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2.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev ; 88(2): e0009523, 2024 Jun 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38506551

RESUMEN

SUMMARYThe genus Streptococcus consists of a taxonomically diverse group of Gram-positive bacteria that have earned significant scientific interest due to their physiological and pathogenic characteristics. Within the genus Streptococcus, viridans group streptococci (VGS) play a significant role in the oral ecosystem, constituting approximately 80% of the oral biofilm. Their primary role as pioneering colonizers in the oral cavity with multifaceted interactions like adherence, metabolic signaling, and quorum sensing contributes significantly to the complex dynamics of the oral biofilm, thus shaping oral health and disease outcomes. Perturbations in oral streptococci composition drive oral dysbiosis and therefore impact host-pathogen interactions, resulting in oral inflammation and representing VGS as an opportunistic pathogen. The association of oral streptococci in tumors across distant organs, spanning the esophagus, stomach, pancreas, and colon, illuminates a potential association between oral streptococci, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. This finding emphasizes the need for further investigations into the role of oral streptococci in mucosal homeostasis and their involvement in carcinogenesis. Hence, here, we review the significance of oral streptococci in biofilm dynamics and how the perturbation may impact mucosal immunopathogenesis in the context of cancer, with a vision of exploiting oral streptococci for cancer intervention and for the development of non-invasive cancer diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Biopelículas , Carcinogénesis , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Boca , Streptococcus , Humanos , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Boca/microbiología , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus/fisiología , Neoplasias/microbiología , Animales , Disbiosis/microbiología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/microbiología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/inmunología , Estreptococos Viridans/fisiología , Estreptococos Viridans/patogenicidad
3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 35(4): 467-475, July-Aug. 2022. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385281

RESUMEN

Abstract Background Infective endocarditis (IE) is a disease with high morbimortality and an increasing incidence. With improved diagnosis and treatment, a number of epidemiological changes have been reported over time. Objectives We sought to describe the epidemiological profile, mortality predictors, and analysis of a possible microbiological transition in patients admitted to three tertiary centers in Brazil. Methods In this cross-sectional retrospective study, data from 211 patients with definite or probable IE were analyzed according to the modified Duke criteria between 2003 and 2017. The association between categorical variables was assessed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test, and binary logistic models were built to investigate mortality. We considered p <0.05 statistically significant. Results The median age of the sample was 48 (33-59) years old, 70.6% were men, and the most prevalent pathogen was Staphylococcus spp. (19%). Mortality was 22.3%, with increasing age being the leading risk factor for death (p = 0.028). Regarding the location of the disease, native valves were the most affected site, with the aortic valve being more affected in men than women (p = 0.017). The mean number of cases of Staphylococcus spp. (τ = 0.293, p = 0.148) and Streptococcus spp. (τ = -0.078, p = 0.727) has remained stable over the years. Conclusion No trend towards reduced or increased mortality was evident between 2003 and 2017. Although Staphylococcus spp. were the most prevalent pathogen, the expected epidemiological transition could not be observed.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Staphylococcus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Endocarditis/epidemiología , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Endocarditis/complicaciones , Endocarditis/diagnóstico
4.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(4): 404-407, 26/11/2021.
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362150

RESUMEN

Introduction Low-velocity penetrating brain injury is not prevalent. In some conditions such as childhood, and with the penetration of a pellet in weak spots of skull, low-velocity penetrating brain injury is expected; however, high-velocity projectiles have also been reported as the cause of severe brain injuries. One of the complications of penetrating brain injury is infection, in which different types ofmicroorganisms play a role. The Streptococcus genus is the leading cause of abscess formation in nontraumatic patients. Multiple brain abscesses are not common. Case Presentation A 10-year-old boy with penetrating brain injury caused by an air gun pellet, who developed signs and symptoms of high intracranial pressure 18 days after the trauma. After the imaging scans and the detection of multiple brain abscesses and severe brain edema, prompt surgical intervention was performed for all three lesions in a single operation. The culture of a pus specimen was positive for Streptococcus species, and, with adequate antibiotic therapy, the patient was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Conclusion Brain injurywith air gun shot is not prevalent. The penetration of a low-velocity air gun pellet in weak points of the skull (such as the orbit, the squamous portion of the temporal bone, and the cranial suture), specially in children, can cause significant brain injuries.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Absceso Encefálico/cirugía , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/cirugía , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/etiología , Fracturas Craneales/cirugía , Fracturas Craneales/etiología , Fracturas Craneales/diagnóstico por imagen , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Absceso Encefálico/etiología , Absceso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagen
6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(1): 20-28, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-888093

