by limited proteolysis were obtained and diffracted to resolutions of 3.0, 1.5, 2.2 and 1.4 Å, respectively. Anomalous data were also collected from crystals of selenomethionine-substituted LrpC and an iodide derivative of truncated LrpA. Successful strategies for protein production, crystallization and derivatization are reported.


Asunto(s)
Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/genética , Difracción de Rayos X/métodos , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Cristalización , Cristalografía por Rayos X/métodos , Fimbrias Bacterianas/química , Fimbrias Bacterianas/genética
6.
Toxins (Basel) ; 13(7)2021 06 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34206488

RESUMEN

In the food industry, microbiological safety is a major concern. Mycotoxin patulin represents a potential health hazard, as it is heat-resistant and may develop at any stage during the food chain, especially in apple-based products, leading to severe effects on human health, poor quality products, and profit reductions. The target of the study was to identify and characterize an excellent adsorbent to remove patulin from apple juice efficiently and to assess its adsorption mechanism. To prevent juice fermentation and/or contamination, autoclaving was involved to inactivate bacteria before the adsorption process. The HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) outcome proved that all isolated strains from kefir grains could reduce patulin from apple juice. A high removal of 93% was found for juice having a 4.6 pH, 15° Brix, and patulin concentration of 100 µg/L by Lactobacillus kefiranofacien, named JKSP109, which was morphologically the smoothest and biggest of all isolates in terms of cell wall volume and surface area characterized by SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy). C=O, OH, C-H, and N-O were the main functional groups engaged in patulin adsorption indicated by FTIR (Fourier transform-infrared). E-nose (electronic nose) was performed to evaluate the aroma quality of the juices. PCA (Principal component analysis) results showed that no significant changes occurred between control and treated juice.


Asunto(s)
Kéfir/microbiología , Lactobacillus/química , Patulina/química , Adsorción , Nariz Electrónica , Contaminación de Alimentos/prevención & control , Jugos de Frutas y Vegetales , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Lactobacillus/ultraestructura , Malus , Viabilidad Microbiana , Odorantes
7.
Microbiologyopen ; 10(2): e1173, 2021 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33970542

RESUMEN

The healthy vaginal microbiota is dominated by Lactobacillus spp., which provide an important critical line of defense against pathogens, as well as giving beneficial effects to the host. We characterized L. gasseri 1A-TV, L. fermentum 18A-TV, and L. crispatus 35A-TV, from the vaginal microbiota of healthy premenopausal women, for their potential probiotic activities. The antimicrobial effects of the 3 strains and their combination against clinical urogenital bacteria were evaluated together with the activities of their metabolites produced by cell-free supernatants (CFSs). Their beneficial properties in terms of ability to interfere with vaginal pathogens (co-aggregation, adhesion to HeLa cells, biofilm formation) and antimicrobial activity mediated by CFSs were assessed against multidrug urogenital pathogens (S. agalactiae, E. coli, KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, E. faecium VRE, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, P. vulgaris, C. albicans, C. glabrata). The Lactobacilli tested exhibited an extraordinary ability to interfere and co-aggregate with urogenital pathogens, except for Candida spp., as well as to adhere to HeLa cells and to produce biofilm in the Lactobacillus combination. Lactobacillus CFSs and their combination revealed a strong bactericidal effect on the multidrug resistant indicator strains tested, except for E. faecium and E. faecalis. The antimicrobial activity was maintained after heat treatment but decreased after enzymatic treatment. All Lactobacilli showed lactic dehydrogenase activity and production of D- and L-lactic acid isomers on Lactobacillus CFSs, while only 1A-TV and 35A-TV released hydrogen peroxide and carried helveticin J and acidocin A bacteriocins. These results suggest that they can be employed as a new vaginal probiotic formulation and bio-therapeutic preparation against urogenital infections. Further, in vivo studies are needed to evaluate human health benefits in clinical situations.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Lactobacillus/química , Probióticos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Femenino , Humanos , Lactobacillus/genética , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Probióticos/química , Vagina/microbiología
8.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 96: 107757, 2021 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33991997

