"La Razón de la Sin Razón", revista de los señores pensionistas de un instituto manicómico, y la otra prensa "cuerda" de la época (1865, 1879-81) / "La Razón de la Sin Razón", magazine of the pensioners in an asylum institute, and the other "sane" periodicals of the time (1865, 1879-1881)

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Print Media Coverage of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Content Analysis of Three Major Korean Newspapers

The print media is still one of major sources for health-related information. To shed light on how the media accurately delivers information for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we searched the newspaper articles and analyzed their contents for accuracy in the description of symptoms, causes, and treatment of PTSD. The articles featuring PSTD were searched from the very first available to 2010 at on-line search systems of three major Korean newspapers. A total of 123 articles appeared and the first article appeared in 1984. The number of articles steadily increased till the early 2000s but we found the robust increase in the late 2000s. Among the mentioned symptoms of PTSD: re-experience (39%) was most common, followed by avoidance or numbing (28%) and hyperarousal (22%). Of the 29 articles mentioning treatment of PTSD, 13 mentioned psychotherapy only and 11 mentioned both psychotherapy and medication equally. However, the psychotherapies mentioned were non-specific and only five articles mentioned any empirically supported therapies. The number of articles on PTSD in Korean newspapers has continually increased during the last three decades. However, the quality of information on the treatment of PTSD was questionable.

Noticias de prensa sobre errores clínicos y sensación de seguridad al acudir al hospital / News items about clinical errors and safety perceptions in hospital patients

Objetivo Analizar el tratamiento informativo que realiza la prensa de los errores clínicos y su influencia en los pacientes.MétodosEstudio cualitativo y cuantitativo. Primero, análisis de contenido de las noticias publicadas en 6 periódicos entre abril y noviembre de 2007. Segundo, encuesta a 829 pacientes de 5 hospitales de 4 comunidades autónomas.ResultadosSe analizan 90 casos que generan 128 noticias, con una media de 16 impactos mensuales. En 91 (71,1%) se contrastó la fuente. En 78 (60,9%) apareció el autor. El impacto de las noticias fue de −4,86 puntos (intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%]: −4,15–5,57). En 59 casos (57%) se atribuye el error al sistema, en 27 (21,3%) a los profesionales y en 41 (32,3%) a ambos. Ni el número de columnas (p=0,702), ni la inclusión de postitular (p=0,195), ni el apoyo gráfico (p=0,9) se mostraron relacionados con las consecuencias del error. De 829 pacientes, 515 (62,1%; IC95%: 58,8–65,4%) afirmaron haber visto u oído recientemente noticias sobre errores clínicos en prensa, radio o televisión. La percepción de seguridad disminuye cuando coinciden la preocupación por ser víctima de un error clínico y el impacto reciente de noticias sobre errores en la prensa (χ2=15,17; p=0,001).ConclusionesTodas las semanas aparece alguna noticia sobre errores clínicos en algún medio. El tratamiento en el periódico de las denuncias de supuestos errores es similar al de las noticias sobre sentencias judiciales por negligencia con daño irreparable. Las noticias sobre errores generan inseguridad en los pacientes. Es aconsejable crear espacios de encuentro entre periodistas y profesionales sanitarios(AU)

Objective To analyze how news items about clinical errors are treated by the press in Spain and their influence on patients.MethodsWe performed a quantitative and qualitative study. Firstly, news items published between April and November 2007 in six newspapers were analyzed. Secondly, 829 patients from five hospitals in four autonomous regions were surveyed.ResultsWe analyzed 90 cases generating 128 news items, representing a mean of 16 items per month. In 91 news items (71.1%) the source was checked. In 78 items (60.9%) the author could be identified. The impact of these news items was −4.86 points (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: −4.15–5.57). In 59 cases (57%) the error was attributed to the system, in 27 (21.3%) to health professionals, and in 41 (32.3%) to both. Neither the number of columns (p=0.702), nor the inclusion of a sub-header (p=0.195), nor a complementary image (p=0.9) were found to be related to the effect of the error on safety perceptions. Of the 829 patients, 515 (62.1%; 95%CI: 58.8–65.4%) claimed to have recently seen or heard news about clinical errors in the press, on the radio or on television. The perception of safety decreased when the same person was worried about being the victim of a clinical error and had seen a recent news item about such adverse events (χ2=15.17; p=0.001).ConclusionsEvery week news items about clinical errors are published or broadcast. The way in which newspapers report legal claims over alleged medical errors is similar to the way they report judicial sentences for negligence causing irreparable damage or harm. News about(AU)

