Dipylidium caninum: presentación de un caso / Dypilidium caninum: A case presentation

Se hizo un estudio descriptivo de las características del parásito Dipylidium caninum y de las manifestaciones clínicas del enfermo en el Centro Provincial de Higiene y Epidemiología, nos proponemos presentar un caso clínico diagnosticado por primera vez en el laboratorio. Se trabajó en 159 estudios coproparasitologicos de los cuales se obtuvieron 3 muestras positivas a la Tenia del Perro (Dipylidium caninum); de estos 3 casos nos llamó la atención un niño de un año que no tenía deshidratación no estaba bajo de peso, pero presentaba insomnio, prurito nocturno, lesiones en pie y en sus heces fecales estaba presente el parasito. Se le realizaron estudios parasitológicos seriados durante 7 días, arrojando la presencia siempre de los proglótides grávidos con capsulas ovíparas. Se comprobó la existencia de parásitos intestinal por Dipylidium caninum basado en las observaciones macro y microscópicos en el paciente de un año de edad, con manifestaciones clínicas como: diarreas, insomnio, expulsión de fragmento del parasito, prurito y lesiones en la mucosa intestinal. Con este trabajo nos proponemos presentar un caso clínico en humano diagnosticado en el laboratorio de Higiene y Epidemiología de Bayamo(AU)

It was made a descriptive study of the characteristics of Dipylidium caninum parasite and the clinical manifestations of the patients in the Provincial Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology; we proposed a clinical case diagnosed for the first time in the laboratory. We worked in 159 coproparasitologic studies from which there were obtained 3 positive samples of the Taenia of the Dog (Dipylidium caninum). From these 3 cases we realized that there was a year- old- child who did not present dehydration, he was not under weight, but he presented sleeplessness, prurit, injuries in both feet and the parasite was evidenced in his fecal feces. There were performed serial parasitologic studies to him during 7 days, showing the presence of the gravid proglotids with oviparous capsules. It was checked the existence of Dipylidium caninum intestinal parasites, based on the macroscopic and microscopic observations in the patient with clinical manifestations like diarrheas, sleeplessness, expulsion of fragments of the parasite, pruritus and injuries in the intestinal mucous. With this work, we proposed a clinical case in a human diagnosed in the laboratory of Hygiene and Epidemiology of Bayamo(EU)

Ovicidal activity of different concentrations of Pochonia chlamydosporia chlamydospores on Taenia taeniaeformis eggs.

Three concentrations of chlamydospores of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia (1000, 10,000 and 20,000 per Petri dish) were evaluated in vitro on Taenia taeniaeformis eggs. Chlamydospores at each concentration were cultured in two different media: 2% water-agar (2%WA) and 2% corn-meal-agar (2%CMA). Taenia taeniaeformis eggs were plated in each chlamydospore concentration in 2%WA and 2%CMA (treated groups) and without fungus (control group). Eggs were removed from each Petri dish at intervals of 7, 14 and 21 days and classified according to ovicidal activity (type 1, type 2 and type 3 effects). Plates containing 2%CMA showed the highest percentages for type 3 effect (81.3%) on the 21st day of observation. A difference (P < 0.01) between the media 2%WA and 2%CMA for type 1 effect was observed only at a concentration of 1000 chlamydospores on the 7th day. There were differences (P < 0.01) between 2%WA and 2%CMA on the 14th and 21st days, at the concentration of 20,000 chlamydospores, for type 1 and type 3 effects. Regression curves for type 3 effect in 2%WA and 2%CMA at the tested concentrations showed higher ovicidal activity with increasing chlamydospore concentrations. Results indicate that, at concentrations of 1000, 10,000 and 20,000 per Petri dish, chlamydospores of P. chlamydosporia effectively destroyed T. taeniaeformis eggs and can be considered a potential biological control agent for this cestode.

Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus on the viability of oncospheres of Taenia hydatigena.

Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson is a saprophytic hyphomycete from the soil with biological activity on helminth eggs. We evaluated the influence in vitro of P. lilacinus on the viability of the oncospheres from Taenia hydatigena, a parasite cestode of dogs and sheep. The eggs were exposed to the fungus strain in sterile distilled water and observed by light microscopy at days 4, 7 and 14 post-inoculation, and the viability was evaluated. The viability found in the exposed P. lilacinus oncospheres was significantly different in all observations. P. lilacinus exercised a negative biological activity on T. hydatigena eggs in vitro.

Crystals of virus-like particles in the metacestodes of Taenia solium and T. crassiceps.

Crystals of virus-like particles (VLP) are described as occurring in the nuclei of damaged tegumentary cytons from carcasses of Taenia solium metacestodes that had been stripped of their teguments. The VLP are grouped as parallel lines of round particles in an hexagonal packaging of spheroids forming small or large crystals. The individual particles have an external diameter of 36-37 nm and a wall of 5-6 nm thick, which surround a cavity of lower electron density. As identical crystals were also observed in normal tissues of T. solium and of T. crassiceps, it is suggested that both species of cysticerci are normal carriers of a similar species of virus. The possible biological implications of this condition are discussed.

Surgical considerations in treatment of intraventricular cysticercosis. An analysis of 45 cases.

Infestations of the human brain with the larval stage of Taenia solium, once an infrequent diagnosis in the United States, is now a more frequently encountered clinical entity especially in population centers with high immigrant flux. During a recent 5-year period 45 cases of intraventricular cysticerosis have been evaluated and treated. Modes of involvement included isolated cyst formation, ependymitis, or combinations of both. Evidence of associated parenchymatous involvement was present in 20% of cases. Sites of infestation included the lateral ventricle (five cases), third ventricle (12 cases), Sylvian aqueduct (four cases), and fourth ventricle (24 cases). Mean post-therapy follow-up periods for this series exceed 36 months. This experience indicates that direct excision is the treatment of choice for ventricular cystic lesions, but that management, operative planning, and expectations should be influenced by considerations of: 1) the potential for acute clinical deterioration (38%); 2) the potential for cyst migration; 3) attendant ependymitis, defined by computerized tomography or verified at surgery; 4) the potential for increase in cyst volume with local mass effect; 5) selection and institution of corridors of surgical access that establish alternative routes of cerebrospinal fluid flow; and 6) the possibility of cyst excision by a stereotaxic endoscopic procedure.