RESUMEN

Este trabalho relata o desenvolvimento e a avaliação de um ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA) como ferramenta auxiliar no controle da adenite equina. Foi avaliada a presença de anticorpos anti-Streptococcus equi subsp. equi em equinos com doença clínica de garrotilho, portadores assintomáticos e potros vacinados. Equinos doentes demonstraram absorbâncias médias superiores (P<0,05) às médias observadas nas demais categorias examinadas. Equinos portadores assintomáticos apresentaram valores médios de absorbância superiores (P<0,05) aos animais com cultura negativa. Logo após a vacinação, potros apresentaram elevação nos níveis de anticorpos, seguida de um decréscimo nos níveis 90 dias após a segunda vacinação. O "Cell ELISA" foi eficiente para a detecção de anticorpos em equinos expostos a antígenos de S. equi, diferenciando-se de infecções por S. zooepidemicus. O "Cell ELISA" mostrou-se uma alternativa clínica para o diagnóstico indireto da adenite equina, diferenciando-se, entre equinos assintomáticos, os potenciais portadores da infecção. Os resultados observados em potros vacinados confirmam o potencial de utilização desse teste como ferramenta em programas de vacinação contra garrotilho pelo monitoramento de rebanhos pós-vacinação. Esses resultados sugerem que o "Cell ELISA" é uma promissora ferramenta auxiliar no controle da adenite equina.(AU)


This study reports the development and evaluation of the use of "Cell ELISA" as a tool for clinical interpretation for the control of strangles. The presence of anti-S. equi antibodies was evaluated in horses with strangles, in asymptomatic carriers and in vaccinated foals. Equine positive for strangle showed higher average of absorbance (P<0.05) when compared with the average for the other categories of horses studied. Asymptomatic S. equi equine carriers had higher average of absorbance (P<0.05) than equines with negative culture. After vaccination, foals presented an increase in antibody levels, followed by a decrease in antibody levels 90 days post the second vaccination. The "Cell ELISA" was efficient for the detection of antibodies in horses exposed to S. equi antigens, differentiating infections with S. zooepidemicus. Thus, the test might be a clinical tool for indirect diagnosis of the strangles, differentiating, between the asymptomatic horses, the potential carriers of infection. The results observed in vaccinated foals confirm the potential use of this test as an auxiliary instrument for strangles vaccination programs based in the serological monitoring of the herd after immunization. These results suggest that the "Cell ELISA" is a promising auxiliary tool in the control of equine adenitis.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Caballos/inmunología , Caballos/microbiología
7.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 48(4): 279-289, dic. 2016. ilus, graf, tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-843174

RESUMEN

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) has virulence factors similar to those of Streptococcus pyogenes. Therefore, it causes pharyngitis and severe infections indistinguishable from those caused by the classic pathogen. The objectives of this study were: to know the prevalence of SDSE invasive infections in Argentina, to study the genetic diversity, to determine the presence of virulence genes, to study antibiotic susceptibility and to detect antibiotic resistance genes. Conventional methods of identification were used. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion and the agar dilution methods and the E-test. Twenty eight centers from 16 Argentinean cities participated in the study. Twenty three isolates (16 group G and 7 group C) were obtained between July 1 2011 and June 30 2012. Two adult patients died (8.7%). Most of the isolates were recovered from blood (60.9%). All isolates carried speJ and ssa genes. stG62647, stG653 and stG840 were the most frequent emm types. Nineteen different PFGE patterns were detected. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin and levofloxacin, 6 (26.1%) showed resistance or reduced susceptibility to erythromycin --#91;1 mef(A), 3 erm(TR), 1 mef(A) + erm(TR) and 1 erm(TR) + erm(B)--#93; and 7 (30.4%) were resistant or exhibited reduced susceptibility to tetracycline --#91;2 tet(M), 5 tet(M) + tet(O)--#93;. The prevalence in Argentina was of at least 23 invasive infections by SDSE. A wide genetic diversity was observed. All isolates carried speJ and ssa genes. Similarly to other studies, macrolide resistance (26.1%) was mainly associated to the MLS B phenotype.


Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) posee factores de virulencia similares a Streptococcus pyogenes y, en consecuencia, produce faringitis e infecciones graves indistinguibles de las generadas por este patógeno clásico. Los objetivos del estudio fueron conocer la prevalencia de SDSE en infecciones invasivas en Argentina, estudiar su diversidad genética, determinar la presencia de genes de virulencia, ensayar su sensibilidad a los antibióticos y conocer los genes de resistencia. Se emplearon métodos convencionales de identificación. La sensibilidad se determinó por difusión, Etest y dilución en agar. Participaron 28 centros de 16 ciudades argentinas. Se obtuvieron 23 aislamientos (16 del grupo G y 7 del grupo C) desde el 1-7-2011 hasta el 30-6-2012. Se registraron 2 muertes en adultos (8,7%). La mayoría de los aislamientos fueron obtenidos de sangre (60,9%). Todos eran portadores de los genes speJ y ssa. Los genotipos más frecuentes fueron stG62647, stG653 y stG840. Se detectaron 19 pulsotipos distintos. Todos los aislamientos fueron sensibles a penicilina y levofloxacina, 6 (26,1%) presentaron resistencia o sensibilidad disminuida a eritromicina (1 mef--#91;A--#93;, 3 erm--#91;TR--#93;, 1 mef--#91;A--#93; + erm--#91;TR--#93; y 1 erm--#91;TR--#93; + erm--#91;B--#93;) y 7 (30,4%) fueron resistentes o tuvieron sensibilidad disminuida a tetraciclina (2 tet--#91;M--#93;, 5 tet--#91;M--#93; + tet--#91;O--#93;). La prevalencia anual en la Argentina fue de al menos 23 infecciones invasivas por SDSE y se observó una amplia diversidad genética. Todos los aislamientos presentaron los genes ssa y speJ. Como en otros estudios, la resistencia a macrólidos (26,1%) estuvo asociada, principalmente, al fenotipo MLS B.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/clasificación , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Argentina , Streptococcus/genética , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Estudios Transversales/métodos
10.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 17(66): e125-e128, abr.-jun. 2015.
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-137525

RESUMEN

La faringoamigdalitis aguda (FAA) es una de las enfermedades más comunes en la infancia. En las guías clínicas el límite de edad para considerar realizar una prueba de detección rápida es a partir de los tres años, ya que se ha visto que por debajo de esta edad, salvo en casos seleccionados, la probabilidad de infección bacteriana es baja, y los riesgos de fiebre reumática al no tratar son inexistentes. Existe una salvedad a esta situación, que queremos recalcar, y son los pacientes menores de tres años sintomáticos, que tienen contacto próximo (familiar o guardería) afecto de faringoamigdalitis estreptocócica. Creemos importante considerar y tener en cuenta la realización de test diagnóstico y posterior tratamiento a este grupo de pacientes, no para prevenir complicaciones, si no para disminuir el riesgo de diseminación de la infección (AU)


Acute pharyngitis is one of the most common childhood diseases. Guidelines on the diagnosis of children with streptococcal pharyngitis sugges that the most recommended age to perform a rapid antigen detection is more than three years old, because among children younger than this age the possibility/likelihood of bacterial infection is very low and the risk of acute rheumatic fever is also very low. There is an exception of this situation that we want to remark: patients younger than 3 years old, symptomatic, with a close contact (sibling or kindergarten) with group A Streptococcal pharyngitis. It’s important considering the performance of a rapid antigen detection test and the treatment if positive, not just to prevent complications, but also for the reduction in the transmission of the disease to family members, classmates and other close contacts of the patient (AU)


