RESUMEN
In this study, edible bird's nest (EBN) was proven to be a suitable source of bioactive peptides via enzymatic hydrolysis. The ultrafiltration component of the EBN peptides (EBNPs, Mw < 3 000 Da) could be responsible for moderate moisture retention and filaggrin synthesis. It was found that EBNP had a great capacity to protect HaCaT keratinocytes from DNA damage caused by UVB-irradiation and enhance wound healing by increasing the migratory and proliferative potential of cells. Furthermore, the external application of EBNP could effectively repair high glycolic acid concentration-induced skin burns in mice. A total of 1 188 peptides, predominantly the hydrophobic amino acids (e.g., Leu, Val, Tyr, Phe), were identified in the EBNP by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Molecular docking showed that hydrophobic tripeptides from EBNP had a good binding affinity to proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter PepT1. Our data indicated that the hydrophobic amino acid-rich EBNP plays an important role in skin wound healing.
Asunto(s)
Aves , Proteínas Filagrina , Péptidos , Hidrolisados de Proteína , Piel , Cicatrización de Heridas , Animales , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química , Hidrolisados de Proteína/metabolismo , Ratones , Piel/química , Piel/metabolismo , Humanos , Péptidos/química , Péptidos/metabolismo , Aves/metabolismo , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Queratinocitos/metabolismo , Queratinocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Masculino , Proteínas Aviares/química , Proteínas Aviares/metabolismo , Transporte Biológico , Células HaCaT , Absorción CutáneaRESUMEN
This study investigated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides from Edible Bird's Nest (EBN). The prepared EBN peptides were sequentially separated, purified, and successively identified by ultrafiltration, gel filtration and mass spectrometry techniques. Four potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory peptides were identified as Peptide 1 (LFWSPSVYLK), Peptide 2 (GWPHLEDNYLDW), Peptide 3 (NPPADLHK) and Peptide 4 (GDLAYLDQGHR). Molecular docking analysis revealed that Peptide 1 and Peptide 2 can competitively interrupt the formation of Keap1-Nrf2 due to the presence of hydrophobic and antioxidant amino acids in their peptide sequences. Peptide 3 and Peptide 4 have a strong effect on interacting with the binding site of IKK-ß due to the interaction of anti-inflammatory amino acids and C-terminal arginine/lysine. The four peptides were synthesised and validated for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The results suggest that the four peptides may serve as promising bioactive peptides for preventing oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios , Antioxidantes , Aves , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Péptidos , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Péptidos/química , Péptidos/aislamiento & purificación , Péptidos/farmacología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Humanos , Proteínas Aviares/química , Proteínas Aviares/aislamiento & purificación , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
It is still a puzzle that has not been entirely solved how migratory birds utilize the Earth's magnetic field for biannual migration. The most consistent explanation thus far is rooted in the modulation of the biological function of the cryptochrome 4 (Cry4) protein by an external magnetic field. This phenomenon is closely linked with the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor that is noncovalently bound in the protein. Cry4 is activated by blue light, which is absorbed by the FAD cofactor. Subsequent electron and proton transfers trigger radical pair formation in the protein, which is sensitive to the external magnetic field. An important long-lasting redox state of the FAD cofactor is the signaling (FADHâ¢) state, which is present after the transient electron transfer steps have been completed. Recent experimental efforts succeeded in crystallizing the Cry4 protein from Columbia livia (ClCry4) with all of the important residues needed for protein photoreduction. This specific crystallization of Cry4 protein so far is the only avian cryptochrome crystal structure available, which, however, has great similarity to the Cry4 proteins of night migratory birds. The previous experimental studies of the ClCry4 protein included the absorption properties of the protein in its different redox states. The absorption spectrum of the FADH⢠state demonstrated a peculiar red shift compared to the photoabsorption properties of the FAD cofactor in its FADH⢠state in other Cry proteins from other species. The aim of this study is to understand this red shift by employing the tools of computational microscopy and, in particular, a QM/MM approach that relies on the polarizable embedding approximation.
