RESUMEN
Laser scanning based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) scanners has become very attractive for biomedical endoscopic imaging, such as confocal microscopy or Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). These scanners are required to be fast to achieve real-time image reconstruction while working at low actuation voltage to comply with medical standards. In this context, we report a 2-axis Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) electrothermal micro-scannercapable of imaging large fields of view at high frame rates, e.g. from 10 to 80 frames per second. For this purpose, Lissajous scan parameters are chosen to provide the optimal image quality within the scanner capabilities and the sampling rate limit, resulting from the limited A-scan rate of typical swept-sources used for OCT. Images of 233 px × 203 px and 53 px × 53 px at 10 fps and 61 fps, respectively, are experimentally obtained and demonstrate the potential of this micro-scannerfor high definition and high frame rate endoscopic Lissajous imaging.
Asunto(s)
Sistemas Microelectromecánicos/métodos , Imagen Óptica/métodos , Sistemas de Computación , Endoscopios , Endoscopía/métodos , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador , Sistemas Microelectromecánicos/instrumentación , Sistemas Microelectromecánicos/estadística & datos numéricos , Microscopía Confocal/instrumentación , Microscopía Confocal/métodos , Microscopía Confocal/estadística & datos numéricos , Dispositivos Ópticos , Imagen Óptica/instrumentación , Imagen Óptica/estadística & datos numéricos , Fenómenos Ópticos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/instrumentación , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/métodos , Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
This review presents the current state of the conventional methods, microfluidic based biosensors, and the commercial products used in the detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which is one of the most important threats of nosocomial infections in many parts of the world. The early detection of MRSA in the specimens of the patients is important to enable the appropriate treatment, to decrease morbidity and mortality rates, and to manage control actions in the healthcare units. Thus, rapid and inexpensive diagnostic systems with high sensitivity and specificity are essential to prevent MRSA to be an emerging public health threat. The design and fabrication of new diagnostic systems necessitates working in collaboration between different disciplines to make new challenges in the field of clinical diagnosis and to meet the demands of clinicians. It is certain that in the near future, MEMS and nanotechnology based detection methods will take the place of current methods in clinical diagnosis. The evaluation of new trends for specificity, sensitivity, cost effectiveness, disposability, low weight, ease of use, and facile access should be taken into consideration.