Advertencias en periódicos europeos para la salud pública sobre el riesgo de la retinopatía solar antes del eclipse solar de 2006 / Public health warnings of solar retinopathy risk in European newspapers prior to the 2006 solar eclipse

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Análisis comparativo y perfil de publicaciones en la Revista Chilena de Pediatría 2001-2006 / Comparative analysis and publication profile in Revista Chilena de Pediatría 2001-2006

La Revista Chilena de Pediatría (Rev Chil Pediatr), publicación oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría está indexada en SciELO pero no en la Librería Médica de EEUU (NLM). Objetivos: a) determinar el perfil de los artículos publicados y visitados en la Rev Chil Pediatr, compararlo con el de Jornal de Pediatría de Brasil (J Ped Br) y el de Journal of Pediatrics (J Ped) de Estados Unidos; b) evaluar la visibilidad de Rev Chil Pediatr y compararla con la Revista Médica de Chile. Métodos: Se evaluaron los ejemplares en línea de las revistas mencionadas a través de la base de datos SciELO y PubMed entre 2001 a 2006. Se tomó una muestra representativa y aleatoria de los artículos publicados en ese período para cada revista. Adicionalmente se evaluaron los artículos más visitados de la Rev Chil Pediatr y se clasificaron como originales (investigación clínica y básica) y no originales (editorial, caso clínico, revisión y otros). Todos los artículos fueron catalogados según su contenido en una de las 25 especialidades médicas definidas. Además se comparó el número de visitas anuales y globales a la Rev Chil Pediatr y a la Revista Médica de Chile y se analizaron las citaciones más frecuentes otorgadas y recibidas por la Rev Chil Pediatr en ese período. Resultados: De 512 artículos en la Rev Chil Pediatr, se analizaron 220; 35 por ciento fueron originales y 65 por ciento no originales, publicando un porcentaje significativamente menor de artículos originales que el J Ped Br y que el J Ped (p < 0,05). Las áreas temáticas con más publicaciones fueron broncopulmonar, infectología y nutrición con un 9,1, 7,7 y 7,7 por ciento, respectivamente. La Rev Chil Pediatr publicó el doble de artículos de nutrición y 5 veces más de artículos de salud pública que el J Ped (p < 0,05). Los artículos más visitados fueron de nutrición, infectología, broncopulmonar y neonatología. Dentro de los 10 artículos más visitados de la Rev Chil Pediatr, 7 de ellos corresponden a artículos de revisión...

Padronização da terminologia dos centros médicos universitários e de pesquisa biomédica, no idioma inglês, para envio de artigo de revista / Standardization of the terminology of the academic medical centers and biomedical research centers, in the English language, for journal article sending

OBJETIVO: Propor uma padronização, no idioma inglês, na formatação da citação da sede da pesquisa. MÉTODOS: A partir das três publicações mais recentes dos 20 primeiros periódicos disponíveis no Portal Brasileiro de Informação Científica - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), com maior fator de impacto durante a ano de 2004, segundo levantamento na base de dados ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Reports no biênio 2004-2005, extraíram-se os formatos das citações das sedes de pesquisa. Realizou-se uma analogia ao escalonamento hierárquico institucional da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), e os formatos mais freqüentes, no idioma inglês, foram adotados como padrão a ser sugerido para citar as sedes de pesquisa ao envio dos artigos. RESULTADOS: Em relação à citação "Departamento", padronizou-se "Department of ..." (sendo "..." o nome em inglês do Departamento), à citação "Programa de Pós-Graduação" "... Program", "Disciplina" "Division of ...", "Orgãos, Grupos e Associações" "... Group", "Setor" "Section of ...", "Centro" "Center for ...", "Unidade" "... Unit" "Instituto" "Institute of ...", "Laboratório" "Laboratory of ..." e "Grupo" "Group of ...".

