Fatal primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus initially treated as an infectious disease in an elderly patient: A clinicopathologic report.

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the maxillary sinus in an 82-year-old Caucasian woman. BACKGROUND: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus has non-specific signs and symptoms that may be confused with benign inflammatory conditions and upper respiratory infections. METHODS: An incisional biopsy was performed. CD20+ /CD3- /Ki-67: 95% cells were observed. CONCLUSION: A good medical history, clinical and imaging evaluations and immunohistochemical reactions are crucial to establish a correct and early diagnosis of DLBCL.

Sinusits fúngica paranasal no invasiva: Reporte de caso / Non Invasive Fungal Paranasal Sinusits. Case Report

La bola fúngica del seno maxilar es una sinusitis fúngica no invasiva. El aumento de pacientes con alguna forma de inmunocompromiso se ha asociado con el aumento en la prevalencia de la enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente diabético, que consultó durante un año al sistema de salud antes de realizarle el diagnóstico de bola fúngica por Aspergillus en el seno maxilar.

Fungal balls are non invasive sinusits of paranasal sinuses. Rises in the number of immune compromised patents has lead to an increase in prevalence of the disease. We report a case of a diabetc patent, who sought advice for one year before the diagnosis of an Aspergillus fungal ball of the maxillary sinus was made.

An unusual case of dental infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing a brain abscess: case report.

A brain abscess may result when dental infection reaches the brain through contiguous anatomic cavities such as the maxillary sinus, the ethmoid sinus and the orbital cavity. It is an important complication and should be treated aggressively. Such treatment would include the excision of the etiological factor, drainage and adjuvant antibiotic therapy. The present case concerns a 23 year old woman who presented at the General Hospital of Nova Iguaçu with complaints of pain in the right side of the face and was diagnosed with acute sinusitis. Antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed to treat the disease. However, after 10 days, she returned to the emergency room, presenting with proptosis of the right eyeball, subconjunctival haemorrhage, ophthalmoplegia and intense pain in the right orbit, in addition to headaches. After computed tomography was performed, she was diagnosed with a brain abscess in the frontal lobe with the involvement of the maxillary right first molar, the maxillary sinus, the ethmoid sinus and the orbital cavity. With culturing of the secretion, the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonies was evident. Treatment consisted of a craniotomy to drain the brain abscess, a Caldwell-Luc procedure to drain the right maxillary sinus, dental extraction and aggressive antibiotic therapy. After 6 weeks, the patient was discharged with no neurological sequelae.

Cierre de comunicaciones bucosinusales con colgajos palatinos / Closure of oral sinus communications with palatal flaps

Las comunicaciones bucosinusales (CBS) son una condición patológica que se caracteriza por la presencia de una solución de continuidad entre la cavidad bucal y el seno maxilar. Una vez que se ha instalado una CBS es deseable cerrar este defecto, evitando así la infección del seno maxilar y posibles dificultades en la deglución, fonación y masticación. Se han propuesto diferentes tratamientos para su resolución, algunos no quirúrgicos y otros quirúrgicos. Los quirúrgicos pueden realizarsedesplazando tejidos locales, regionales o injertando. El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la utilidad del cierre plßsticos local con colgajo palatino. Para ello se muestran dos casos clínicos y se realizó una revisión de la bibliografía con la intensión de clarificar sus ventajas y desventajas...

Oroantral communication (OAC) is a pathological condition characterized by the presence of an abnormal communication between themaxillary sinus and the oral cavity.Once an OAC has established, the closure of this defect is desired in order to avoid infection of the maxillary sinus, and possible difficulties in swallowing, speaking and chewing.Several treatments have been suggested for this condition, both surgical and non surgical. Surgical treatments consist of relocating localor regional tissue and grafting. The purpose of this work is to show the effectiveness of local plastic closure using a palatal flap. Two clinical cases are presented and a revision of literature was performed in order to clarify its advantages and disadvantages...

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic maxillary mega-antrostomy for refractory chronic maxillary sinusitis.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic maxillary mega-antrostomy (EMMA) is a revision surgical procedure for recalcitrant maxillary sinusitis in which medical therapy and endoscopic antrostomy have been unsuccessful. In 2008 our group published favorable outcomes of EMMA in 28 patients with relatively short follow-up and nonvalidated outcome measures. This study reports an update of long-term outcomes of this same cohort, as well as outcomes of an interval cohort of 94 patients using validated outcome measures. METHODS: Retrospective review was performed for 122 patients (163 sides) who underwent EMMA between 2005 and 2013. For the original 2008 cohort, the original questionnaire from 2008 was readministered by telephone interview. For the interval cohort, preoperative and postoperative SNOT-22 symptom scores and modified Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scores were compared. RESULTS: The original 2008 cohort of 28 patients, now with a mean follow-up period of 6.9 years, demonstrated sustained improvement of symptoms. The outcomes were statistically comparable to the 2008 study, with 72.4% reporting complete or significant improvement, 27.6% reporting partial improvement, and 0% reporting worsening.