Asunto(s)
Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Faringitis/diagnóstico , Antipiréticos/uso terapéutico , Hiperemia/complicaciones , Amoxicilina/uso terapéutico , Antiestreptolisina/metabolismo , Antiestreptolisina/uso terapéutico , Rinitis/complicaciones , Tonsilitis/complicaciones , Tonsilitis/diagnóstico , Tonsilitis/terapia , Tonsilitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Hiperemia/diagnóstico , Rinitis/diagnóstico , Tonsilitis/fisiopatología , Infecciones Neumocócicas/complicaciones , Faringitis/prevención & control , Infecciones Neumocócicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus
12.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 32(5): 297-301, mayo 2014. tab
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-124469

RESUMEN

OBJETIVOS: Comprobar si existen diferencias en la presentación clínica, microbiología y morbimortalidad intrahospitalaria de la endocarditis infecciosa entre 2 centros españoles, uno peninsular y con cirugía cardiaca y otro en Canarias que debe derivar a los pacientes quirúrgicos. Método Estudio retrospectivo de 229 pacientes con endocarditis, incluidos pediátricos, ingresados de forma consecutiva en los hospitales Reina Sofía de Córdoba (n = 119) y Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, en Tenerife (n = 110), entre 2005 y 2012. Se compararon las variables clínicas, microbiológicas y ecocardiográficas y se analizaron las diferencias de mortalidad mediante un análisis de regresión logística binaria. Resultados No hubo diferencias en la cardiopatía predisponente, en la proporción de casos intervenidos ni en el perfil microbiológico. En el hospital canario la proporción de infecciones por catéter fue mayor (13,6% vs 3,4%), así como la mortalidad global (31,8% vs 18,5%; p = 0,020). Esta diferencia de mortalidad entre hospitales dejó de resultar significativa en el análisis multivariable (OR = 1,85; IC 95%, 0,70-4,87; p = 0,213), siendo la edad (OR por año = 1,04; IC 95%, 1,01-1,07; p = 0,006), las complicaciones cardiacas (OR = 5,05; IC 95%, 1,78-14,34; p = 0,002), la sepsis persistente (OR = 4,89; IC 95%, 2,09-11,46; p < 0,001) y la cirugía emergente (OR = 4,43; IC 95%, 1,75-11,19; p = 0,002) predictores independientes de muerte. El tiempo hasta la cirugía, mayor en el hospital sin servicio quirúrgico (20 [13-30,5] vs 13 [6-25] días; p = 0,019) no se asoció con el desenlace. Conclusiones Existen diferencias en la presentación de la endocarditis entre 2 hospitales españoles distantes. La ausencia de servicio quirúrgico no puede relacionarse directamente con la distinta evolución intrahospitalaria


OBJECTIVES: To assess possible differences in clinical presentation, microbiology, morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis between two Spanish hospitals, one on the mainland that has cardiac surgery and one in the Canary Islands without this service. METHOD: A total of 229 patients consecutively diagnosed of endocarditis between 2005 and 2012, including pediatric population, were studied in the Reina Sofía Hospital (Córdoba, n = 119) and Nuestra Señora de Candelaria Hospital (Tenerife, n = 110). We compared the clinical, microbiological and echocardiographic data and analyzed mortality differences by binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: There were no differences in underlying heart disease, proportion of surgery, or the microbiological profile. The proportion of infections attributable to catheter was higher in the Canary Islands hospital (13.6% vs 3.4%). Mortality was also higher (31.8% vs 18.5%, P=.020), although this difference was no longer significant in the multivariate analysis (OR = 1.85; 95%CI, 0.70-4.87; P = .213). Age (OR = 1.04/year; 95%CI, 1.01-1.07; P=.006), cardiac complications (OR = 5.05; 95%CI, 1.78-14.34; P=.002), persistent sepsis (OR = 4.89; 95%CI, 2.09-11.46; P < .001), and emergent surgery (OR = 4.43, 95%CI, 1.75-11.19; P = .002) were independent predictors of death. Time to surgery, length of stay in the hospital without a surgical service (20 [13-30.5] vs 13 [6-25] days; P = .019) was not associated with outcome. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the presentation of endocarditis between two distant hospitals in Spain. The different hospital mortality can not be directly related to the presence of a surgery service


