Piezoelectric Surgery in the Inferior Alveolar Nerve Lateralization With Simultaneous Implant Placement: A Case Report.

The aim of this case report was to describe the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) lateralization technique using the piezoelectric device for the posterior rehabilitation of an atrophic mandible with implants. The patient presented the absence of elements 35 and 36 associated with a vertical defect impairing the adequate dental implant placement without IAN damage. A full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap was raised, and a bone window was made with a piezoelectric device centralized on the IAN canal position. After dissection, the IAN was moved buccally with a sterile elastic strip. Morse cone 4.0 × 1.5-mm implants were inserted while the IAN remained retracted. At the 4-month follow-up, the screw-retained prosthesis was installed guaranteeing the recovering masticatory function. In conclusion, the case report showed that the IAN lateralization performed with an adequate surgical technique can be successfully indicated for longer implant placement in edentulous atrophic posterior mandible with no permanent neural damage.

Revisión bibliográfica de la anatomía del nervio dentario inferior y su implicancia en la cirugía implantológica de los sectores posteriores mandibulares / A review of the literature on inferior alveolar nerve anatomy and its involvement with implant surgery of the posterior mandibular sectors

El nervio dentario inferior es una de las estructuras anatómicas más importantes a considerar previo a la colocación de implantes dentales en la mandíbula. La lesión de este nervio es una situación temida por los pacientes y los profesionales por la posibilidad de daño permanente en su conducción nerviosa. Es fundamental para todos los odontólogos que realicen maniobras quirúrgicas próximas a la entidad nerviosa, conocer ampliamente su recorrido, distribución y características normales, para prevenir la injuria del mismo y sus indeseables consecuencias. El objetivo de esta publicación es brindar información actualizada del conocimiento del nervio dentario inferior y su relación con la implantología oral...

Puede el paciente advertir cercanía al nervio dentario inferior bajo anestesia infiltrativa?: presentación de un caso clínico / Can the patient notice the proximity to mental nerve under local anesthesia?: report of a clinical case

Cuando se colocan implantes dentales en el sector posterior de la mandíbula, el profesional debe decidir si utilizar la técnica troncular o la infiltrativa. Algunos estudios afirmaron que bajo anestesia infiltrativa el paciente podría advertir al profesional a través de su dolor, la cercanía del fresado o la colocación del implante al nervio dentario inferior. En contra posición, el objetivo de esta presentación de un caso clínico es evidenciar a través de tomografías pre y post quirúrgicas,que bajo anestesia infiltrativa la paciente no refirió dolor a pesar que el implante fue colocado íntimamente en relación al conducto dentario inferior.

Puede el paciente advertir cercanía al nervio dentario inferior bajo anestesia infiltrativa?: presentación de un caso clínico / Can the patient notice the proximity to mental nerve under local anesthesia?: report of a clinical case

Cuando se colocan implantes dentales en el sector posterior de la mandíbula, el profesional debe decidir si utilizar la técnica troncular o la infiltrativa. Algunos estudios afirmaron que bajo anestesia infiltrativa el paciente podría advertir al profesional a través de su dolor, la cercanía del fresado o la colocación del implante al nervio dentario inferior. En contra posición, el objetivo de esta presentación de un caso clínico es evidenciar a través de tomografías pre y post quirúrgicas,que bajo anestesia infiltrativa la paciente no refirió dolor a pesar que el implante fue colocado íntimamente en relación al conducto dentario inferior.(AU)

Prospective clinical assessment of pulp sensitivity after chin bone harvesting.

PROPOSAL: Evaluate pulp vitality of mandibular teeth after chin bone harvesting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients underwent chin bone harvesting and accompanied for 12 months, being submitted to testing for pulp vitality with Endo Ice refrigerant spray to produce a local temperature of -50 °C. The statistical analysis was executed with McNemar test with P value < 0.05. RESULTS: Results show that canine teeth are most susceptible to alterations; 68.82% (181) of the teeth tested showed no loss of pulp sensitivity to cold 30 days after surgery (P < 0.05), and at the end of the study, that figure had risen to 100% (263) of all teeth included in the sample. CONCLUSIONS: Pulp vitality testing showed that 31.18% (82) of teeth experienced some loss of sensitivity, but by 12 months after surgery, all teeth had recuperated their pulp sensitivity to cold unaided.

