Advances in treatment for lipoid proteinosis (Urbach-Wiethe disease): a case report and systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Lipoid proteinosis (LP), also known as Urbach-Wiethe disease, is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis, caused by mutations in the ECM1 gene. This results in the deposition of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, hyaline-like material on the skin, mucosae and internal organs. OBJECTIVES: To present a case report of LP and a systematic review to synthesize the scientific literature on the management of this uncommon and frequently missed diagnosis. METHODS: We present a case report of a 48-year-old man with LP who exhibited significant improvement after oral acitretin therapy. To address the lack of large case-control studies on LP treatment, we performed a systematic review of the literature following the PRISMA 2020 criteria. The search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus databases from inception until June 2023. To assess the methodological quality of case reports and case series, we used the Joanna Briggs Collaboration critical appraisal tool. RESULTS: We included 25 studies that met eligibility criteria. Data from 44 patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis were analysed. Treatment ranged from systemic therapies (acitretin, etretinate, dimethyl sulfoxide, corticosteroids, penicillamine) to surgical or laser procedures. Regarding methodological quality, the main discrepancies arose in the reporting of participant characteristics and treatment interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose oral acitretin could have potential in managing LP, exhibiting fewer side-effects compared with other therapeutic agents. Further research is needed to establish more comprehensive and evidence-based treatment guidelines.

Lipoid proteinosis: A systematic presentation of an unusual disease.

BACKGROUND: Lipoid proteinosis (LP) or Hyalinosis Cutis et Mucosae or Urbach-Wiethe disease is a rare autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by an amorphous hyaline material deposition in the skin mucosa and viscera. The clinical symptoms of this disease often begin in childhood, which persist throughout life. Skin manifestations include inflammation, scaling, acne, and eventually ulceration, and hyaline amorphous deposits in these areas of the wound cause a waxy and thick appearance on the skin. In addition, wounds leave atrophic scars like chickenpox. AIM: Herein, we present the first case of LP in the north of Iran; although LP is a sporadic disease, it occurs all around the world, with about 400 cases worldwide having been reported thus far. PATIENT: We report the case of a 28-year-old female patient with a history of skin lesions on her face, scalp, extremities, and buttock, as well as hoarse cry, respiratory problems, dysphagia, and migraine since childhood. There was no evidence of other clinical presentations. A biopsy was taken from the lesions, and the patient was diagnosed with LP. A laryngeal laser was performed for the patient, and peeling creams were used for her skin lesions. RESULT: According to previous findings, there has been no case report of LP with systemic symptoms in the north of Iran.

Lipoid Proteinosis presenting as beaded papules of the eyelid: report of three cases.

BACKGROUND: Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare multisystem inherited disease. We report here in three LP cases with beaded papules of the eyelid. Their clinical presentations, histological characteristics, and genetic findings are described and discussed. CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old boy reported to our hospital with a complaint of ocular irritation, redness, and tearing for two years. He had a history of hoarseness since childhood. His younger brother (5 years old) also complained of hoarseness. Another patient, a 26-year-old woman, described many beaded papules on the edge of her eyelids since age 11 years. She additionally reported hoarseness since 4 years of age. Careful slit-lamp examination in these cases revealed waxy beaded papules on the margins of both eyelids and mild conjunctival congestion. Physical examination showed irregular, rugged scars on their facial skin. Genetic analysis showed the mutation located in exon 6 of the ECM1 gene. CONCLUSIONS: Three LP cases first diagnosed by ophthalmologists are presented. The presence of eyelid papules should prompt the ophthalmologist to pay close attention to the patient's voice. If there is a definite history of hoarseness, these patients should undergo gene sequence analysis. If necessary, otorhinolaryngology and dermatology consults may help confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is primarily symptomatic to improve patients' quality of life.

Intracranial calcifications associated with epilepsy: A case report of lipoid proteinosis.

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a very rare autosomal-recessive disease characterized by multisystem involvement due to intracellular deposition of amorphous hyaline material. Clinical manifestations include hoarness, acne-like facial scarring and neurological manifestation including seizures. We describe the clinical, genetics and radiological features of LP in a refractory epileptic patient with genetic confirmation.

Is it always blepharitis? Urbach-Wiethe syndrome (lipoid proteinosis) / É sempre blefarite? Síndrome de Urbach-Wiethe (proteinose lipóide)

ABSTRACT A 12-year-old girl presented with recurrent crusty debris and dandruff at the base of both eyelashes despite having completed different medical treatments. She had had a hoarse voice since her early childhood. Upon anterior segment examination of the eyes, we found yellow-white, bead-like papules on the margins of the eyelids. An otolaryngologist detected multiple nodules on the vocal cords and buccal mucosa. Ultrasonography revealed salivary stones in the main parotid ducts. And a dermatological examination revealed thickened skin lesions on the elbows and knees with a biopsy showing histopathological findings of lipoid proteinosis. We diagnosed the patients as having Urbach-Wiethe syndrome or lipoid proteinosis, a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with variable manifestations vary that difficult the diagnosis. The ocular manifestations are not well known among ophthalmologists, but the typical lid lesions are pathognomonic and ophthalmologists should be aware of this presentation to identify patients with Urbach-Wiethe syndrome.