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Endocarditis Bacteriana/epidemiología , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Staphylococcus aureus/patogenicidad , Infección Hospitalaria/mortalidad , Indicadores de Morbimortalidad , Estadísticas Hospitalarias , Estudios Retrospectivos
13.
An. bras. dermatol ; 89(2): 293-299, Mar-Apr/2014. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-706993

RESUMEN

Impetigo is a common cutaneous infection that is especially prevalent in children. Historically, impetigo is caused by either group A β-hemolytic streptococci or Staphylococcus aureus. Currently, the most frequently isolated pathogen is S. aureus. This article discusses the microbiologic and virulence factors of group A β-hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus, clinical characteristics, complications, as well as the approach to diagnosis and management of impetigo. Topical agents for impetigo therapy are reviewed.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Impétigo/patología , Impétigo/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Staphylococcus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Administración Tópica , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Impétigo/microbiología
16.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 18(4): 557-563, jul. 2013. ilus, tab
Artículo en Inglés | IBECS | ID: ibc-114474

RESUMEN

Objectives: To study the preventive effects of chlorhexidine against root caries under oral biofilm in an artificial mouth. Study Design: Sixteen human tooth-root disks were inoculated with a salivary sample that was produced by mixing the unstimulated saliva of three adults who had no untreated caries. The disks were incubated in an artificial mouth fed with a 5% sucrose solution three times daily for one week. Eight disks received a twice daily rinse of 0.12% chlorhexidine (test group). The other eight disks were rinsed in distilled water (control). The biofilm was then studied with three techniques: colony forming unit (CFU) counting, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The changes in the chemical structure of the root surface were studied using Fourier transform infra-Red spectroscopy. Type-I collagen and proteoglycans on the root surface were quantified using immunocytochemical staining. Results: The log CFU for the test and control groups were 4.21 and 8.27, respectively (p<0.001). The CFU count of Streptococci and Lactobacilli were negligible. Both the SEM and the CLSM showed suppressed bacteria growth in the test group. The log [amide-I: HPO42-] of the test and control groups were 1.11 and 1.93, respectively (p=0.02). The mean counts of sound type-I collagen in the test and control groups were 16.8/μm2 and 13.0/μm2, respectively (p<0.001), whereas the mean counts of intact proteoglycans were 5.6/μm2 and 3.5/μm2, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusions: Chlorhexidine suppressed the growth of selected cariogenic bacteria in oral biofilm on the root surface and thus protected tooth-root from cariogenic challenge (AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Caries Radicular/prevención & control , Placa Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Clorhexidina/uso terapéutico , Factores de Riesgo , Desmineralización Dental , Lactobacillus/patogenicidad , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Proteoglicanos , Colágeno Tipo I , Pautas de la Práctica en Odontología
17.
Allergol. immunopatol ; 40(6): 341-345, nov.-dic. 2012. tab
Artículo en Inglés | IBECS | ID: ibc-107713

RESUMEN

Background: The primary role of infections in chronic urticaria (CU) is controversial. We hypothesised that streptococcal tonsillitis (ST) could be a primary cause of CU or acute recurrent urticaria (ARU). Methods: Retrospective study of 14 outpatients observed between January 2000 and December 2009, with CU/ARU and clinical and/or laboratorial suspicion of an aetiopathogenic link with ST. Clinical history, objective examination and laboratorial study were looked for. Three groups were defined: spontaneous resolution of urticaria, resolution after tonsillectomy, and still symptomatic. Results: In these patients, a causal relationship between ST and urticaria is supported by: markers of streptococcal infection, the perception of a clinical relationship between tonsillitis and urticaria, the decrease of urticaria severity with early antibiotherapy to tonsillitis and urticaria resolution after tonsillectomy. Conclusions: Our study encourages the investigation of tonsillitis in these otherwise idiopathic patients, especially until young adulthood and even in the absence of any symptoms(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/complicaciones , Urticaria/etiología , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Urticaria/inmunología , Urticaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Angioedema/etiología , Angioedema/microbiología , Estudios Retrospectivos
19.
Sanid. mil ; 68(1): 17-21, ene.-mar. 2012. tab, graf
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-99595

