Comprehensive analysis and treatment of intraoral thyroglossal duct cysts with intraoperative techniques: a 7-case series review in a tertiary care center.

OBJECTIVE: Intraoral thyroglossal duct cyst is a relatively rare clinical disease. This article reviews the diagnosis and treatment process of 7 patients and explores the clinical characteristics of diagnosis and treatment of intraoral thyroglossal duct cyst in combination with past literature reports. METHOD: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 7 cases of intraoral thyroglossal duct cyst admitted to the Otolaryngology ward of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital from January 2017 to January 2024. The cases were recorded in terms of gender, age, symptoms, physical signs, radiological examinations, surgical methods, and postoperative complications. All cases were followed up, and the latest follow-up results were recorded. RESULTS: Among the 7 cases, 6 patients underwent laryngoscopic and radiological examinations before surgery, and 1 child was found to have a cyst during surgery. All cases were diagnosed with intraoral thyroglossal duct cyst and treated with plasma radiofrequency surgery. None of the patients had postoperative complications, and no recurrence was found in the six-month follow-up after discharge. CONCLUSION: Intraoral thyroglossal duct cyst is rare in clinical practice. It is important to pay attention to its differential diagnosis clinically, and careful review of images is required before surgery. Cryoablation with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency is not only minimally invasive and has a quick recovery but also has few complications and a low recurrence rate. It is a safe and effective treatment method that is worthy of clinical promotion. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3.

Caso Clínico: Quiste Tirogloso, Cirugía de Sistrunk / Clinical Case Report: Thyroglossal Duct Cyst, Sistrunk Surgery

INTRODUCCIÓN: El quiste tirogloso es una anomalía congénita de la glándula tiroides y de la línea media a nivel del cuello, afecta al 7% de la población mundial. Se presenta como un tumor indoloro, móvil con la deglución. El diagnóstico se realiza con ecografía y biopsia por aspiración con aguja fina, para determinar existencia de malignidad la cual corresponde al 1%. El tratamiento de elección es quirúrgico mediante la técnica de Sistrunk. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente masculino de 63 años, sin antecedentes patológicos, presentó desde hace un año un tumor en parte central de cuello, de consistencia dura de aproximadamente 3 cm, con aumento progresivo de tamaño. Al examen físico: Tumor de 3 x 2.5 cm que se moviliza con la deglución. EVOLUCIÓN: Se realizó Cirugía de Sistrunk, se envió muestra para estudio transoperatorio de patología el cual reportó presencia de quiste tirogloso, negativo para malignidad. No se presentaron complicaciones quirúrgicas, se colocó dren de Penrose que se retiró a los 5 días. El paciente permaneció hospitalizado durante 24 horas. El reporte definitivo de patología fue quiste tirogloso. Se realizó vigilancia a los 3 y 6 meses, y al primer y segundo año sin recurrencia. CONCLUSIÓN:El quiste tirogloso es una patología congénita benigna con un porcentaje de malignidad bajo, el pronóstico es excelente incluso si reporta malignidad. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante ecografía y biopsia por punción con aguja fina. La cirugía de Sistrunk constituye el tratamiento de elección, con tasas bajas de recurrencia. El acudir a control médico cuando se sospecha de un tumor en cuello ayuda a un diagnóstico temprano. (au)

BACKGROUND: The thyroglossal cyst is a congenital anomaly of the thyroid gland and the midline at the level of the neck, affecting 7% of the world population. It presents as a painless, mobile tumor when swallowing. The diagnosis is made with ultrasound and biopsy by fine needle aspiration to determine existence of malignancy, which is present in 1%. The treatment of choice is surgery using the Sistrunk technique. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old male patient, who presented a 3 cm central neck tumor of hard consistency, with a progressive increase in size. Physical examination: 3 x 2.5 cm neck tumor that is mobilized with swallowing. EVOLUTION: Sistrunk Surgery was performed, a sample was sent for transoperative analysis, and the report was compatible with thyroglossal cyst negative for malignancy; the patient remained hospitalized for 24 hours without complications. The definitive pathology report confirmed the presence of a thyroglossal cyst. Follow ups were made at 3, 6 months, 1 and 2 years without recurrence. CONCLUSION: The thyroglossal cyst is a benign congenital disease with low malignancy probability; the prognosis is excellent even in presence of malignancy. The diagnosis is made by ultrasound and fine needle aspiration biopsy. Sistrunk surgery is the treatment of choice, with low recurrence rates. Receiving a medical evaluation when a neck tumor is suspected is helpful for the early diagnosis.

Thyroglossal duct: a review of 55 cases.

BACKGROUND: Thyroglossal duct remnants are the most common midline neck masses in childhood but can be found in adults and the elderly. Sistrunk's procedure, with dissection of the tract and removal of the hyoid bone, is accepted as the main operation of choice. STUDY DESIGN: Fifty-five patients were treated from January 1994 to November 2000, and these were studied. There were 29 men and 26 women, with a median age of 17 years. Diagnosis was clinical, with 13 cases of fistula and 42 of cyst. Size varied from 1.0 to 4.0 cm, with an average of 2.5 cm. Six patients presented with local abscess. RESULTS: All the patients underwent Sistrunk's procedure. Serum collection occurred in three patients as complication. In one patient papillary carcinoma was identified in the cyst. Total thyroidectomy was not performed. There was only one recurrence, managed with a second operation. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that the diagnosis of thyroglossal duct is clinical. Sistrunk's procedure carries low rates of complications (9.08%) and recurrence (1.82%). Antibiotic therapy is avoidable as a rule and hospital stay is short.