RESUMEN
Patients with facial trauma often experience a psychological burden from their injuries. This study aimed to identify risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes in patients affected by facial trauma, using the 'Integrating Mental and Physical Healthcare: Research, Training and Services' (IMPARTS) screening tool. All patients >18 years of age who completed more than one IMPARTS screening tool in the Oral and Maxillofacial Trauma Clinic between 2019 and 2021 were included in this study. This tool was used to assess the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorder, and depression. Included patients completed the IMPARTS questionnaire at initial follow-up (mean 18 days post-trauma) and one subsequent time point (mean 82 days). 167 patients were included in the study. On multivariable analysis, a history of psychiatric illness (P = 0.015) and interpersonal violence as the mechanism of injury (P = 0.010) were identified as predictive of risk of PTSD. Risk of PTSD was lower in zygomatic injuries (P = 0.001), while nasal involvement increased at-risk status for depression (P = 0.009). 47.3% of patients screened positive on initial IMPARTS assessment, while 35.3% screened positive on follow-up IMPARTS assessment. This study supports the IMPARTS tool in allowing the prompt identification of mental health adversity in facial trauma.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Faciales , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Adulto , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Depresión/psicología , Trastornos de Ansiedad/psicologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A considerable number of burn patients have greater psychological stress due to the special trauma site. In clinical practice, it is found that medical staff pay more attention to the rehabilitation of physical function, while the mental health status of patients is greatly neglected. In contact with patients, we found that attention should be paid to the levels of stigma and self-esteem. However, there are few studies on stigma and self-esteem in patients with facial burns. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the stigma and self-esteem levels of facial burns, investigate the relationship between these two variables, and explore the influencing factors of stigma in patients with facial burns, in order to provide evidence for follow-up interventions to improve this population. METHODS: From August 2020 to June 2021, we recruited patients with facial burns who met the inclusion criteria in one burn specialist clinic and three burn units of a tertiary A hospital in Guangzhou, China. The survey tools of this study include sociodemographic and disease-related information questionnaires, the Chinese version of the Social Impact Scale, and the self-esteem scale (these scales were validated). SPSS 25.0 software was used for data analysis through t test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression method for data statistics. RESULTS: The total stigma score of facial burn patients was (58.01 ± 7.57), which was at a medium level; the self-esteem score was (19.72 ± 2.43), which was at a low level. Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the self-esteem score and the total score of stigma (r = 0.286, P < 0.01). The family per capita monthly income, education level, way of medical expenses expenditure, and self-esteem of facial burn patients were the influencing factors of their stigma, and these factors explained 33.7% of the variation in stigma (F=8.659, Pï¼0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with facial burns have low levels of stigma and self-esteem, which requires our efforts. In particular, there is a positive correlation between stigma and self-esteem, and self-esteem is an independent risk factor affecting stigma. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem have the potential to positively impact the reduction of stigma in this patient population.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras , Traumatismos Faciales , Autoimagen , Estigma Social , Humanos , Quemaduras/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , China/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , AdolescenteRESUMEN
PURPOSE: It is well known that the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) epidemic had an adverse effect on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with disabilities, or neurological or chronic conditions. The aim of this study was to examine the possible factors affecting HRQOL in patients with burn injuries during COVID-19 epidemic. METHODS: The study included a total of 40 burns patients. The demographic and burn injury information of the patients were recorded. The active range of motion was measured with a goniometer. The HRQOL, community integration, scar tissue quality and anxiety level were evaluated using the Burn-Specific Health Scale (BSHS), the Community Integration Questionnaire Revised (CIQ-R), Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively. RESULTS: The history of COVID-19 infection, total burn surface area (TBSA), community integration level, work-related burns, the presence of trunk burn injury, the presence of face burn injury, and the presence of a major burn injury were determined to be significantly associated with the HRQOL of burns patients (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The history of COVID-19 infection, community integration level, and burn-related parameters (TBSA, localization, severity etc.) were found to be factors associated with the HRQOL during the epidemic. The history of COVID-19 and community integration level should be evaluated in addition to the burn injury parameters to improve the quality of life of burn survivors. It can be recommended that these clinical parameters should be considered when planning the treatment program during and after the epidemic.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad , Quemaduras , COVID-19 , Calidad de Vida , Sobrevivientes , Humanos , Quemaduras/psicología , Quemaduras/epidemiología , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Ansiedad/psicología , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Superficie Corporal , Adulto Joven , SARS-CoV-2 , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Cicatriz/psicología , Cicatriz/etiología , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/psicología , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , AncianoRESUMEN
