RESUMEN
Tubular aggregate myopathies comprise a rare group of disorders with characteristic pathological findings and heterogeneous phenotypes, including myasthenic syndrome. We describe a patient with tubular aggregate myopathy who presented with fatiguable weakness improving with pyridostigmine, respiratory involvement and possible cardiac manifestations. We highlight the utility of muscle biopsy in atypical myasthenic syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Debilidad Muscular/etiología , Debilidad Muscular/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , FenotipoRESUMEN
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFMs) are a group of rare genetic disorders that affect the function of skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle.MFM exhibits a considerable degree of clinical heterogeneity. In numerous instances of MFM, muscle weakness is the predominant manifestation. Certain MFM subtypes are distinguished by respiratory and cardiac impairment.There is little information available about anaesthetic management in MFM, and even less is known about obstetric anaesthesia.A successful case of a patient with MFM undergoing a caesarean section under combined neuraxial anaesthesia is reported. The patient experienced no complications, and functional recovery was swift.
Asunto(s)
Anestésicos , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Cesárea , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Debilidad Muscular , Músculo EsqueléticoRESUMEN
Introducción: La miopatía miotubular es una enfermedad muscular congénita causada por una mutación en el gen de la miotubularina (MTM1). La miopatía miotubular ligada al cromosoma X (XLMTM) afecta a los hombres con síntomas de aparición temprana como debilidad muscular, hipotonía y dificultad respiratoria. Hasta donde sabemos, la afectación cardíaca en estos pacientes no se ha descrito previamente, a diferencia de otros tipos de miopatías congénitas, como la miopatía nemalínica o la miopatía con cores. Casos clínicos: Presentamos dos casos clínicos de XLMTM que comenzaron con bradicardia sinusal grave o bloqueo auriculoventricular desde los primeros días de vida, con Holter patológico en ambos casos. Se descartó una afectación cardíaca primaria por estudios electrofisiológicos y se recuperó la frecuencia cardíaca normal con soporte respiratorio adecuado. Conclusión: Estos casos con bradicardia grave en una patología bien conocida, como la XLMTM, suponen un matiz en el diagnóstico diferencial habitual de las miopatías congénitas.(AU)
Introduction: Myotubular myopathy is a congenital muscle disease caused by a mutation in the myotubularin (MTM1) gene. The X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) affects males with early-onset symptoms such as muscle weakness, hypotonia, and respiratory distress. To our knowledge, cardiac involvement has not been previously described in this condition, in contrast to other types of congenital myopathies such as nemaline myopathy or core myopathy. Case reports: We report two clinical cases of XLMTM that started with severe sinus bradycardia or auriculoventricular block from the first days of life, with pathologic 24-hours Holter monitoring in both cases. A primary cardiac affection was excluded by electrophysiological studies and normal heart rate was recovered with proper respiratory support. Discussion: These cases with sever bradyarrhythmia in a well know pathology such the XLMTM represents a nuance on the usual differential diagnostics of congenital myopathies.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Recién Nacido , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Arritmias Cardíacas , Cromosoma X , Bradicardia , Enfermedades Neuromusculares , Pacientes Internos , Examen Físico , Neurología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso , PediatríaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Myotubular myopathy is a congenital muscle disease caused by a mutation in the myotubularin (MTM1) gene. The X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) affects males with early-onset symptoms such as muscle weakness, hypotonia, and respiratory distress. To our knowledge, cardiac involvement has not been previously described in this condition, in contrast to other types of congenital myopathies such as nemaline myopathy or core myopathy. CASE REPORTS: We report two clinical cases of XLMTM that started with severe sinus bradycardia or auriculoventricular block from the first days of life, with pathologic 24-hours Holter monitoring in both cases. A primary cardiac affection was excluded by electrophysiological studies and normal heart rate was recovered with proper respiratory support. DISCUSSION: These cases with sever bradyarrhythmia in a well know pathology such the XLMTM represents a nuance on the usual differential diagnostics of congenital myopathies.