Diagnóstico diferencial da sinusite de origem não odontogênica / Differential diagnosis of sinusitis of odontogenic origin not

ntrodução: a íntima relação das raízes dos dentes posterossuperiores com as cavidades pneumáticas dos maxilares ocasiona dificuldades no diagnóstico clínico, na presença de patologias nessa área. No presente trabalho, será reportado um diagnóstico diferencial de sinusite não odontogênica na região dos molares, com íntima relação com a mucosa do seio maxilar, utilizando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. A correta utilização dos recursos obtidos na avaliação radiológica, conjuntamente aos achados clínicos, é determinante no diagnóstico da sinusite, podendo evitar procedimentos desnecessários no tratamento integral do indivíduo

Rinosinusitis maxilar crónica de origen dental / Chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis of dental origin

Introducción: La rinosinusitis maxilar de origen dental (RSMD) es una entidad reconocida con una incidencia cercana al 30%. Su diagnóstico puede pasar inadvertido, tanto en la clínica como en las imágenes, llevando a persistencia de sintomatología y fracaso de tratamiento. Objetivo: Describir la presentación clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con rinosinusitis maxilar de origen dental. Material y método: Reporte de casos. Se revisaron historias clínicas, imágenes radiológicas, protocolos operatorios y cultivos microbiológicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de rinosinusitis de origen dental atendidos en Clínica Las Condes. Resultados: Diez pacientes, siete mujeres y tres hombres con edad promedio de 63 años. Descarga posterior y rinorrea fueron los síntomas más frecuentes. El estudio incluyó radiografía dental y tomografía computarizada de cavidades paranasales. Las complicaciones secundarias a extracciones dentales y de implantes dentales fueron las etiologías más frecuentes, siendo el primer molar la pieza dental más comprometida. Todos los casos fueron manejados en conjunto por equipo médico y odontológico. Ocho pacientes requirieron tratamiento quirúrgico y 5 de ellos además procedimientos dentales asociados. La flora responsable fue mixta aerobia y anaerobia. Conclusión: En pacientes rebeldes a tratamiento y con síntomas unilaterales, se debe tener un alto índice de sospecha y buscar dirigidamente patologías dentales que expliquen cuadros rinosinusales máxilo-etmoidales.

Introduction: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is a well-recognized condition and accounts for approximately 30% of maxillary sinusitis cases. The diagnosis can be missed leading to failure in medical and surgical treatments. Aim: To describe clinical features, diagnosis procedures and treatment of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. Material and method: Case Report. We retrospectively reviewed medical records, radiologic characteristic, surgical findings and intraoperative microbial cultures of patients with diagnosis of odontogenic sinusitis at Clínica Las Condes. Results: 10 patients were identified, 7 females and 3 males with a mean age of 63 years. Posterior discharge and rhinorrhea were the most common symptoms. Dental x-rays and paranasal sinus CT-scans were performed in all patients. Iatrogenic causes, which include dental implants and dental extractions, were the most common etiology and the 1st molar was the dental piece most frequently involved. Both otolaryngologists and dentistsworked together in all cases. 8 patients had endoscopic sinus surgery and five of them received concomitant management of the dental origin. Polymicrobial cultures were obtained. Conclusions: Otolaryngologists must have a high index of suspicion and look for an odontogenic cause in individuals with unilateral maxillary and ethmoidal symptoms, resistant to conventional sinusitis therapy.

Sinusitis maxilar de origen odontogénica: diagnóstico y tratamiento quirúrgico / Maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin. surgical diagnosis and treatment

La sinusitis odontogénica afecta la mucosa de los senos maxilares y puede ser causada por la evolución de una lesión en el diente con formación de pus periapical que avanza en el interior de la cavidad sinusal. Se presenta un caso de un paciente con dens in dente en el diente incisivo lateral superior derecho, que sufrió el proceso de caries evolucionando en la región periapical, contaminando la mucosa sinusal de este lado, lo que causó el dolor, abultamiento y el desplazamiento del diente. La cirugía se realizó a través de acceso de Caldwell-Luc para el curetaje de la lesión, lo que indica la presencia en el diagnóstico histopatológico la presencia de quiste abscedado y sinusitis. Después de 18 meses de control, se observó la regeneración ósea y el reposicionamiento alveolar espontáneo de los dientes implicados. Los autores advierten que cíngulos profundos y dens in dente son las enfermedades de los dientes que merecen atención para el diagnóstico y la prevención de los procesos de caries con el fin de evitar complicaciones mayores.