RESUMEN

Introducción: Los estreptococos son responsables de diversos procesos infecciosos en nuestra comunidad, algunos de ellos de importante repercusión como fiebre reumática, endocarditis, glomerulonefritis, alopecia o escarlatina, que pueden suponer incluso epidemias en comunidades que conviven cercanas como los escolares. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio ha sido estudiar la frecuencia y variabilidad de los distintos grupos de estreptococos beta-hemolíticos en escolares portadores (12-18 años) de diferentes colegios de la población de San Fernando, así como la sensibilidad antibiótica de los microorganismos detectados. Material y Método: Se tomaron muestras a 160 escolares de ambos sexos que fueron sembradas e incubadas durante 48 horas. Se realizó coloración de Gram, prueba de catalasa, y sensibilidad a bacitracina. Los serogrupos se identificaron mediante pruebas de aglutinación, utilizando el kit Oxoid. Para la sensibilidad se utilizaron discos Becton-Dickinson con diversos antibióticos. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 34 muestras positivas en las que se aislaron 6 cepas de estreptococo beta-hemolítico grupo A, (3,75%), 2 cepas del grupo B, 5 del grupo C, 10 del grupo F, 6 del grupo G y 5 no agrupables (a los que dimos importancia por la abundancia de colonias crecidas que presentaban en placa). No siendo especialmente significativo, encontramos que hay una frecuencia mayor de estreptococos de los grupos A y G en varones y de los grupos C y F en mujeres. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de los estreptococos beta-hemolíticos de los grupos B, C, F, G y los no agrupables aislados, presentan un porcentaje mayor con respecto a los estudios realizados en otras ciudades. Respecto a las cepas de S. pyogenes estudiadas, encontramos una tasa de sensibilidad y resistencia imilar a la de las ciudades descritas, pero menor que la del estudio realizado en Valencia en el 2002 (AU)


Introduction: Streptococci are responsible for different infectious diseases in the community; some of them with serious consequences as rheumatic fever, endocarditis, glomerulonefritis, alopecia or scarlet fever, and have the potential to cause outbreaks in closed communities like school children. Objectives: the objective of this study was to determine the frequency and variability of the different groups of beta-hemolytic streptococci in carrier school children (12-18 years old) in different schools in the town of San Fernando, as well as their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Material and Methods: samples taken from 160 school children of both sexes were cultured and incubated for 48 hours. Gram stains, catalase tests and bacitracin sensitivity tests were carried out. Serogroups were identified by agglutination tests using the Oxoid kit. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined with Becton-Dickinson discs with different antibiotics. Results: from 34 positive samples we isolated 6 group A beta hemolytic streptococci strains (3,75%), 2 group B strains, 5 group C, 10 group F, 6 group G and 5 non-groupables (considered important due to the abundance of colonies on the plate). Although not significant we found a higher frequency of groups A and G streptococci in males and groups C and F in females. Conclusions: the frequency of the isolated groups B, C, F, G and non-groupable beta hemolytic streptococci represents a higher percentage in comparison with studies carried out in other cities. As for the strains of S. Pyogenes we found antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance rates similar to those of other cities, but lower than that of the Valencia study in 2002 (AU)


Asunto(s)
Niño , Adolescente , Humanos , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/epidemiología , Portador Sano/epidemiología , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana , Servicios de Salud Escolar
20.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 211(11): 572-578, dic. 2011.
Artículo en Español | IBECS | ID: ibc-93692