TITLE: Arritmias en pacientes con miopatía miotubular ligada al cromosoma X.Introducción. La miopatía miotubular es una enfermedad muscular congénita causada por una mutación en el gen de la miotubularina (MTM1). La miopatía miotubular ligada al cromosoma X (XLMTM) afecta a los hombres con síntomas de aparición temprana como debilidad muscular, hipotonía y dificultad respiratoria. Hasta donde sabemos, la afectación cardíaca en estos pacientes no se ha descrito previamente, a diferencia de otros tipos de miopatías congénitas, como la miopatía nemalínica o la miopatía con cores. Casos clínicos. Presentamos dos casos clínicos de XLMTM que comenzaron con bradicardia sinusal grave o bloqueo auriculoventricular desde los primeros días de vida, con Holter patológico en ambos casos. Se descartó una afectación cardíaca primaria por estudios electrofisiológicos y se recuperó la frecuencia cardíaca normal con soporte respiratorio adecuado. Conclusión. Estos casos con bradicardia grave en una patología bien conocida, como la XLMTM, suponen un matiz en el diagnóstico diferencial habitual de las miopatías congénitas.
Asunto(s)
Miopatías Nemalínicas , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Masculino , Humanos , Mutación , Hipotonía Muscular , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , Arritmias Cardíacas , Músculo Esquelético/patologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Myofibrillar myopathy is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of muscle disorders characterized by myofibrillar degeneration. Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3)-related myopathy is the rarest form of myofibrillar myopathy. Patients with BAG3-related myopathy present with early-onset and progressive muscle weakness, rigid spine, respiratory insufficiency, and cardiomyopathy. Notably, the heterozygous mutation (Pro209Leu) in BAG3 is commonly associated with rapidly progressive cardiomyopathy in childhood. We describe a male patient with the BAG3 (Pro209Leu) mutation. The patient presented at age 7 years with muscle weakness predominantly in the proximal lower limbs. Histologic findings revealed a mixture of severe neurogenic and myogenic changes. His motor symptoms progressed rapidly in the next decade, becoming wheelchair-dependent by age 17 years; however, at the age of 19 years, cardiomyopathy was not evident. This study reports a case of BAG3-related myopathy without cardiac involvement and further confirmed the wide phenotypic spectrum of BAG3-related myopathy.
Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Debilidad Muscular , Mutación/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , FenotipoRESUMEN
Chylothorax has been reported in rare cases of X-linked myotubular myopathy, but the pathophysiology of this association is not fully understood. We report a case of a neonate presenting prenatally with hydrops and chylothorax. The patient died at 17 days of life due to respiratory failure secondary to severe pulmonary hypertension. Comprehensive genetic testing identified a de novo hemizygous frameshift mutation in the MTM1 gene (c.142-143del, p.Glu48Serfs*12) with subsequent autopsy confirming the diagnosis of X-linked myotubular myopathy. Lung microscopy demonstrated primary pulmonary lymphangiectasia as the cause for the massive chylothorax. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of molecularly confirmed X-linked myotubular myopathy with pulmonary lymphangiectasia with prenatal findings of hydrops, chylothorax and postnatal severe pulmonary hypertension.
Asunto(s)
Quilotórax , Hipertensión Pulmonar , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Quilotórax/complicaciones , Quilotórax/genética , Edema/complicaciones , Edema/genética , Femenino , Pruebas Genéticas , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/genética , Recién Nacido , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Embarazo , Proteínas Tirosina Fosfatasas no Receptoras/genéticaRESUMEN
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare, life-threatening congenital myopathy characterized by profound skeletal muscle weakness, respiratory distress, and motor dysfunction. However, pathology is not limited to muscle and can be associated with life-threatening hepatic peliosis. Hepatobiliary disease has been reported in up to 17% of XLMTM patients but has not been extensively characterized. We report on five XLMTM patients who experienced intrahepatic cholestasis in their disease natural history, illustrating the need to further investigate these manifestations. These patients shared presentations that included pruritus, hypertransaminemia, and hyperbilirubinemia with normal gamma-glutamyl transferase, following infection or vaccination. Three patients who had genetic testing showed no evidence of genetic mutations associated with familial cholestasis. In one patient, progression to cirrhotic, decompensated liver disease occurred. Further investigations into the molecular pathomechanism underpinning these clinical observations in XLMTM patients will be important for informing patient care.
