RESUMEN
Purpose The goal of this study was to expand the field's understanding of autism through the analysis of 1st-person perspectives from autistic video webloggers (vloggers). Method This study analyzed the representation of autism in 39 YouTube videos authored by self-identified autistic individuals and published between 2007 and 2015. Consistent with the cross-disciplinary tradition of narrative inquiry, thematic analyses of the video transcripts were conducted. Findings Vloggers were predominantly, but not exclusively, White male adults who spoke mainstream American English and self-identified as experiencing Asperger's syndrome. Key findings included (a) the predominance of a narrative about autism that incorporated features of both the medical model of disability and the neurodiversity paradigm to varying degrees, (b) a trend toward more medical model features across most content areas, and (c) a relatively high prevalence of neurodiversity paradigm features related specifically to language use and the description of autistic traits. Conclusions Implications include the need for clinicians to (a) familiarize themselves with the varying views of autism held within the autistic community, (b) reflect on the language used to talk about autism and listen to how clients and/or their caregivers talk about it, and (c) consider the exploration of potential positive dimensions of autistic traits.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Asperger/psicología , Trastorno Autístico/psicología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Narración , Autoimagen , Medios de Comunicación Sociales , Grabación en Video , Adaptación Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Síndrome de Asperger/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Asperger/etnología , Trastorno Autístico/diagnóstico , Trastorno Autístico/etnología , Costo de Enfermedad , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud/etnología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Psicológicos , Conducta Social , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
In the current study, the child AQ was administered in Japan, to examine whether the UK results for reliability and validity generalize to a different culture. Assessment groups were: Group 1: n = 81 children with Asperger Syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA); Group 2: n = 22 children diagnosed PDD-NOS with average IQ; and Group 3: n = 372 randomly selected controls from primary and secondary schools. Both clinical groups scored significantly higher than controls (AS/HFA mean AQ = 31.9, SD = 6.93; PDD-NOS mean AQ = 28.0, SD = 6.88; controls mean AQ = 11.7, SD = 5.94). Among the controls, males scored significantly higher than females. The pattern of difference between clinical groups and controls was found to be similar in both countries.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Asperger/etnología , Trastorno Autístico/etnología , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Análisis de Varianza , Síndrome de Asperger/diagnóstico , Trastorno Autístico/diagnóstico , Niño , Comparación Transcultural , Femenino , Humanos , Japón , Masculino , Factores Sexuales , Reino UnidoRESUMEN
The AQ (Autism-Spectrum Quotient) is a self-administered instrument for measuring the degree to which an adult with normal intelligence has the traits associated with the autistic spectrum. The AQ was administered in Japan to test whether the UK results would generalize to a very different culture. Three groups of subjects, adults with AS or HFA (n = 57), adult controls (n = 194), and University students (n = 1050) were assessed. The adults with AS/HFA had a mean AQ score which was significantly higher than both the controls and the University students. Among the controls, males scored significantly higher than females. The similarity of results in both the general population and the clinical group across the two cultures was remarkable.