Asunto(s)
Criptocromos , Flavina-Adenina Dinucleótido , Criptocromos/química , Criptocromos/metabolismo , Flavina-Adenina Dinucleótido/química , Flavina-Adenina Dinucleótido/metabolismo , Animales , Proteínas Aviares/química , Proteínas Aviares/metabolismo , Oxidación-ReducciónRESUMEN
LIM domain binding 3 (LDB3) serves as a striated muscle-specific Z-band alternatively spliced protein that plays an important role in mammalian skeletal muscle development, but its regulatory role and molecular mechanism in avian muscle development are still unclear. In this study, we reanalyzed RNA sequencing data sets of 1415 samples from 21 chicken tissues published in the NCBI GEO database. First, three variants (LDB3-X, LDB3-XN1, and LDB3-XN2) generated by alternative splicing of the LDB3 gene were identified in chicken skeletal muscle, among which LDB3-XN1 and LDB3-XN2 are novel variants. LDB3-X and LDB3-XN1 are derived from exon skipping in chicken skeletal muscle at the E18-D7 stage and share three LIM domains, but LDB3-XN2 lacks a LIM domain. Our results preliminarily suggest that the formation of three variants of LDB3 is regulated by RBM20. The three splice isomers have divergent functions in skeletal muscle according to in vitro and in vivo assays. Finally, we identified the mechanism by which different variants play different roles through interactions with IGF2BP1 and MYHC, which promote the proliferation and differentiation of chicken myoblasts, in turn regulating chicken myogenesis. In conclusion, this study revealed the divergent roles of three LDB3 variants in chicken myogenesis and muscle remodeling and demonstrated their regulatory mechanism through protein-protein interactions.
Asunto(s)
Empalme Alternativo , Pollos , Proteínas con Dominio LIM , Desarrollo de Músculos , Músculo Esquelético , Animales , Pollos/genética , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Músculo Esquelético/química , Músculo Esquelético/crecimiento & desarrollo , Desarrollo de Músculos/genética , Proteínas con Dominio LIM/genética , Proteínas con Dominio LIM/metabolismo , Mioblastos/metabolismo , Proteínas Aviares/genética , Proteínas Aviares/metabolismo , Proteínas Aviares/química , Diferenciación Celular , Proteínas de Unión al ARN/genética , Proteínas de Unión al ARN/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ARN/químicaRESUMEN
Type IV interferon (IFN) has been shown to be a cytokine with antiviral activity in fish and amphibian. But, it has not been cloned and characterized functionally in avian species. In this study, type IV IFN, IFN-υ, and its 2 possible receptors, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB, were identified from an avian species, the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos). Mallard IFN-υ has a 531 bp open reading frame (ORF), encoding 176 amino acids (aa), and has highly conserved features as reported in different species, with an N-terminal signal peptide and a predicted multi-helix structure. The IFN-υR1 and IL10RB contain 528 and 343 aa, respectively, with IFN-υR1 protein containing JAK1 and STAT binding sites, and IL10RB containing TYK2 binding site. These 2 receptor subunits also possess 3 domains, the N-terminal extracellular domain, the transmembrane domain, and the C-terminal intracellular domain. Expression analysis indicated that IFN-υ, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB were widely expressed in examined organs/tissues, with the highest level observed in pancreas, blood, and kidney, respectively. The expression of IFN-υ, IFN-υR1 and IL10RB in liver, spleen or kidney was significantly upregulated after stimulation with polyI:C. Furthermore, recombinant IFN-υ protein induced the expression of ISGs, and the receptor of IFN-υ was verified as IFN-υR1 and IL10RB using a chimeric receptor approach in HEK293 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that IFN-υ is involved in the host innate immune response in mallard.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Aviares , Patos , Subunidad beta del Receptor de Interleucina-10 , Animales , Patos/genética , Subunidad beta del Receptor de Interleucina-10/genética , Subunidad beta del Receptor de Interleucina-10/química , Subunidad beta del Receptor de Interleucina-10/metabolismo , Proteínas Aviares/genética , Proteínas Aviares/química , Proteínas Aviares/metabolismo , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Filogenia , Receptores de Interferón/genética , Receptores de Interferón/metabolismo , Receptores de Interferón/química , Alineación de Secuencia/veterinaria , Inmunidad Innata , Interferones/genética , Interferones/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/veterinariaRESUMEN
Chicken egg chalaza (CLZ) is a natural colloidal structure in eggs that exists as an egg yolk stabilizer and is similar in composition to egg white. In this study, the proteome, phosphoproteome, and N-glycoproteome of CLZ were characterized in depth. We hydrolyzed the CLZ proteins and enriched the phosphopeptides and glycopeptides. We identified 45 phosphoproteins and 80 N-glycoproteins, containing 59 phosphosites and 203 N-glycosylation sites, respectively. Typically, the ovalbumin in CLZ was both phosphorylated and N-glycosylated, with 4 phosphosites and 4 N-glycosylation sites. Moreover, we identified 2 N-glycosylated subunits of ovomucin, mucin-5B and mucin-6, with 32 and nine N- glycosylation sites, respectively. Analysis of the phosphorylation and N-glycosylation status of CLZ proteins could provide novel insights into the structural and functional characteristics of CLZ.