RESUMEN

Male reproductive dysfunction is one of the overlooked findings of diabetes mellitus (DM) that deserves greater scientific attention. This study is designed to explore the therapeutic potential of metformin and montelukast, in combination with Lactobacillus, for modulation of intestinal flora and suppression of oxidative stress in testicular and liver damage in diabetic male rats. A DM model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ)which caused functional, biochemical, and inflammatory injuries to the testicular and liver tissues. The experimental panel included nine rat groups: normal control, normal control plus metformin, normal control plus montelukast, DM control, DM plus montelukast, DM plus a combination of metformin and Lactobacillus, DM plus a combination of montelukast and Lactobacillus, and DM plus a combination of metformin and montelukast. In parallel, clinical evaluation of microscopic examination scoring, and hepatic and testicular injuries, were evaluated. Biochemical markers including glucose level, lipid profile, inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-α) and interleukin-17 (IL-17), Caspase-3, and Bax proteins expressions were measured. The change in the microbiota abundance was investigated using conventional and real-time PCR. The current study revealed a significant difference in the relative abundance of microbiota, where DM is associated with an enormous increase of Bacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., E. coli, and Fusobacterium spp., and a significant decrease in Bifidobacteria spp., and Lactobacillus spp., in contrast with normal control. Metformin and montelukast, in combination with Lactobacillus, significantly reversed the testicular and liver damage caused by STZ. Moreover, the drugs significantly reduced the oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic activities induced by STZ.


Asunto(s)
Acetatos/farmacología , Ciclopropanos/farmacología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/prevención & control , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/terapia , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Lactobacillus/química , Metformina/farmacología , Quinolinas/farmacología , Sulfuros/farmacología , Animales , Inductores del Citocromo P-450 CYP1A2/farmacología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/etiología , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/metabolismo , Complicaciones de la Diabetes/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/microbiología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Quimioterapia Combinada , Hipoglucemiantes/farmacología , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Inflamación/inmunología , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Masculino , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley
9.
Reproduction ; 161(6): 657-667, 2021 05 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33835045

RESUMEN

Preterm birth (PTB), defined as birth occurring before 37 weeks of pregnancy, affects 5-18% of pregnancies and is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although PTB is considered a syndrome, infection-induced inflammation accounts for up to 50% of all cases. Despite the effort to reduce the incidence of PTB, it continues to rise worldwide and current approaches for preventing or treating PTB are largely unsatisfactory. Probiotics are live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host. It is well known that probiotics can modulate the host immune system exerting a potent anti-inflammatory activity. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the capacity of the probiotic Lactobacillus kefiri (Lk48) to prevent preterm birth in mice. C57BL/6 female mice were treated with Lk48 or vehicle a week before and during pregnancy and were challenged with LPS (10 µg), a dose known to induce PTB on gestational day 16. Percentages of PTB as well as stillbirth were evaluated. We observed that oral administration of Lk48 significantly reduced the occurrence of LPS-induced PTB and stillbirth as well as improved post-natal development. This protective effect was associated with a reduction in leucocyte infiltration and reduced inflammation-induced damage in reproductive tissue. Besides, Lk48 treatment also modulated the diversity of vaginal microbiota. Our results demonstrated that prophylactic consumption of probiotic L. kefiri prevented LPS-induced PTB and still birth in mice and opens new avenues for exploring novel and promising strategies for preventing PTB in humans.


Asunto(s)
Endotoxinas/toxicidad , Lactobacillus/química , Nacimiento Prematuro/prevención & control , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Embarazo , Nacimiento Prematuro/inducido químicamente , Nacimiento Prematuro/patología , Mortinato
10.
Food Microbiol ; 97: 103739, 2021 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33653518

RESUMEN

The effect of bioprotective extracts (BEs) from Latilactobacillus curvatus CRL705 and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL641 against Latilactobacillus sakei CRL1407 was evaluated in a refrigerated meat model system under vacuum and aerobic conditions at 4 and 10 °C. As shown by culturing, the BE-1 from L. acidophilus completely inhibited the spoilage strain, while that from Lat. Curvatus CRL705 (BE-2) and its combination with BE-1 exerted a bacteriostatic effect. The antimicrobial activity and exopolysaccharide production correlated with the efficacy of inhibitory treatment while final pH decrease was higher in control samples. When flow cytometry was applied, a lack of correlation with plate counting was found; counts under the detection limit for BE-1 at 21 and 28 days at 4 and 10 °C represented between 64.15 and 73.70% of dead cells. Thus, the concurrence of lactic acid bacteria as biocontrol agents and the use of more accurate tools to prevent the growth of deteriorating species will contribute to the extension of fresh meat shelf-life without quality loss.