This study was conducted to identify and study the prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in patients, who had sustained traumatic facial and dental injuries along with other variables that may affect the psychological response. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 241 patients suffering from traumatic facial and dental injuries presenting to the Ahmadabad Municipal Dental College and Hospital were included in the study. 110 patients (males - 87, females - 23) suffered disfiguring injuries and/or loss of multiple front teeth (DF). 131 patients (males - 102, females - 29) suffered no disfigurement (NDF). Assessment was carried out on day of discharge (D.O.D), 1 month, and 6 months. Impact of Event Scale (I.E.S-R) was used to assess the presence of post traumatic stress disorder in the patients. RESULTS: Patients with DF injuries had statistically significant higher mean scores than patients suffering NDF injuries. Female patients had comparatively higher scores at D.O.D, 1 month, and 6 months. Patients treated with maxillomandibular fixation and between ages 18 and 40 years also had significantly higher scores. CONCLUSION: Patients with DF facial injuries including multiple anterior teeth loss had significantly higher mean (I.E.S-R) scores for PTSD in comparison with patients with NDF facial injuries.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Faciales , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Traumatismos de los Dientes , Masculino , Humanos , Femenino , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/etiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Ansiedad , Traumatismos Faciales/epidemiología , Traumatismos Faciales/etiología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/epidemiología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/etiología , India/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Background: The psychological problems associated with facial trauma may sometimes pose additional health concerns for the injured patient. Understanding the gaps in the Oral and Maxillofacial surgeons' (OMFS) awareness of patient in need of specialist mental health intervention is important in ensuring holistic care for the trauma patient. Objectives: To determine the knowledge, practices and self-assessed level of competence of Nigerian Oral maxillofacial surgeons/trainees regarding psychological problems associated with facial trauma and to determine their perceived need for training in assessment of psychological consequences following facial trauma. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which a web-based structured questionnaire was sent to Oral and maxillofacial surgeons and trainees. Results: Majority of respondents (85.2%) had encountered psychological problems in patients who have sustained facial trauma. Half (50.6%) of OMFS / trainees had high level of knowledge regarding psychological problems associated with facial trauma; depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, body image disorder and acute stress syndrome were the five most common trauma related psychological problems mentioned. More respondents reported low level of competence in conducting mental state examination when compared to other skill sets. In-unit counselling was reported as the method of intervention by majority (69.1 %), followed by referral to the mental health specialists (17.3%). More than one third (40.7%) of OMFS were extremely interested in undergoing additional training in the psychological assessment of patients who have sustained facial trauma. Conclusion: Nigerian Oral and maxillofacial surgeons frequently encounter psychological problems in patients with traumatic facial injuries. Notwithstanding their perceived self-assessed low level of competence in psychological assessment of trauma patients, objective assessment revealed a relatively high level of knowledge of psychological problems that can affect the facial trauma patient with many indicating a high perceived need for additional training in the psychological assessment of facial trauma patient. There is a need for incorporating psychological assessment into the management to ensure holistic care of trauma patients.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Faciales , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Humanos , Cirujanos Oromaxilofaciales , Estudios Transversales , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/cirugía , Trastornos de Ansiedad , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Aim: To investigate the psychological status of medical staff with medical device-related nasal and facial pressure ulcers (MDR PUs) during the outbreak of COVID-19, analyse the correlation between their psychological status and personality traits, so as to provide a reference for personalized psychological support. Design: A total of 207 medical staff who were treating the COVID-19 epidemic from Hunan and Hubei provinces were enrolled in this analytic questionnaire-based study. Methods: We used these measures: Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale (EPQ-RSC), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and demographic information forms online. Results: Medical staff wearing protective equipment are particularly susceptible to nasal and facial MDR PUs, which is increasing their social appearance anxiety; neuroticism is significantly related to social appearance anxiety and negative emotion. We should pay more attention to their psychological state, cultivate good personality characteristics and reduce negative emotions, and thereby alleviate their MDR PUs-related appearance anxiety.