RESUMO Uma menina de 12 anos apresentava restos crostosos e caspa recorrente na base de ambos os cílios, apesar de ter completado diferentes tratamentos médicos. Ela tinha uma voz rouca desde a infância. No exame do segmento anterior dos olhos, encontramos pápulas amarelo-esbranquiçadas nas margens das pálpebras. Um otorrinolaringologista detectou múltiplos nódulos nas cordas vocais e na mucosa bucal. A ultrassonografia revelou cálculos salivares nos principais ductos parotídeos. Um exame dermatológico revelou lesões cutâneas espessas nos cotovelos e joelhos com uma biópsia mostrando os achados histopatológicos de proteinose lipoide. Diagnosticamos os pacientes da síndrome de Urbach-Wiethe ou proteinose lipoide, um distúrbio multissistêmico autossômico recessivo raro, com manifestações variáveis, que dificultam o diagnóstico. Manifestações oculares não são bem conhecidas entre oftalmologistas, mas as lesões típicas da pálpebra são patognomônicas e os oftalmologistas devem estar atentos a essa apresentação para identificar pacientes com síndrome de Urbach-Wiethe.

Is it always blepharitis? Urbach-Wiethe syndrome (lipoid proteinosis).

A 12-year-old girl presented with recurrent crusty debris and dandruff at the base of both eyelashes despite having completed different medical treatments. She had had a hoarse voice since her early childhood. Upon anterior segment examination of the eyes, we found yellow-white, bead-like papules on the margins of the eyelids. An otolaryngologist detected multiple nodules on the vocal cords and buccal mucosa. Ultrasonography revealed salivary stones in the main parotid ducts. And a dermatological examination revealed thickened skin lesions on the elbows and knees with a biopsy showing histopathological findings of lipoid proteinosis. We diagnosed the patients as having Urbach-Wiethe syndrome or lipoid proteinosis, a rare autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with variable manifestations vary that difficult the diagnosis. The ocular manifestations are not well known among ophthalmologists, but the typical lid lesions are pathognomonic and ophthalmologists should be aware of this presentation to identify patients with Urbach-Wiethe syndrome.

Punctal and peri-punctal involvement in Urbach-Wiethe syndrome: case report and review of literature.

Urbach-Weithe syndrome is an exceedingly rare multisystem disorder characterized by pathognomonic clinical findings of multiple beaded papules along the eyelid margins and peri-ocular areas and hoarseness of voice secondary to intercellular deposition of periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive hyaline material. Lacrimal drainage anomalies are not well defined in this syndrome; however, punctal involvement and acquired nasolacrimal duct obstructions have been reported. We present a patient of Urbach-Weithe syndrome with bilateral punctal and peri-punctal involvement.

Oral manifestations of lipoid proteinosis in a 10-year-old female: A case report and literature update.

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the deposition of amorphous hyaline material in the dermis and submucosal connective tissue. Here, we present a case of LP with significant oral, dermatologic, and neurologic manifestations occurring in a 10 year-old female of Asian descent. In addition to the more typical oral findings of restricted tongue movement and labial and buccal mucosal involvement, this case highlights an unusual pattern of gingival enlargement infrequently reported in the literature. As LP almost always involves the oral cavity, often before the onset of cutaneous lesions, it is important for dental providers to be familiar with the oral manifestations of this disease. Early detection and diagnosis of LP by the dental practitioner can help expedite proper multidisciplinary care and lead to significant reductions in patient morbidity and mortality.

[An atypical case of lipoid proteinosis]. / Un cas atypique de protéinose lipoïde.

The lipoid proteinosis is a rare autosomic recessive genodermatosis characterized histologically by deposits of hyaline-like eosinophilic material of characteristic distribution. We herein report the case of a 56-year-old man admitted for progressive aggravated dementia associated with a late-onset dysphonia. Histologic examination of cutaneous and laryngeal biopsies showed deposits of an amorphous and eosinophilic material arranged around vessels, and adnexal structures, stained by PAS and congo red negative. The detection of a mutation in the ECM1 gene confirmed the diagnosis of lipoid proteinosis of atypical clinical presentation.

Lipoid proteinosis: A clinical and molecular study in Egyptian patients.

Lipoid proteinosis (LP) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by the loss of function of ECM1 gene. Clinical features include varying degrees of skin thickening, hoarseness of voice and less frequently neuropsychiatric abnormalities. Twelve patients from ten unrelated families with a clinical diagnosis of lipoid proteinosis were enrolled in this study. Extraction of DNA samples of the 12 patients and their parents from peripheral blood by standard methods was performed. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the ECM1 gene was conducted using eight pairs of primers spanning over the 10 exons and splice junctions. Patients exhibited a variety of clinical manifestations with skin affection and hoarseness of voice being the consistent feature. We identified five novel homozygous insertion, small deletion, missense, and splice site mutations as well as two homozygous previously published splice site mutation c.70+1G>C in intron 1 and c.1305-2A>G in intron 8. The specific mutations were: c.10_11insC in exon 1, c.690_691delAG in exon 6, c.734G>A in exon 7, c.1286_1287delAA in exon 8 and c.1393-1G>T in intron 9. The novel mutations c.1393-1G>T and c.10_11insC occurred in three (30%) and two (20%) unrelated patients of the studied families, respectively. Further studies may designate an increased frequency of these mutations among Egyptian LP patients. Identification of pathogenic ECM1 mutations is important for accurate diagnosis and proper genetic counseling.

A Case Report: Hybrid Treatment Approach to Lipoid Proteinosis of the Larynx.

OBJECTIVE: Previous research on treatment of lipoid proteinosis has focused on genetic etiology and clinical diagnosis of this rare laryngeal disorder. However, few studies on this disorder have examined treatment methods directed at improving voice qualities. The purpose of this study was to examine a novel hybrid treatment approach and its improvements in the patient's voice quality. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this case study, a 27-year-old man complaining of hoarseness of voice and effortful phonation was diagnosed with lipoid proteinosis. He was then prescribed a combination of surgical intervention and voice therapy to improve his overall voice quality. RESULTS: The results of the posttreatment evaluation demonstrate significant improvements in both objective and subjective voice quality measurements. CONCLUSION: A further examination of this hybrid approach in the treatment of lipoid proteinosis is warranted to determine its efficacy.