Asunto(s)
Conservantes de Alimentos/farmacología , Lactobacillaceae/efectos de los fármacos , Lactobacillus acidophilus/química , Lactobacillus/química , Carne/microbiología , Animales , Embalaje de Alimentos , Conservación de Alimentos/instrumentación , Conservación de Alimentos/métodos , Conservantes de Alimentos/química , Lactobacillaceae/crecimiento & desarrollo , Lactobacillaceae/metabolismo , Refrigeración , Vacio
11.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater ; 109(10): 1634-1643, 2021 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33634961

RESUMEN

The hypothesis was that probiotic Lactobacillus species (spp.) or their cell-free supernatant (CFS) are effective in inhibiting (a) planktonic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), (b) its adhesion to a Ti6Al4V-alloy surface, and (c) in dispersing biofilm once formed. (a) A planktonic co-culture containing PA(104 colony-forming unit [CFU]/ml) was combined with either Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), or Lactobacillus fermentum (LF) at a suspension of 104 (1:1) or 108 CFU/ml (1:2). Lactobacillus and PA CFUs were then quantified. (b) Ti-6Al-4V discs were inoculated with PA followed by supplementation with CFS and adherent PA quantified. (c) Biofilm covered discs were supplemented with Lactobacillus CFS and remaining PA activity quantified. Results showed that whole-cell cultures were ineffective in preventing PA growth; however, the addition of CFS resulted in a 99.99 ± 0.003% reduction in adherent PA in all Lactobacillus groups (p < .05 in all groups) with no viable PA growth measured in the LF and LP groups. Following PA biofilm formation, CFS resulted in a significant reduction in PA activity in all Lactobacillus groups (p ≤ .05 in all groups) with a 29.75 ± 15.98% increase measured in control samples. Supplementation with CFS demonstrated antiadhesive, antibiofilm, and toxic properties to PA.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Lactobacillus/química , Prótesis e Implantes , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Tensoactivos/química , Tensoactivos/farmacología , Aleaciones , Adhesión Bacteriana/efectos de los fármacos , Materiales Biocompatibles , Biopelículas , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Humanos , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/prevención & control , Titanio
12.
J Sci Food Agric ; 101(12): 5142-5153, 2021 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33608880

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Lead (Pb2+ ) is one of the most toxic heavy metals and can be found in various quantities in the environment. The five native probiotic bacteria and inulin were used to assess in vitro lead nitrate and lead acetate binding capacities, as well as removal potentials. RESULTS: The highest decrease in media pH was seen for samples containing a combination of Lactobacillus paracasei IRBC-M 10784, lead nitrate and inulin (5.30 ± 0.012). The presence of inulin in the environment accelerated decreases in the pH of all samples with no significance. In all groups, lead nitrate-containing samples included maximum pH decreases. From the highest to the lowest, the ability of lead removal was linked to Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC-1932 (88.48%), Bifidobacterium bifidum BIA-7 (85.32%), Bifidobacterium lactis BIA-6 (85.24%), Lactobacillus rhamnosus IBRC-M 10782 (83.18%) and L. paracasei IRBC-M 10784 (80.66%). Most species included the highest decrease in lead nitrate. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated that various functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxylic, carbonyl, amino and amide binds) on the bacterial cell wall were involved in lead ion binding during incubation. Principal component analysis of the FTIR results showed differences with respect to treated groups and control groups. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in the present study reveal that the simultaneous use of native probiotics and inulin can be an effective and safe approach for removing various toxic substances, especially Pb. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.