Asunto(s)
Colestasis Intrahepática/etiología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Biopsia , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Lactante , MasculinoRESUMEN
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy characterized by profound hypotonia and poor respiratory effort at birth. The condition is associated with multiple morbidities including chronic respiratory insufficiency, feeding tube dependence, and rarely, vitamin K deficiency leading to bleeding and coagulopathy. We report a case of a 6-month-old boy with X-linked myotubular myopathy who experienced a fatal intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency without prior clinical evidence of cholestasis or micronutrient deficiency. We propose clinically non-apparent cholestasis in combination with acute illness and poor weight gain led to his vitamin K deficiency and intracranial hemorrhage. However, the etiology and mechanism of his cholestasis remains unclear. We conclude that children with X-linked myotubular myopathy, especially with gene therapy on the horizon, may benefit from routine hepatic, coagulation, and nutritional screening to prevent potentially catastrophic bleeding.
Asunto(s)
Hemorragias Intracraneales/etiología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Vitamina K/complicaciones , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Evaluación Nutricional , Estado NutricionalRESUMEN
Disorders of central and peripheral nervous system should be considered in floppy infants with ventilator dependence. Workup for neuromuscular disorders should be undertaken in infants with hypotonia, weakness, contractures, feeding difficulties, or failed attempts at extubation. We present the case of a preterm infant with hypotonia and ventilator dependence where despite a positive result, further investigations were undertaken because of lack of clinical correlation. The infant had a rare combination of 2 neuromuscular conditions: X-linked myotubular myopathy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. One was the reason for immediate clinical manifestation and the other influenced the prognosis and decision-making in determining reorientation of care. This case demonstrates the value of interpretation of a positive result that did not explain the clinical picture and warranted consideration of further diagnosis. This case also emphasizes the importance of discussions with family about the prognosis of 2 conditions that influenced decision making.
Asunto(s)
Recien Nacido Prematuro , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/complicaciones , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/diagnóstico , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Recien Nacido Prematuro/fisiología , Masculino , Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiac arrhythmias are sometimes encountered in patients with hereditary myopathies and muscular dystrophies. Description of arrhythmias in myopathies and muscular dystrophies is very important, because arrhythmias have a strong impact on the outcomes for these patients and are potentially treatable. CASE PRESENTATION: A girl with severe congenital RYR1-related myopathy exhibited atrial tachycardia and sinus node dysfunction during infancy. She was born after uncomplicated caesarian delivery. She showed no breathing, complete ophthalmoplegia, complete bulbar paralysis, complete facial muscle paralysis, and extreme floppiness. At 5 months old, she developed persistent tachycardia around 200-210 beats per minutes. Holter monitoring revealed ectopic atrial tachycardia during tachyarrhythmia and occasional sinus pauses with junctional escape beats. Propranolol effectively alleviated tachyarrhythmia but was discontinued due to increased frequency and duration of the sinus pauses that led to bradyarrhythmia. There was no evidence of structural heart diseases or heart failure. The arrhythmia gradually resolved spontaneously and at 11 months old, she showed complete sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS: Although supraventricular arrhythmia is sometimes encountered in congenital myopathies, this is the first report of cardiac arrhythmia requiring drug intervention in RYR1-associated myopathy.
