Septal myectomy and mitral plication through a transaortic approach.

Currently, the gold standard treatment for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in its obstructive variant is a wide septal myectomy through a transaortic approach. In some cases, where mitral regurgitation is added to septal hypertrophy due to systolic anterior movement of the anterior leaflet, concomitant procedures are proposed for the resolution of both. In this tutorial, we present a case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with associated systolic anterior movement that was resolved with septal resection and plication of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve via a transaortic approach.

Late Arterial Switch Surgery Under ECMO Support in a Patient with Transposition of the Great Arteries with Intact Ventricular Septum: a Case Report.

A 30-month-old male patient with transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum (TGA/IVS) is presented. Arterial switch operation (ASO) was performed in the light of echocardiographic and angiographic findings. The patient remained under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for seven days postoperatively, and his cardiac functions returned to normal at the postoperative 10th day. He was discharged at the postoperative 20th day. The present case, which presents one of the most advanced ages at operation for TGA/IVS among previously reported cases, is used to discuss late ASO in this study.

Late arterial switch surgery under ecmo support in a patient with transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum: a case report

Abstract A 30-month-old male patient with transposition of the great arteries with intact ventricular septum (TGA/IVS) is presented. Arterial switch operation (ASO) was performed in the light of echocardiographic and angiographic findings. The patient remained under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for seven days postoperatively, and his cardiac functions returned to normal at the postoperative 10th day. He was discharged at the postoperative 20th day. The present case, which presents one of the most advanced ages at operation for TGA/IVS among previously reported cases, is used to discuss late ASO in this study.

Resultados a corto y mediano plazo del tratamiento de la obstrucción al tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo mediante miectomía videoasistida / Video assisted myectomy for relief of left ventricular tract obstruction in patients with Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Objetivo: Describir nuestra experiencia y evaluar los resultados a corto y mediano plazo de la miecto-mía videoasistida en el tratamiento de la obstrucción del tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo (OTSVI) en pacientes con miocardiopatía hipertrófica. Materiales y métodos: 52 pacientes con edad media de 56,2 (rango 12 - 83) y Euroscore de riesgo de 4,1 +/- 1,92 con diagnóstico de OTSVI fueron intervenidos de manera consecutiva en un mismo centro mediante miectomía videoasistida. Se realizó seguimiento clínico y ecocardiográfico con controles al mes y al año del postoperatorio. Resultados: Entre las patologías asociadas encontramos 11 pacientes con valvulopatía aórtica, 2 con valvulopatía mitral, 3 con cardiopatía isquémica, 1 con aneurisma de aorta ascendente y 1 con foramen oval permeable resueltos en el mismo acto quirúrgico. La mortalidad hospitalaria global fue de 5,8 por ciento (3 pacientes). En el momento de la intervención, 8 (15,4 por ciento) se encontraban en clase funcional II de la NYHA, 42 (80,8 por ciento) en clase III y 2 (3,8 por ciento) en clase IV. El gradiente máximo subaórtico disminuyó de 80,7 mmHg +/- 29,43 en el preoperatorio a 19,0 mmHg +/- 15,57 (p<0,001) en el postoperatorio inmediato, manteniéndose en 14,6 mmHg +/- 8,88 al mes (p<0,001 en relación al preoperatorio) y al año en 13,9 mmHg +/- 7,69 (p<0,001 en relación al preoperatorio). Además, se registró una disminución del grosor del tabique interventricular en diástole de 19,4 mm +/- 3,78 en el preoperatorio a 12,9 mm +/- 2,35 (p<0,001) en el postoperatorio. Todos los pacientes se encontraban en clase funcional I-II al final del seguimiento. Conclusión: Los resultados demuestran que la miectomía videoasistida es un tratamiento seguro para la OTSVI con el que se obtienen resultados favorables a corto y mediano plazo, tanto en parámetros clínicos, como ecocardiográficos.

Aim: To report a clinical experience and to evaluate early and mid term results of video assisted myec-tomy for relief of left ventricular tract obstruction (LVOTO) in patients with Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Methods: 52 patients with Obstructive Car-diomyopathy and a mean age 56.2 years (12 - 83) carrying a Euro score risk of 4.1 +/- (SD 1.92), were consecutively operated on in a single center. Relief of LVOTO was performed with video assisted myec-tomy. Clinical and echocardiographic follow up to 1 year postoperatively was carried out. Results: Apart from the Obstructive Cardiomyo-pathy, 11 patients had aortic valve disease, 2 mitral valve disease, 3 ischemic heart disease, 1 an ascending aortic aneurysm and 1 a patent foramen ovale. All these lesions were surgically repaired in the same surgical act. In hospital mortality was 5.8 percent (3 patients). Pre-operatively 15.4 percent of patients were in NYHA Class II, 80.8 per cent in Class III and 3.8 percent in Class IV. After surgery peak sub aortic gradient decreased from 80.7+/-29.43mmHg to 19.0 +/- 15.57 (p<0.001). Corresponding values were 14.6 +/- 8.88 at 1month and 13.9 +/- 7.69 at 1 year post operatively. Interven-tricular septal thickness in diastole decreased from 19.4 +/- 3.78 mm to 12.9 +/- 2.35 mm after surgery (p<0.001). All patients were Class I or II at the end of follow up. Conclusion: Video assisted myectomy is safe and effective for relief of LVOTO in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Good results are maintained one year after surgery.

The Jurdham procedure: endocardial left ventricular lead insertion via a femoral transseptal sheath for cardiac resynchronization therapy pectoral device implantation.

BACKGROUND: Endocardial stimulation of the left ventricle for cardiac resynchronization therapy is a growing field of investigation. Despite the excellent results and absence of significant complications demonstrated thus far in the literature, the lack of a simple, straightforward, and standard technique limits its widespread utilization. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility, safety, simplicity, and complications of a technique for inserting the left ventricle lead through a femoral transseptal sheath to the pectoral implant site, termed "the Jurdham procedure." METHODS: We performed the Jurdham procedure in 10 patients (8 men; 60.5 ± 1.8 years) in whom a coronary sinus lead implant had failed. A snared 85-cm standard active fixation endocardial pacing lead was implanted on the left ventricle endocardium through a femoral transseptal sheath with subsequent mobilization of the proximal end of the lead to the prepectoral area via the snare. RESULTS: Successful implant was achieved in all 10 patients without complications, with excellent acute and chronic pacing parameters. All patients remained on chronic oral anticoagulation therapy without thromboembolic or bleeding complications. No late complications have occurred. All patients have improved at least 1 New York Heart Association functional class and have remained clinically stable during the follow-up term. CONCLUSION: The Jurdham procedure is a reliable, technically easy technique to achieve cardiac resynchronization therapy via the endocardial approach. In our initial experience, there has been an excellent clinical response without significant complications during short-term follow-up. Additional investigation is needed to define the precise indications and limitations of this procedure.

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy in a patient with Noonan syndrome.

Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy (AVC) presents with fat replacement of the myocardium, most commonly of the right ventricle, and ventricular arrhythmias. We report an 11-year-old boy with Noonan syndrome, ventricular arrhythmias, and an ultrasound depicting hypertrophy of the ventricular septum with subaortic stenosis. A surgical resection of the left side of the ventricular septum revealed a thick fibroelastotic endocardium covering a broad band of mature adipose tissue focally containing myocardial cells, fibrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltrates. The two layers covered a band of hypertrophic myocardiocytes with mild interstitial fibrosis. Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy has not been previously reported in the Noonan syndrome.