Autonomic neural signals in bone: physiological implications for mandible and dental growth.

Signals derived from the autonomic nervous system exert potent effects on osteoclast and osteoblast function. A ubiquitous sympathetic and sensory innervation of all periosteal surfaces exists and its disruption affects bone remodeling. Several neuropeptides, neurohormones and neurotransmitters and their receptors are detectable in bone. Bone mineral content decreased in sympathetically denervated mandibular bone. When a mechanical stress was superimposed on mandibular bone by cutting out the lower incisors, an increase in bone density ensued providing the sympathetic innervation was intact. A lower eruption rate of sympathetically denervated incisors at the impeded eruption side, and a higher eruption rate of denervated incisors at the unimpeded side were also observed. A normal sympathetic neural activity appears to be a pre-requisite for maintaining a minimal normal unimpeded incisor eruption and for keeping the unimpeded eruption to attain abnormally high velocities under conditions of stimulated incisor growth. These and other results suggest that the sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in mandibular bone metabolism.

Prótesis total: protocolo de evaluación de la instalación / Complete dentures: protocol for install evalution

Durante el período de instalación y adaptación de la prótesis total el odontólogo debe tener en mente algunos factores a ser observados para que el paciente pueda recibir el tratamiento estético y funcional adecuado. Es de fundamental importancia seguir un orden de atención que lo facilite. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura y un protocolo de evaluación con el objetivo de auxiliar al cirujano dentista en el acto de la instalación y en los controles siguientes, hasta la adaptación y utilización de los aparatos protéticos (AU)

Prótesis total: protocolo de evaluación de la instalación / Complete dentures: protocol for install evalution

Durante el período de instalación y adaptación de la prótesis total el odontólogo debe tener en mente algunos factores a ser observados para que el paciente pueda recibir el tratamiento estético y funcional adecuado. Es de fundamental importancia seguir un orden de atención que lo facilite. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura y un protocolo de evaluación con el objetivo de auxiliar al cirujano dentista en el acto de la instalación y en los controles siguientes, hasta la adaptación y utilización de los aparatos protéticos

Structural and functional aspects of the fast electrosensory pathway in the electrosensory lateral line lobe of the pulse fish Gymnotus carapo.

The fast electrosensory pathway (FEP) of gymnotiform fish is mediated by tuberous electroreceptor organs innervated by ganglion cells that synapse with spherical cells of the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL). Spherical cells project to the magnocellular mesencephalic nucleus. The electrosensory environment was represented somatotopically within ELL. The mandibular (MN) and the supraorbital (SON) nerves projected to rostral ELL (occupying 19-28% and 4-10%, respectively), and the posterior branch of the anterior lateral line nerve (pALLN) projected to caudal ELL (occupying 56-64%). Labeling with horseradish peroxidase or biotinylated dextran-amine demonstrated three kinds of synaptic endings coupling primary afferents to spherical cells: multiple synaptic knobs, medium-sized calyxes, and very large calyxes. Multiple synaptic knobs arose from MN and SON primary afferents and were found in a narrow rostral area covering the centrolateral (CLS) and lateral (LS) segments of ELL. Medium and large calyxes, proceeding from the same nerves, predominated in the remaining parts of the three segments of ELL containing spherical cells. Calyx-type endings were also found in the LS-occupying regions in which the pALLNs projected. Calyx-type endings formed gap junctions but also contained vesicles and showed submembrane specializations typical of chemical synapses. The postsynaptic spherical cells were linked by dendrosomatic gap junctions and were also contacted by unlabeled en passant synaptic boutons, whose fine structure suggested chemical transmission. Electrophysiological studies indicated that spherical cell responsiveness diminished after electrosensory stimulation. This apparently inhibitory phenomenon may be subserved by the unlabeled synaptic boutons, which possibly originate from interneurons that have yet to be identified.