PURPOSE: To suggest a standardization, in the English language, the formatting of the citation of the research centers. METHODS: From three more recent publications of the first 20 journals available in Brazilian Portal of Scientific Information - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), with bigger factor of impact during the year of 2004, according of information in ISI Web of Knowledge Journal Citation Reports database in biennium 2004-2005, had extracted the formats of citations of the research centers. An analogy to the institutional hierarchie step of the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) was carried out, and the formats most frequent, in the English language, had been adopted as standard to be suggested to cite the research centers for sending articles. RESULTS: In relation to the citation "Departamento", was standardized "Department of ..." (being "..." the name in English of the Department), to the citation "Programa de Pós-Graduação" "... Program", "Disciplina" "Division of ...", "Orgãos, Grupos e Associações" "... Group ", "Setor" "Section of...", "Centro" "Center for ...", "Unidade" "... Unit ", "Instituto" "Institute of ...", "Laboratório" "Laboratory of ..." and "Grupo" "Group of ...".

Comparative study of scientific publications in Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay (1995-2004) / Publicaciones científicas en oftalmología y visión: estudio comparativo Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay (1995-2004)

PURPOSE: The study aimed to measure the scientific production in Ophthalmology and Vision (O&V) in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay over a period of 10 years (1995-2004), in order to find out temporal evolution and variations in this field of research. METHODS: PubMed / Medline was used to retrieve records on O&V research literature. The search strategy included keywords, country in the affiliation field and publication date. Data were extracted from each citation and recorded in a spreadsheet. Subsequent analysis focused on type and main topic of publication, journals where articles had been published, and evolution of research done on animals and humans. RESULTS: A total of 1,216 citations were retrieved. Brazil had the largest number of authored publications with an average annual production of 82.4, followed by Argentina with 31.0, Chile 6.4, Uruguay 1.6, and Paraguay 0.2. The ratio of articles on O&V relative to publications involving Health Science ranged from 1.0 to 2.3. The frequency of publications almost tripled from 1995 to 2004. Research on humans showed a significant increase in Argentina and Brazil. CONCLUSIONS: Results provide initial benchmarks on O&V publication rates in countries in South America that may be useful to follow research trends.

OBJECTIVO: Cuantificar y analizar las publicaciones científicas en Oftalmología y Ciencias de la Visión (O&V) de Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay, en un período de 10 años (1995-2004) para conocer la evolución y tendencias en este campo de investigación. MÉTODOS: Se utilizó la base de datos PubMed / Medline para identificar las publicaciones científicas en O&V. En la estrategia de búsqueda se utilizaron palabras claves relacionadas a O&V, nombre de los países en el campo de afiliación y fecha de publicación. Se procesaron los datos con una planilla de cálculo para analizar el idioma y tipo de artículo, el tema de la investigación y la evolución de los trabajos realizados en animales y en personas. RESULTADOS: Los cinco países han publicado un total de 1216 artículos en revistas indexadas en Medline. Brasil presenta la mayor cantidad de trabajos científicos publicados, con un porcentaje de producción anual de 82.4, seguido por Argentina con 31,0, Chile 6.4, Uruguay 1.6 y Paraguay 0.2. El porcentaje de artículos en O&V en relación con las Ciencias Biomédicas presenta un rango de 1.0 a 2.3. De 1995 al 2004, la suma de publicaciones de estos países se incrementa aproximadamente en tres veces. La investigación en humanos presenta un aumento significativo en Argentina y en Brasil. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados del estudio proporcionan datos inéditos sobre la investigación en O&V en países de América del Sur que podrían ser tomados como referencia para hacer un futuro seguimiento de las tendencias en la producción científica.