Asunto(s)
Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Canal Liberador de Calcio Receptor de Rianodina/genética , Síndrome del Seno Enfermo/genética , Taquicardia Atrial Ectópica/genética , Taquicardia Supraventricular/genética , Electrocardiografía/métodos , Electrocardiografía Ambulatoria/métodos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Propranolol/uso terapéutico , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Síndrome del Seno Enfermo/complicaciones , Síndrome del Seno Enfermo/fisiopatología , Taquicardia Atrial Ectópica/complicaciones , Taquicardia Atrial Ectópica/diagnóstico , Taquicardia Atrial Ectópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Taquicardia Supraventricular/complicaciones , Taquicardia Supraventricular/fisiopatología , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Dinamina II/genética , Atrofia Muscular/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Músculos Paraespinales/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Atrofia Muscular/genética , Atrofia Muscular/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades Pulmonares , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas , Insuficiencia Respiratoria , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Pulmón/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Pulmonares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagen , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Respiración Artificial , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/etiología , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/terapiaRESUMEN
Although myopathies and neuromuscular junction disorders are typically distinct, their coexistence has been reported in several inherited and acquired conditions. Affected individuals have variable clinical phenotypes but typically display both a decrement on repetitive nerve stimulation and myopathic findings on muscle biopsy. Inherited causes include myopathies related to mutations in BIN1, DES, DNM2, GMPPB, MTM1, or PLEC and congenital myasthenic syndromes due to mutations in ALG2, ALG14, COL13A1, DOK7, DPAGT1, or GFPT1. Additionally, a decrement due to muscle fiber inexcitability is observed in certain myotonic disorders. The identification of a defect of neuromuscular transmission in an inherited myopathy may assist in establishing a molecular diagnosis and in selecting patients who would benefit from pharmacological correction of this defect. Acquired cases meanwhile stem from the co-occurrence of myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome with an immune-mediated myopathy, which may be due to paraneoplastic disorders or exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Asunto(s)
Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Musculares/fisiopatología , Síndromes Miasténicos Congénitos/fisiopatología , Unión Neuromuscular/fisiopatología , Cardiomiopatías/complicaciones , Cardiomiopatías/patología , Cardiomiopatías/fisiopatología , Electrodiagnóstico , Electromiografía , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Enfermedades Musculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Musculares/patología , Distrofias Musculares/complicaciones , Distrofias Musculares/patología , Distrofias Musculares/fisiopatología , Miastenia Gravis/complicaciones , Miastenia Gravis/patología , Miastenia Gravis/fisiopatología , Síndromes Miasténicos Congénitos/complicaciones , Síndromes Miasténicos Congénitos/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/fisiopatología , Trastornos Miotónicos/complicaciones , Trastornos Miotónicos/patología , Trastornos Miotónicos/fisiopatología , Conducción NerviosaAsunto(s)
Carboxiliasas/genética , Eccema/genética , Hipohidrosis/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Proteína ORAI1/genética , Biopsia , Preescolar , Análisis Mutacional de ADN , Dermoscopía , Eccema/patología , Humanos , Hipohidrosis/patología , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , Piel/diagnóstico por imagen , Piel/patología , Glándulas Sudoríparas/patologíaRESUMEN
FHL1-related myopathies are clinically heterogeneous, involving skeletal and cardiac muscles. Overlapping clinical features include joint contractures, rigid spine, scapuloperoneal weakness and cardiac diseases. Histopathologically, reducing bodies are the most characteristic finding, but not present in all FHL1-related cases. Non-specific dystrophic pathology without reducing body is usual in the forms of X-linked myopathy with postural muscle atrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and isolated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Here, we describe a patient with mild weakness with ankle contracture. We finally concluded he has a FHL1-related myopathy at an extreme end of phenotypic spectrum of FHL1 myopathy, which one might miss to recognize as a form of myopathy. The genetic variant was detected by whole exome sequencing, and its pathogenicity was clearly confirmed with pathological and biochemical studies. This is the first FHL1 case with a mildest phenotype backed by biochemical/genetic evidence. This report will help clinicians hesitating to further evaluate mild cases to better correlate the genotype to the phenotype.