RESUMEN

Objetivos. Precisar las características clínicas de los pacientes con absceso del músculo psoas (AP) y las posibles diferencias existentes entre los AP piógenos o tuberculosos. Pacientes y métodos. Revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes diagnosticados de AP en un hospital (1983-2009). Se establecieron dos grupos, piógenos y tuberculosos, y se compararon sus hallazgos clínicos, analíticos y evolución. Resultados. Se incluyeron 30 pacientes con AP, 25 piógenos y 5 tuberculosos, En 9 ocasiones fueron primarios y en 21 secundarios (a patología esquelética en 8 a patología urológica en 8 y a gastrointestinal en 8). No se observaron diferencias clínicas entre ambos grupos. Los pacientes con AP piógenos tendieron a tener mayores cifras de leucocitos (13.871 vs. 8.560/mm3, p=0,018) y de velocidad de sedimentación globular (VSG) (108 vs. 17mm/h, p<0,0001) y menores de hemoglobina (11 vs. 14g/dL, p=0,008) Se diagnosticaron por tomografía computarizada (TC) en 29 pacientes y por resonancia magnética en 1, ambas con una sensibilidad diagnóstica del 100%, frente al 50% de la ecografía. La lateralidad izquierda fue menos frecuente en los AP piógenos (44 vs. 100%, p=0,031). Los hemocultivos y el cultivo de pus del absceso fueron positivos en el 22% y 82% de las ocasiones en las que se realizó. Los gérmenes aislados con más frecuencia fueron bacilos gramnegativos, Streptococcus spp. y S. aureus. El 50% de los casos fueron drenados percutáneamente, el 13% quirúrgicamente y el 3% por ambas técnicas. Fallecieron 2 pacientes, ambos con absceso piógeno. Conclusiones. Los abscesos piógenos secundarios constituyen el grupo de AP más frecuente. La TC es el procedimiento diagnóstico de elección. La presencia de leucocitosis, anemia, VSG elevada y la lateralidad derecha sugieren etiología piógena. El drenaje percutáneo está sustituyendo al quirúrgico y permite obtener muestras diagnósticas(AU)


Objectives. To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with abscess on the psoas muscle (PA) and to identify the possible differences existing between pyogenic and tuberculous etiologies. Patients and methods. A retrospective review of patients diagnosed of PA in one hospital was conducted (1983-2009). Two groups were established, that is pyogenic and tuberculous, and the clinical findings, analyses and evolution were compared. Results. Thirty PA were included, 83% pyogenic and 17% tuberculous, average age 53 years. On 9 occasions, 30% were primary and on 21 occasions, 70% secondary (to skeletal pathology in 8, to urological in 8 and to gastrointestinal in 8). No clinical differences were observed between both groups. Pyogenic and tuberculous etiologies were differentiated analytically through leukocyte values (13,871 vs. 8,560/mm3, p=0.018), hemoglobin (11 vs. 14g/dL, p=0.008) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (108 vs. 17mm/h, p<0.0001). Abscesses were diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) in 29 patients (97%) and by magnetic resonance in 1 (3%), both with a diagnostic sensitivity of 100%, as opposed to 50% for ultrasound scanning. Left laterality was less frequent in pyogenic abscesses (44% vs. 100%, p=0.031). The blood cultures were positive in 22% and abscess pus culture in 82%. Gram negative bacilli, Streptococcus spp. and S. aureus were the most frequent isolations. A total of 67% were drained: transcutaneously 50%, surgically 13% and both techniques 3%. Two patients died (7%), both with pyogenic abscess. Conclusions. Secondary pyogenic abscesses constitute the most frequent PA group. CT is the diagnostic procedure of choice. Leukocytosis, anemia, raised ESR and right laterality suggest pyogenic etiology. Transcutaneous drainage is substituting surgical drainage and also makes it possible to obtain diagnostic samples(AU)


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Prácticas Clínicas/métodos , Músculos Psoas/patología , Músculos Psoas , Absceso del Psoas/complicaciones , /métodos , Leucocitosis/complicaciones , Infecciones Neumocócicas/complicaciones , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Staphylococcus aureus/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anemia/complicaciones , Streptococcus/patogenicidad , Absceso del Psoas/diagnóstico , Anemia/terapia , Músculos Psoas/citología
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