Profile of the Brazilian scientific production in multiple sclerosis

This paper analyzes the profile of the Brazilian output in the field of multiple sclerosis from 1981 to 2004. The search was conducted through the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, selecting papers in which the term "multiple sclerosis" was defined as the main topic and "Brazil" or "Brasil" as others. The data were analyzed regarding the themes, the state in Brazil and institution where the papers were produced, the journals where the papers were published, journal's impact factor, and language. The search disclosed 141 documents (91 from MEDLINE and LILACS, and 50 from LILACS only) published in 44 different journals (23 of them MEDLINE-indexed). A total of 111 documents were produced by 17 public universities, 29 by 3 private medical schools and 1 by a non-governmental organization. There were 65 original contributions, 37 case reports, 20 reviews, 6 PhD dissertations, 5 guidelines, 2 validation studies, 2 clinical trials, 2 chapters in textbooks, 1 Master of Science thesis, and 1 patient education handout. The journal impact factor ranged from 0.0217 to 6.039 (median 3.03). Of 91 papers from MEDLINE, 65 were published by Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. More than 90 percent of the papers were written in Portuguese. São Paulo was the most productive state in the country, followed by Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Paraná. Eighty-two percent of the Brazilian output came from the Southeastern region.

Financial support of graduate programs in Brazil: quo vadis?

Graduate programs provide the highest level of formal education and thus are crucial for the development of any country. However, official Brazilian data clearly show a dramatic decrease in the number and values of scholarships available to graduate programs in Brazil over the last few years, despite the importance and growth of such programs. Between 1995 and 2004, investment by the Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Ensino Superior (CAPES, subordinate to the Ministry of Education and Culture) in funding scholarships, corrected for inflation in the period, actually decreased by 51 percent. In addition, during the period between 1994 and 2004, there was a loss of about 60 percent in the purchasing power of the graduate scholarships provided by CAPES and the National Council for Science and Technology (CNPq). To reverse this trend, we propose the development of sectorial funding for Brazilian graduate programs to guarantee the availability and continuity of financial support for this strategic activity.

Brazilian knowledge production in the field of child and adolescent health

OBJECTIVE: To assess (a) the trend of MEDLINE citation of pediatrics articles associated with Brazilian institutions from 1990 through 2004; (b) the number of Brazilian pediatrics articles published in journals with the highest impact factor; and (c) the regional distribution of institutions.METHODS: PubMed search limited to ages 0 to 18 years, English language, MEDLINE and humans subsets, Brazilian affiliation. For each year, we compared the articles retrieved to the whole of MEDLINE citations with the same search limits, except for affiliation, as well as to the total Brazilian scientific production cited in MEDLINE, without age limits. We made a descriptive analysis, and used the chi-square test for trend. Data concerning publication in journals with the highest impact factor were aggregated into three-year periods.RESULTS: A total of 7,222 Brazilian pediatrics articles were listed in MEDLINE from 1990 through 2004, corresponding to 0.95% of all articles concerning the age group from 0 to 18 years. There was a fivefold increase in the absolute number of Brazilian articles along the study period. The ratio of Brazilian to total articles increased from 0.51 to 1.60% (p < 0.01). Scientific knowledge production remains strongly concentrated in the Southeast of Brazil.CONCLUSION: Brazilian research activities in pediatrics have had a steady upward trend, which relates to the proportional growth of the Brazilian scientific production as a whole.

O impacto dos estudos qualitativos de enfermagem em saúde da criança / The impact of nursing qualitative studies in child's health

O impacto dos estudos qualitativos de enfermagem em saúde da criança foi investigado para identificar a incidência de artigos de enfermagem geral e de saúde da criança em periódicos de enfermagem e analisar a apropriação das referências adotadas pelos autores. Foram analisados quatro periódicos publicados no Brasil e classificados pelo Qualis, da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal em Nível Superior (CAPES), como nacional B, internacional B e C, no ano de 2003. A pesquisa quantitativa exploratória de 274 artigos revelou que 90,2% eram de enfermagem geral e 9,8%, de enfermagem em saúde da criança. Há um predomínio de artigos de pesquisa publicados em autorias múltiplas. Os autores dessa área apropriaram-se de referenciais teóricos das ciências biológicas, sociais, comportamentais e de enfermagem para interpretar os seus achados. As citações de enfermagem em saúde da criança produziram pouco impacto na geração de novos conhecimentos quando comparado com outras áreas.