Asunto(s)
Tobillo/patología , Contractura/genética , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/genética , Proteínas con Dominio LIM/genética , Proteínas Musculares/genética , Mutación/genética , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/genética , Contractura/complicaciones , Contractura/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Masculino , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
This report describes the autopsy case of a 4-year-old boy who died from hepatic hemorrhage and rupture caused by peliosis hepatis with X-linked myotubular myopathy. Peliosis hepatis is characterized by multiple blood-filled cavities of various sizes in the liver, which occurs in chronic wasting disease or with the use of specific drugs. X-linked myotubular myopathy is one of the most serious types of congenital myopathies, in which an affected male infant typically presents with severe hypotonia and respiratory distress immediately after birth. Although each disorder is rare, 12 cases of pediatric peliosis hepatis associated with X-linked myotubular myopathy have been reported, including our case. Peliosis hepatis should be considered as a cause of hepatic hemorrhage despite its low incidence, and it requires adequate gross and histological investigation for correct diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Autopsia , Patologia Forense , Hígado/patología , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , Peliosis Hepática/patología , Preescolar , Hemorragia/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemorragia/etiología , Hemorragia/patología , Humanos , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Hepatopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Hepatopatías/etiología , Hepatopatías/patología , Masculino , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico por imagen , Peliosis Hepática/complicaciones , Peliosis Hepática/diagnóstico por imagen , Rotura Espontánea/diagnóstico por imagen , Rotura Espontánea/etiología , Rotura Espontánea/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Stormorken syndrome is a rare genetic disorder (MIM 185070) first reported in 1983 with thrombocytopenia, muscle weakness, asplenia, and miosis caused by a mutation of the stromal interaction molecule 1 ( STIM1) gene.1 The muscle weakness is caused by a myopathy with tubular aggregate formation. We report a family in which both child and mother presented with proximal muscle weakness and thrombocytopenia. Histologic, histochemical, and electron microscopy studies were performed on the muscle specimen. It documented accumulation of tubular aggregates and chronic myopathic changes with dystrophic features. Genetic testing revealed that both mother and son carried a missense mutation of c.326A>G in exon 3 of the STIM1 gene, which is novel for Stormorken syndrome. We suggest that patients with unexplained chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenia and proximal weakness have genetic testing for Stormorken syndrome.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de las Plaquetas Sanguíneas/diagnóstico , Trastornos de las Plaquetas Sanguíneas/patología , Dislexia/diagnóstico , Dislexia/patología , Ictiosis/diagnóstico , Ictiosis/patología , Trastornos Migrañosos/diagnóstico , Trastornos Migrañosos/patología , Miosis/diagnóstico , Miosis/patología , Bazo/anomalías , Trastornos de las Plaquetas Sanguíneas/complicaciones , Preescolar , Dislexia/complicaciones , Eritrocitos Anormales/patología , Humanos , Ictiosis/complicaciones , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica , Trastornos Migrañosos/complicaciones , Miosis/complicaciones , Fatiga Muscular , Debilidad Muscular/etiología , Debilidad Muscular/patología , Mutación Missense , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/complicaciones , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/diagnóstico , Miopatías Estructurales Congénitas/patología , Bazo/patología , Trombocitopenia/etiología , Trombocitopenia/patologíaRESUMEN
La desproporción congénita del tipo de fibras (DCTF) es un raro tipo de miopatía caracterizado por debilidad muscular e hipotonía durante la infancia. Las características clínicas incluyen retraso motor, dificultades en la alimentación, debilidad de las extremidades, contracturas articulares y escoliosis. Se describe el tratamiento anestésico de una paciente de 3 años con miopatía DCTF asociada a mutación del gen TPM3, programada para realización de adenoamigdalectomía por presentar un síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS). Nuestras principales preocupaciones fueron la posible susceptibilidad a la hipertermia maligna, el riesgo de rabdomiólisis inducida por anestesia, una mayor sensibilidad a los relajantes musculares no despolarizantes y la presencia de SAHOS. La anestesia total intravenosa con propofol y el empleo de rocuronio/sugammadex parecen ser opciones seguras. Dado el alto riesgo de compromiso respiratorio y otras complicaciones, los pacientes deben controlarse estrechamente en el periodo postoperatorio
Congenital fibre type disproportion (CFTD) is a rare type of myopathy that is characterised by muscle weakness and hypotonia during childhood. Clinical features include motor delay, feeding difficulties, limb weakness, joint contractures, and scoliosis. A report is presented of the anaesthetic management of a 3-year-old girl with CFTD myopathy associated with a mutation of the TPM3 gene, scheduled for adenotonsillectomy because of obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS). The main concerns were the possible susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, the risk of anaesthesia-induced rhabdomyolysis, a greater sensitivity to non-depolarising muscle relaxants, and the presence of OSAHS. Total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol and the use of rocuronium/sugammadex appear to be safe options. Given the high risk of respiratory compromise and other complications, patients should be closely monitored in the post-operative period