Odontogenic sinusitis affects mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus and can be caused by the evolution of a tooth injury with formation of periapical abscess that advances into the sinus cavity. We present a patient with dens in dente in the upper right lateral incisor tooth, which suffered carious process and periapical abscess, contaminating the sinus mucosa on this side, which caused pain, bulging and tooth displacement. Surgery was performed via a Caldwell-Luc access for curettage of the lesion, indicating the presence in the histopathological diagnosis of radicular cyst abscess and sinusitis. After 18 months of control, alveolar bone regeneration and spontaneous repositioning of teeth involved was observed. The authors warn that cingulum deep in dens in dente are diseases of the tooth that deserve attention for the diagnosis and prevention of carious processes in order to avoid further complications.

Avaliação clínica de pacientes submetidos à colocação de implantes zigomáticos pela técnica de Stella & Warner / Clinical evaluation of patients submitted the placing of zygomatic implants by the technique of Stella & Warner

Este trabalho se propôs a avaliar pacientes submetidos à colocação de implantes zigomáticos pela técnica de Stella & Warner, considerando a sobrevivência dos implantes convencionais e zigomáticos, a saúde do seio maxilar e o nível de satisfação dos pacientes em relação à reabilitação oral. Foram avaliados 28 pacientes, onde 14 haviam recebido implantes zigomáticos e convencionais, encontrando-se reabilitados com próteses totais fixas implantossuportadas (grupo 1) e 14 foram reabilitados somente com implantes convencionais e próteses totais fixas implantossuportadas (grupo 2). O estudo teve quatro fases, representadas pela avaliação radiográfica dos implantes (fase I), avaliação clínica (fase II), avaliação da saúde do seio maxilar (fase III) e aplicação de um questionário para mensurar a satisfação da reabilitação com prótese fixa total implanto-suportada (fase IV). O grupo 2 só foi submetido a fase IV, enquanto o grupo 1 participou de todas as etapas. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e estatísticas, tendo, esta última, utilizado o test t para amostras independentes na avaliação da fase IV. Os resultados demonstraram que a técnica de Stella & Warner mostrou-se efetiva, permitindo um elevado índice de sobrevivência dos implantes convencionais e zigomáticos (100%), considerando um período mínimo de acompanhamento de 15 meses e máximo de 53 meses após reabilitação protética. Não foram encontradas alterações patológicas nos tecidos periimplantares dos implantes convencionais e zigomáticos analisados. Os achados radiográficos mostraram níveis ósseos satisfatórios nos implantes convencionais das reabilitações orais com fixações zigomáticas e um bom posicionamento do ápice dos implantes zigomáticos em relação ao osso zigomático. A presença do implante zigomático não provocou sinusopatias e o teste t demonstrou um índice de satisfação inferior no grupo 1 quando comparado ao grupo 2. A colocação de implantes zigomáticos pela técnica de Stella & Warner mostrou ser uma técnica previsível, com alto índice de sobrevivência em pacientes com maxilas atróficas, sendo necessário um acompanhamento por longo prazo para confirmar os achados iniciais desse estudo. (AU)

This study aimed to evaluate patients who underwent placement of zygomatic implants technique by Stella & Warner, considering the survival of conventional and zygomatic implants, sinus health and level of patient satisfaction in relation to oral rehabilitation. We evaluated 28 patients where 14 had received conventional and zygomatic implants, being rehabilitated with implant-fixed dentures (group 1) and 14 were rehabilitated only with conventional implants and implant-fixed dentures (group 2). The study had four phases, represented by radiographic evaluation of implants (stage I), clinical evaluation (stage II), assessing the health of the maxillary sinus (stage III) and a questionnaire to measure satisfaction of rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis implant Total -backed (stage IV). Group 2 underwent only stage IV, while group 1 participated in all stages. Descriptive analysis and statistics were performed, using the t test for independent samples in the evaluation of phase IV. The results demonstrated that the technique of Stella & Warner proved effective, allowing a high survival rate of conventional implants and zygomatic (100%), considering a minimum follow-up of 15 months and maximum 53 months after prosthetic rehabilitation. There were no pathological changes in tissues periimplants conventional and zygomatic implants analyzed. Radiographic findings showed satisfactory levels bone implants in the oral rehabilitation with conventional zygomatic implants and a good positioning of the apex of the zygomatic implants over the zygomatic bone. The presence of the zygomatic implant did not cause sinus and the t test showed a satisfaction index lower in group 1 compared with group 2. The zygomatic implant placement technique by Stella & Warner proved to be a predictable technique with high survival rate in patients with atrophic jaws, necessitating long-term follow-up to confirm the initial findings of the study. (AU)