Periódicos nacionais em fonoaudiologia: caracterização de indicador de impacto / Brazilian scientific journals in Speech-language and hearing science: impact indicator

TEMA: valor global dos artigos científicos publicados em periódicos nacionais da Fonoaudiologia brasileira por meio do cálculo de Fator de Impacto (FI). OBJETIVO: conhecer parte da Fonoaudiologia brasileira à luz de seus periódicos científicos: caracterização de indicador de impacto - aqui, o FI. Foram analisados os sete periódicos nacionais de Fonoaudiologia (1986/2001) registrados no Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (Ibict) e, portanto, já possuidores do International Standard Serial Number (ISSN). Para se calcular o FI dos periódicos, as listas de referências bibliográficas dos artigos publicados foram consultadas e a fórmula original de Garfield foi aplicada nos sete periódicos pesquisados. Foram consideradas para esta contagem as referências bibliográficas constantes nos artigos de pesquisa, de relato de caso, de revisão de literatura e de atualização. Foram excluídos os trabalhos descritos nos sumários dos periódicos como cartas ao editor; editorial; resumos; comentários e outros. Desta forma, foram analisadas as 9.334 referências bibliográficas dos 549 artigos analisados nos sete periódicos, excluindo-se as autocitações de autores. Pela análise dos dados, observou-se que os FIs resultantes mostraram valores praticamente nulos. CONCLUSÕES: os resultados apresentados demonstram que a Fonoaudiologia brasileira precisa desenvolver alguns aspectos em seus processos de difusão científica - as pesquisas da Fonoaudiologia brasileira estão se perdendo, sendo necessário que os editores aumentem o acesso e a visibilidade de seus periódicos e os fonoaudiólogos brasileiros citem os trabalhos de seus antecessores e parceiros nacionais. De acordo com os dados encontrados, para a Fonoaudiologia brasileira faz-se necessária a publicação de 11,9 artigos para a citação de apenas um destes artigos. Observa-se que os FIs da Fonoaudiologia brasileira, entre estes sete periódicos, aumentaram a partir do ano de 1999, sugerindo um amadurecimento desta Ciência. A continuação desta pesquisa nos anos subseqüentes a 2001 é necessária para a possível verificação do real aumento do impacto destes artigos.

Evidencia para mitigar errores en la practica clinica y sanitaria: una revision de la literatura cientifica argentina / Surveillance of health care errors: an overview of the published data in Argentina

En las últimas décadas la vigilancia de la salud pública extendió su objeto de estudio hacia el desarrollo de estrategias que mejoren la seguridad del paciente a través de la notificación de los errores en medicina. El objetivo fue analizar las investigaciones publicadas en la Argentina acerca de sistemas diseñados para la vigilancia de los errores en el proceso de atención de los pacientes. Se realizaron búsquedaselectrónicas y una búsqueda manual de literatura. Se revisaron 4656 resúmenes, 150 de MEDLINE, 145 deLILACS (Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud) y 4361 de búsqueda manual. De ellos52 estudios fueron incluidos y 8 calificados como relevantes para la vigilancia del error. Los hallazgos mostraron que el enfoque del error en medicina y en particular su notificación es escasa y no está sistematizada. Unaexplicación probable sería el temor de los profesionales por la potencial demanda. La sistematización de la literatura científica es necesaria para acceder de manera eficiente al estado del conocimiento sobre el tema y ladefinición de prioridades en investigación

In the last decades, public health surveillance extended its scope of study to new fields, such as medical errors,in order to improve patient safety. This study was aimed to review all the evidence produced in Argentina aboutthe surveillance of medical errors. An exhaustive literature search was performed. A total of 4656 abstracts were assessed (150 MEDLINE, 145 LILACS, and 4361 hand searched abstracts). Of them, 52 were analysed and 8 were considered relevant for health care error surveillance. Different approaches were used to study medicalerrors. Some of them have focused on patient safety and others on medical malpractice. There is still a need toimprove the surveillance of this type of event. Mainly, the quality reports of study design and surveillance attributeswere unclear. A critical appraisal and synthesis of all relevant studies on health care errors may help to understand not only the state of the art, but also to define research priorities