Asunto(s)
Bifidobacterium/metabolismo , Inulina/química , Lactobacillus/metabolismo , Plomo/metabolismo , Nitratos/metabolismo , Compuestos Organometálicos/metabolismo , Adsorción , Bifidobacterium/química , Biodegradación Ambiental , Pared Celular/química , Pared Celular/metabolismo , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Lactobacillus/química , Plomo/química , Nitratos/química , Compuestos Organometálicos/química , Probióticos/química , Probióticos/metabolismo
13.
ACS Appl Bio Mater ; 4(5): 3739-3748, 2021 05 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35006804

RESUMEN

During infection, inflammation is an important contributor to tissue regeneration and healing, but it may also negatively affect these processes should chronic overstimulation take place. Similar issues arise in chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases or celiac disease, which show increasing incidences worldwide. For these dispositions, probiotic microorganisms, including lactobacilli, are studied as an adjuvant therapy to counterbalance gut dysbiosis. However, not all who are affected can benefit from the probiotic treatment, as immunosuppressed or hospitalized patients can suffer from bacteremia or sepsis when living microorganisms are administered. A promising alternative is the treatment with bacteria-derived membrane vesicles that confer similar beneficial effects as the progenitor strains themselves. Membrane vesicles from lactobacilli have shown anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects, but it remains unclear whether the stimulation of probiotics induces vesicles that are more efficient. Here, the influence of culture conditions on the anti-inflammatory characteristics of Lactobacillus membrane vesicles was investigated. We reveal that the culture conditions of two Lactobacillus strains, namely, L. casei and L. plantarum, can be optimized to increase the anti-inflammatory effect of their vesicles. Five different cultivation conditions were tested, including pH manipulation, agitation rate, and oxygen supply, and the produced membrane vesicles were characterized physico-chemically regarding size, yield, and zeta potential. We furthermore analyzed the anti-inflammatory effect of the purified vesicles in macrophage inflammation models. Compared to standard cultivation conditions, vesicles obtained from L. casei cultured at pH 6.5 and agitation induced the strongest interleukin-10 release and tumor necrosis factor-α reduction. For L. plantarum, medium adjusted to pH 5 had the most pronounced effect on the anti-inflammatory activity of their vesicles. Our results reveal that the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotic vesicles may be potentiated by expanding different cultivation conditions for lactobacilli. This study creates an important base for the utilization of probiotic membrane vesicles to treat inflammation.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Materiales Biocompatibles/farmacología , Lactobacillus/química , Probióticos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Proteínas Bacterianas/química , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Citocinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Ensayo de Materiales , Tamaño de la Partícula , Probióticos/química , Células THP-1
14.
J Microbiol Immunol Infect ; 54(3): 447-456, 2021 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32102749

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate the antimicrobial ability and mechanism analysis of Lactobacillus species against carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). METHODS: Five Lactobacillus spp. strains and 18 CPE clinical isolates were collected. Their anti-CPE effects were assessed by agar well diffusion and broth microdilution assay, as well as time-kill test. Finally, the specific anti-CPE mechanism, especially for the effect of organic acids was determined using broth microdilution method. RESULTS: All of five Lactobacilli isolates displayed the potent activity against most CPE isolates with mean zones of inhibition ranging 10.2-21.1 mm. The anti-CPE activity was not affected by heating, catalase, and proteinase treatment. Under the concentration of 50% LUC0180 cell-free supernatant (CFS), lactic acid, and mix acid could totally inhibit the growth of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPE0011), and acetic acid could inhibit 67.8%. In contrast, succinic acid and citric acid could not inhibit the growth of CPE0011. While we decreased the concentration to 25%, only lactic acid and mix acid displayed 100% inhibition. In contrast, succinic acid, citric acid and acetic acid did not show any inhibitory effect. CONCLUSIONS: Lactobacillus strains exhibit potent anti-CPE activity, and lactic acid produced by Lactobacillus strains is the major antimicrobial mechanism.