Recirculación en rinosinusitis maxilar / Mucus recirculation in maxillary rhinosinusitis

Introducción: La recirculación de moco entre el ostium natural del seno maxilar y otras aberturas en el seno, altera el transporte mucociliar normal, favorece su acumula-ción y sobreinfección, perpetuando el fenómeno inflamatorio. Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de pacientes con rinosinusitis maxilar crónica y/o aguda recurrente cuyo estudio reveló recirculación maxilar. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Se revisaron historias clínicas, nasofibroscopías, informes radiológicos y hallazgos operatorios. Resultados: Ocho pacientes con edad promedio de 43 años. El 100%% presentó antecedente de cirugía que involucraba el seno maxilar. Todos se presentaron como rinosinusitis maxilar crónica y/o aguda con reagudizaciones frecuentes (3 episodios/ año). El diagnóstico se realizó mediante nasofibroscopía que evidenció recirculación de moco entre ostium natural y accesorio. Cinco pacientes se sometieron a cirugía endoscópica para unir el ostium accesorio (OA) al natural, disminuyendo el número de exacerbaciones. Conclusión: La recirculación maxilar se debe sospechar en pacientes con diagnóstico de rinosinusitis maxilar crónica y/o aguda recurrente con antecedente de cirugías que involucren el seno maxilar. Su diagnóstico se basa en la observación de recirculación de moco a la nasofibroscopía. El manejo es quirúrgico y dependerá de la ubicación del OA y de la permeabilidad del ostium natural.

Introduction: Recirculation of mucus between the maxillary sinus natural ostium and adjacent openings disturbs mucociliary clearence leading to secretions accumulation and persistent infection, perpetuating the inflammatory phenomenon. Aim: Describe our experience in the diagnosis and treatment ofpatients with maxillary rhinosinusitis (chronic or acute recurrent) and maxillary recirculation. Material and method: Descriptive and retrospective study. Clinical records, radiologic characteristic, nasal endoscopies and surgical findings were reviewed. Results: 8 patients, mean age of 43 years. All of them had prior history of maxillary sinus surgery. Clinical presentation was maxillary rhinosinusitis, chronic or acute, with frequent episodes ofreagudization (3 episodes/year). The diagnosis was made by endoscopic nasal examination that showed mucus recirculation between natural and accessory ostium. Endoscopic sinus surgery was done in 5patients in order to communicate the accessory to the natural ostium, leading to a decrease in the number of exacerbations. Conclusions: Maxillary recirculation must be suspected in patients with maxillary rhinosinusitis (chronic or acute recurrent) who have had prior surgical procedures that involve the maxillary sinus. The diagnosis is based on the observation of the recirculation phenomenon in the nasal endoscopy. The treatment is surgical and depends on the location of the accessory ostium and the permeability of the natural ostium.

Sinusite do seio maxilar de origem odontogênica / Maxillary sinus disease with odontogenic origin

Introdução: devido à íntima relação dos ápices radiculares dos dentes posterossuperiores com o seio maxilar, algumas sinusites maxilares podem ser de origem odontogênica, como extrações dentárias e lesões periodontais e periapicais (abscessos, granulomas e cistos radiculares). A tomografia computadorizada é o exame de escolha no auxílio do diagnóstico das sinusopatias. Objetivo: o objetivo desse trabalho é avaliar os aspectos que caracterizam uma sinusite odontogênica por meio de um relato de caso clínico

Cierre de una fístula oroantral usando cemento óseo y un colgajo de mucosa yugal / Closure of an oroantral fistula using bone cement and a jugal mucosa flap

Una fístula oroantral es una solución de continuidad patológica entre el seno maxilar y la cavidad oral, producida frecuentemente tras una extracción dentaria, en la mayoría de los casos, del primer o segundo molar. El síntoma más común que provoca es una sinusitis aguda, que evolucionará a la cronicidad si la fístula permanece. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante endoscopia transalveolar, ortopantografía o tomografía computarizada dental. Su cierre quirúrgico es necesario cuando la fístula tiene más de 3 mm, o no sella por sí misma en 3 semanas. Existen, para ello, varias técnicas, usando distintos materiales y colgajos, cuyo fin es ocluir, tanto el defecto óseo, como el mucoso, para solucionar así a la vez la fístula y el problema sinusal(AU)

The oroantral fistula is a solution of pathological continuity between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity, frequently produced after a teeth extraction in most of cases of the first or second molars. The commonest symptom provoked is an acute sinusitis evolving to chronicity if the fistula remains. The diagnosis is made by transalveolar, orthopantography or dental computerized tomography. Its surgical closure is necessary when the fistula has more than 3 mm or not seal by itself in three weeks. For it, there are some techniques using different materials and flaps where its objective is to occlude the bone defect as well as the mucous one thus solving the fistula and the sinus problem(AU)

Aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus: review and case report.

A case of non-invasive aspergillosis affecting the maxillary sinus is presented. Reference is made to its possible aetiology (spores introduced to the antrum at the time of a root canal overfilling with a zinc oxide paste). A review is presented and the management of the case is described.

Sinusitis maxilar: correlación entre la radiografía simple y la punción lavado transmeática / Maxillary sinusitis: correlation between plain radiographs and washing puncture transmeática

En el presente trabajo se muestra una apuesta al día de la embriología y anatomía de los senos paranasales. Se hace una evaluación de la fisiología de los senos paranasales y de los medios diagnósticos con que se cuenta para la evaluación de la diferentes enfermedades de estos senos. Así mismo se evalúan como objetivos la utilidad de la radiofrafía simple como ayuda diagnóstico en los de sinusitis predominantemente maxilar con presencia de secreciones en su cavidad. Se deteriminó si existían factores que pudieran dar imágenes falsas positivas en los estudios radiográficos realizados y 3. Se evaluó si se presentaban complicaciones durante la realización de la punción lavado transmeática de los senos maxilares explorados.

This research shows un update of the embryology and anatomy of the paranasal sinus. An evaluation of the physiology is also made. It evaluates the diagnosis mediums which are used to identify the various sicknesses of this sinus . x-rays as an aid to diagnose maxillary sinusitis presented with secretions in its cavity. The existence of disturbing factors which could modify the x-rays images. The existence of possible complications during the trasmeatic puncture washing of the maxillary sinus explored.

Sinusite aguda / Acute sinusitis

A sinusite aguda é uma das mais prevalentes afecções inflamatório/infecciosas que acometem o ser humano e que pode ocorrer ao longo de todo o ano. Merece, portanto, destaque e constante pesquisa e atualização entre os profissionais da saúde relacionados a este tema. Os autores fazem estudo da revisão da literatura científica sobre sinusite aguda. Aspectos anatômicos, fisiológicos, de desenvolvimento dos seios paranasais, bem como métodos diagnósticos e terapêuticos relacionados a sinusite aguda e suas principais complicações são revisados e apresentados.

Sinusitis maxilar crónica de origen dentario. Reporte de un caso / Chronic maxillary sinusitis of dental origin. Report of a case

Los senos paranasales, llamados cavidades anexas a las fosas nasales, que en un número de ocho, cuatro a cada lado, se distinguen en: Seno Maxilar, Etmoidal, Frontal y Esfenoidal. Estos pueden estar afectados por un gran número de agentes infecciosos como virus, bacterias y hongos. Las lesiones inflamatorias que afectan los Senos Paranasales reciben la denominación genérica de Sinusitis y pueden instalarse en las cavidades sinusales utilizando la vía nasal, bucal u odontógena, externa o facial y hematógena. A través de estas vías de acceso, las infecciones penetran los diferentes senos y la forma clínica toma el nombre del seno afectado. Cuando la sinusitis abarca todas las cavidades recibe el nombre de Pansinusitis. Como fuentes dentarias de sinusitis maxilar han sido consideradas los abscesos periapicales, infección periapical crónica, lesiones periodontales extensas, o perforación del piso o mucosa antral de éste en el momento de una extracción dental. Se presenta un caso de esta entidad en una paciente de 45 años de edad, con sintomatología referente a Sinusitis de larga data. Se le realizaron estudios radiográficos, donde se evidenció la presencia de un canino superior derecho incluido como posible causa de la enfermedad. Se indicó tratamiento quirúrgico con antibioticoterapia, observándose mejoría del cuadro clínico y se pudo concluir que se trataba de una Sinusitis Crónica de origen dentario