Asunto(s)
Antibiosis , Enterobacteriaceae Resistentes a los Carbapenémicos/fisiología , Lactobacillus/fisiología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Enterobacteriaceae Resistentes a los Carbapenémicos/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Cítrico/farmacología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiología , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Klebsiella pneumoniae/efectos de los fármacos , Ácido Láctico/farmacología , Lactobacillus/química , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Ácido Succínico/farmacología
15.
J Immunoassay Immunochem ; 42(2): 106-120, 2021 Mar 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33078659

RESUMEN

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-associated, progressive, and common neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized by dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and dysbiosis in PD has been confirmed and probiotics also have the ability to regulate the mentioned mechanisms. Here, we assessed probiotics supplementation effects on experimental model of PD. Thirty Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups for a 14-day treatment. It was shown that a mixture of probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus fermentum could improve rotational behavior, cognitive function, lipid peroxidation, and neuronal damage in the group received probiotic supplementation compared to the other groups (P < 0001, P < .001, and P = .026, respectively). Taken together, these findings revealed that probiotics supplementation could be an appropriate complementary treatment for PD.


Asunto(s)
Bifidobacterium bifidum/química , Lactobacillus/química , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Probióticos/farmacología , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Cognición/efectos de los fármacos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/patología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Oxidopamina , Enfermedad de Parkinson/metabolismo , Enfermedad de Parkinson/patología , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Ratas , Ratas Wistar
16.
J Appl Microbiol ; 130(3): 755-768, 2021 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32749036

RESUMEN

AIM: Bacteriocins with antimicrobial activity are considered as potential natural bio-preservatives to control the growth of food spoilage bacteria. The aim of this work was to characterize a novel bacteriocin BM1029 discovered from Lactobacillus crustorum MN047 and evaluate its antibacterial mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bacteriocin BM1029 was purified by cation-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase chromatography. Antibacterial activity assay showed that BM1029 is antagonistic against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, it was found that BM1029 showed low haemolysis with high stability to the pretreatment with different temperatures, pH and surfactants. Moreover electron microscopy and flow cytometry suggested that BM1029 inhibit indicator strains by damaging the cell envelope integrity. Cell cycle assay suggested that BM1029 arrested cell cycle in R-phase. CONCLUSION: The novel bacteriocin BM1029 showed high bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through a cell envelope-associated mechanism. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Application of BM1029 inhibited the growth of indicator strains on beef meat storage at 4°C suggesting that this bacteriocin is promising to be used as a novel preservative in food processing and preservation.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacteriocinas/farmacología , Conservantes de Alimentos/farmacología , Animales , Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteriocinas/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Conservantes de Alimentos/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Grampositivas/efectos de los fármacos , Lactobacillus/química , Carne/microbiología
17.
J Dairy Sci ; 104(2): 1474-1483, 2021 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33246623

RESUMEN

There is an increasing demand for dairy products, but the presence of food-spoilage bacteria seriously affects the development of the dairy industry. Bacteriocins are considered to be a potential antibacterial or antibiofilm agent that can be applied as a preservative. In this study, bacteriocin BM173 was successfully expressed in the Escherichia coli expression system and purified by a 2-step method. Furthermore, it exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, high thermal stability (121°C, 20 min), and broad pH stability (pH 3-11). Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration values of BM173 against E. coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 were 14.8 µg/mL and 29.6 µg/mL, respectively. Growth and time-kill curves showed that BM173 exhibited antibacterial and bactericidal activity. The results of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy demonstrated that BM173 increased membrane permeability, facilitated pore formation, and even promoted cell lysis. The disruption of cell membrane integrity was further verified by propidium iodide uptake and lactic dehydrogenase release. In addition, BM173 exhibited high efficiency in inhibiting biofilm formation. Therefore, BM173 has promising potential as a preservative used in the dairy industry.


Asunto(s)
Bacteriocinas/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteriocinas/farmacología , Biopelículas/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/fisiología , Lactobacillus/química , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Permeabilidad de la Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Conservantes de Alimentos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana
18.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 53(1): 5, 2020 Nov 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33196903

RESUMEN

A study was conducted on broiler birds for 42 days to determine the effect of feeding azolla along with direct-fed microbial (DFM) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, biochemical parameters and carcass characteristics. A total of 360-day-old male broiler chicks were divided into 3 groups and 12 replicates with 10 chicks per replicate, according to complete randomized block design. One group was fed a diet containing 2.5% azolla (A) and another was fed a diet containing 2.5% azolla, with direct-fed microbial (A + DFM), viz. L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus, at the concentration of 13.4 × 108 and 1.52 × 108 CFU per mL, respectively, mixed in the daily quota of feed. The control group (CON) was fed a basal diet without azolla and DFM. Azolla fed alone and with DFM did not affect growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of birds during pre-starter and starter phase; however, significantly (P < 0.05) lower weight gain and higher FCR were observed during finisher period, resulting in an impaired overall FCR. Decreased (P < 0.05) plasma cholesterol and increased (P < 0.05) tibial calcium content were observed in birds fed azolla with DFM. The highest value (P < 0.05) of carcass characteristics like gizzard weight, breast muscle yield and lower meat pH were recorded in the birds fed azolla in combination with DFM, followed by birds fed azolla alone. In conclusion, azolla feeding at 2.5% level shows positive effect on breast muscle yield and gizzard weight of broiler which can be enhanced upon adding DFM to azolla-based diet.


Asunto(s)
Pollos/fisiología , Digestión , Helechos/química , Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus/química , Lactobacillus/química , Carne/análisis , Probióticos/farmacología , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Pollos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Dieta/veterinaria , Digestión/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Probióticos/química , Distribución Aleatoria
19.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 165(Pt A): 1250-1257, 2020 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33038393

RESUMEN

Fructan, inulin and levan, have been applied in many industrial fields because of their versatile properties and functions. Recently, microbial fructan has attracted much attention. In this study, a novel inulosucrase from Lactobacillus jensenii JV-V16 was constructed by truncating partial sequence. The truncated inulosucrase was overexpressed, purified and identified. The optimized pH and temperature for transfructosylation were pH 6.0 and 45 °C, respectively. The inulosucrase showed high thermostability and the half-life at 60 °C was 14.5 h. It also exhibited high transfructosylation capability, resulting in a high ratio of transfructosylation activity to hydrolysis activity. After optimizing the conditions of inulin production, 278.4 g/L inulin was obtained from 600 g/L sucrose with an approximately 46% conversion rate from sucrose to inulin. Additionally, acceptor reaction was attempted to explore the transfructosylation capability of the enzyme and some novel saccharides were detected, indicating the potential application in the synthesis of prebiotics.


Asunto(s)
Fructanos/química , Hexosiltransferasas/química , Inulina/química , Estabilidad de Enzimas , Hidrólisis , Lactobacillus/química , Lactobacillus/enzimología , Oligosacáridos/química , Prebióticos , Sacarosa/química , Temperatura
20.
Molecules ; 25(20)2020 Oct 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33066377

RESUMEN

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can synthesize antimicrobial compounds (AMCs) with nutritional and bioprotective properties in crops and food products. In the current study, AMCs of Lactobacillus coryniformis BCH-4 were evaluated to control fungal spoilage in maize grains. On maize grains treated with 75%-100% (v/v) concentrated AMCs, no fungal growth was observed even after 72 h of Aspergillus flavus inoculation. Proximate analysis of treatments A1 (raw grains), A2 (A. flavus inoculated grains) and A3 (A. flavus + AMCs inoculated grains) revealed that moisture was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) high in A2 than A3 and A1. Meanwhile, protein, fat, fiber and ash contents were significantly decreased in A2 compared to A1 and A3. Moreover, ß-carotene contents were not statistically different between A1 and A3, while in A2 it was significantly decreased. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of 2-oxopropanoic acid, 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, propanedioic acid and butanedioic acid, which also showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus. FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carbonyl and ester-groups along with organic and fatty acids, thereby indicating their participation in inhibitory action. Furthermore, the AMCs were found to be a good alternative to chemical preservatives, thereby not only preserving the nutritive qualities but increasing the shelf life as well.


Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Conservantes de Alimentos/farmacología , Lactobacillus/química , Zea mays/efectos de los fármacos , Antiinfecciosos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Peso Molecular , Semillas/efectos de los fármacos , Semillas/metabolismo , Semillas/microbiología , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Zea mays/metabolismo , Zea mays/microbiología , beta Caroteno/metabolismo
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