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Personal de Salud/psicología , Equipo de Protección Personal/efectos adversos , Úlcera por Presión/psicología , Adulto , Imagen Corporal/psicología , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/terapia , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios Transversales , Traumatismos Faciales/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , Pruebas de Personalidad , Úlcera por Presión/etiología , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study aimed at exploring the perceptions and experiences of female burn survivors with facial disfigurement in Pakistan. METHODS: Two different quantitative and qualitative studies were conducted, of which the data were collected from 100 burn patients. A pilot interview protocol was developed. An indepth interview of five female burn survivors with facial disfigurement was taken in Lahore, Pakistan. The transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis and four major themes were identified, respectively physical appearance, posttraumatic growth, relationships and coping strategies. RESULTS: Thematic analysis reflected differences in attributional style, perceptions and individual experiences of female burn survivors with facial disfigurement. The study showed the importance of physical appearance for different burn survivors and how their life had changed after suffering from a burn injury. CONCLUSION: It could be easy to have a positive outlook towards life and accept visible differences post injury for the burn survivors, who are grateful for life, get a strong family support and have available resources. On the contrary, with low self-esteem, lack of a family support and available resources, patients would be dissatisfied with their life.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/psicología , Cara/patología , Traumatismos Faciales/patología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Percepción , Apariencia Física , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Adaptación Psicológica , Adulto , Familia , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pakistán , Autoimagen , Apoyo Social , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
AIM: To compare the quality of life and psychological impact of cases of facial burn scar between male and female patients. STUDY TYPE: An observational cross sectional study done in a tertiary care university level teaching hospital, on a hospital based sample over a period ranging from January 2018 to July 2019. METHODOLOGY: The study was carried out on 32 patients of facial burn scar, who were screened for psychiatric diagnoses by MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview; severity of depression and anxiety assessed by HDRS and HAM A; assessed for QoL and scar ratings of both patient and observer. QoL was assessed using the WHO QOL BREF questionnaire. The scar assessment was done with the help of POSAS by interviewing the patient and examination of the scar. RESULTS: None of other socio-demographic variables patient showed any significant association with the number of psychiatric diagnoses of the patient or QoL domains; barring years of schooling, which had a significant positive correlation with the psychological domain score of QoL. Being male or female also did not show any significant differences with the anxiety or depression severity. No burn or scar related variable could reach significant association, except scar itching, stiffness scores of POSAS P and overall scar opinion score of POSAS O, with the number of psychiatric diagnoses of the patient. Extent of scar had significant negative associations with the physical and psychological domains of QoL. Significant negative correlations were found between scar variables like stiffness, pigmentation, relief, pliability, and overall opinion and QoL domain scores. The total observer score of POSAS and the overall opinion of observer had much stronger negative correlation than the patient score; the latter having a significant association with the depression severity as well. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant gender difference in QoL and psychological impact of patients with facial burn scar were found. However educational level was found to positively influence the psychological well-being of the patients; whereas scar extent was found to negatively affect the physical and psychological domains of QoL.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/psicología , Cicatriz/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Factores Sexuales , Quemaduras/complicaciones , Cicatriz/etiología , Estudios Transversales , Traumatismos Faciales/etiología , Femenino , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Centros de Atención TerciariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This research deals with the impact of resilience, perceived stigmatization, social comfort and coping strategies on quality of life among female burn survivors with facial disfigurement, man many of which are found in Asian countries. METHODS: Using cross-sectional research design, female burn survivors with severe facial disfigurement (N = 100) were drawn by using purposive sampling strategy from a public sector hospital and an organization working in Lahore, Pakistan. Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ) (Lawrence et al., 2006), Social Comfort Questionnaire (SCQ) (Lawrence et al., 2006), State-Trait Resilience Scale, Coping with Burns Questionnaire (CBQ) (Willebrand et al., 2001) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire; World Health Organization, 2014) were used for assessment. RESULTS: The analyses showed a significant positive relationship among resilience, coping with burns and social comfort. A significant negative relationship was found between perceived stigmatization and coping with burns, resilience and social comfort. All these variables were tested for differentiation on the basis of survivor's age (less vs. more than 30 years), occupation (housewife vs. gainfully employed), education (less vs. more than matriculation), social status (low vs. middle class), family system (nuclear vs. joint), siblings (yes vs. no), residence (living in home vs. shelter home) and psychological help received or not after the burn injury. Results indicate a mixed type of phenomenon among variable's differentiation. Path analysis through AMOS resulted into a model showing no direct relationship of quality of life with coping with burns, perceived stigmatization and resilience; however, social comfort mediates the relationship between quality of life and coping with burns, perceived stigmatization and resilience. CONCLUSION: It is found that quality of life is dependent on coping with burns, perceived stigmatization and resilience through social comfort. The findings hold implications for the mental health professionals and rehabilitation service providers to emphasize on the restorative strategy for burn survivors to elevate their social comfort, to assist them in handling their injuries and develop a curative plan to support them in their coping skills.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Adaptación Psicológica , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Estatus SocialRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The head and neck regions are frequent sites of burns, but few studies have analysed and reported the epidemiology of facial burns. As the face is the centre of one's identity and persona, facial injuries often result in physical and psychological morbidity. The aim of this article is to describe the epidemiology and outcome of facial burns in China and to suggest future preventive strategies. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included all patients with facial burns in a database at eight institutions from 2011-2015. The data collected included sex, age, month distribution, aetiology, location, presence of inhalation injury, total burn surface area, burn surface area with full-thickness and outcome including Post-traumatic stress disorder Checklist-Civilian Version scores and mortality. SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyse the data. RESULTS: A total of 1126 patients were included; 65.63% (739) had facial burns, of which 546 (73.88%) were male patients and 193 (26.12%) were female patients. Predictors of facial burns were being of male sex, working-related place, flame burns, total body surface area, and full-thickness burns. In addition, total body surface area and full-thickness burns increased the risk of poor prognosis for post-traumatic stress disorder and mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Facial burns benefit not only the healing of wound, but also the prevention of their incidence and PTSD symptom. This study may contribute to the elaboration of strategies to prevent facial burns and the establishment of a nationwide burn database in China.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/epidemiología , Traumatismos Faciales/epidemiología , Mortalidad , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Superficie Corporal , Quemaduras/patología , Quemaduras/psicología , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos Ocupacionales/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
An information criterion (IC) like the Akaike IC (AIC), can be used to select the best hypothesis from a set of competing theory-based hypotheses. An IC developed to evaluate theory-based order-restricted hypotheses is the Generalized Order-Restricted Information Criterion (GORIC). Like for any IC, the values themselves are not interpretable but only comparable. To improve the interpretation regarding the strength, GORIC weights and related evidence ratios can be computed. However, if the unconstrained hypothesis (the default) is used as competing hypothesis, the evidence ratio is not affected by sample-size nor effect-size in case the hypothesis of interest is (also) in agreement with the data. In practice, this means that in such a case strong support for the order-restricted hypothesis is not reflected by a high evidence ratio. Therefore, we introduce the evaluation of an order-restricted hypothesis against its complement using the GORIC (weights). We show how to compute the GORIC value for the complement, which cannot be achieved by current methods. In a small simulation study, we show that the evidence ratio for the order-restricted hypothesis versus the complement increases for larger samples and/or effect-sizes, while the evidence ratio for the order-restricted hypothesis versus the unconstrained hypothesis remains bounded. An empirical example about facial burn injury illustrates our method and shows that using the complement as competing hypothesis results in much more support for the hypothesis of interest than using the unconstrained hypothesis as competing hypothesis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Asunto(s)
Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Modelos Estadísticos , Psicología/métodos , Proyectos de Investigación/normas , Quemaduras/psicología , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , HumanosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The evaluation of medico-legal post-traumatic events has been increasing over the last decades. This study analysed the input of dental evaluation in orofacial damage assessment, highlighting the individual's biopsychosocial model, by a serial case study. It is aimed to analyse the physical as well as the psychological repercussions of traumatic events. It also aimed to relate the type of trauma impact with the individual's sequelae. MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational and retrospective study was carried out of Portuguese medico-legal database. A serial case study was distinguished by the direction of the impact: frontal striking, lateral striking and clashing with a bidirectional (frontal-lateral). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: 7 cases fulfilled the inclusion criteria, as a pilot study. They have in common the involvement of the 2 lower thirds of the face, including the temporomandibular joint. The consolidation of the maxillary bone fractures does not always correspond to restituto ad integrum. CONCLUSION: The impact direction may guide clinical examination in detecting permanent impairment, emphasizing temporomandibular joint disorders, as well as their association with psychosocial repercussions. The medical-dental examination is differentiating and relevant to the accomplishment of the general objective of damage assessment.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Faciales/complicaciones , Traumatismos de los Dientes/complicaciones , Adolescente , Niño , Cicatriz/etiología , Restauración Dental Permanente , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Maloclusión/etiología , Maxilar/lesiones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trastornos de la Articulación Temporomandibular/etiología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/psicología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/terapia , Pérdida de Diente/etiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Facial disfigurement due to any congenital or acquired condition is a social disability that can impede communication, contribute to awkward social interactions, and cause individuals with differences to be isolated and rejected. Yet, few interventions have been developed to address the psychosocial consequences of living with a visible difference, despite research indicating that the more visible the disfigurement is to others, the greater the social implication and challenge for the affected individual. This article reviews the impact of the "What to Do When People Stare" social and communication workshop, including its theoretical basis (drawn from anthropological research and theory pertaining to disfigurement), the phenomenon of staring, and the experience of being the target of a stare. The review highlights feedback from 46 individuals with disfiguring conditions caused by burns, dermatological conditions, and craniofacial conditions who completed a Workshop Evaluation Survey. The instructor, who has a facial difference, reviewed the science of staring, the role and influence of the media and beauty in society, myths associated with disfigurement, social and communication skills, and asked specific questions to elicit feelings and beliefs about why people stare, and how it feels to be the object of a stare. After completing the workshop, 80% of participants reported that they felt better prepared to cope with staring, and 83% reported a better understanding about the motives of staring. The workshop demonstrates the need to increase awareness of visible differences and to teach individuals with visible differences and the general public appropriate social skills for engaging with one another. The workshop's success to date highlights the need for similar programs addressing the psychosocial communicative dimensions related to staring. Collaborations with burn centers and other nonprofit organizations that treat and assist individuals with psychosocial issues related to visible difference could strengthen content and assessment data.
Asunto(s)
Imagen Corporal , Quemaduras/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Interacción Social , Habilidades Sociales , Adaptación Psicológica , Comunicación , Anomalías Craneofaciales/psicología , Educación no Profesional , Retroalimentación , Humanos , Enfermedades de la Piel/psicología , Estigma Social , Apoyo Social , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Nearly 500 people were injured in the dust explosion at the Formosa Fun Coast water park in 2015, making it the accident with the largest number of burn victims in Taiwan. Severe burn injuries are often accompanied by long-term impacts on physical, psychological, social, occupational, and aesthetic wellness. Survivors usually require several years or even decades of medical rehabilitation and psychological counseling, which inevitably affect their quality of life (QoL). The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in the QoL and the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the survivors of the 2015 dust explosion at the Formosa Fun Coast water park and discuss the potential influencing factors. Data were collected from the burn victims using a self-administered sociodemographic and injury characteristics questionnaire, the adapted Chinese version of the Burn Specific Health Scale-Brief (ACV BSHS-B), and the Impact of Event Scale for Burns (IESB). IBM-SPSS (Version 21.0) was used for the statistical analysis of the data. A total of 81 patients were enrolled in this study from July 2016 to August 2018. The study results revealed that gender, employment status after the burn injury, marital status, injury area, and the presence of facial burns greatly affected survivors' QoL three years following the injury. Survivors' simple abilities (Mean: 3.91 out of 4 on average, SD: .21) showed the best recovery and improved significantly over time. Employment (Mean: 2.33, SD: .98) and body image (Mean: 1.94, SD: .95) were considered the most influential factors on QoL, with no significant improvement over the three years. Moderate to severe pain, itching, and sleep problems caused by the dust explosion still affected 29.2%, 46.6%, and 58.1% of survivors after three years, respectively. Survivors with more severe symptoms had worse QoL and a higher risk of PTSD. The burn accident affected not only the injured individuals but also their entire families. In order to help injured individuals reintegrate into society and maintain better overall health, our study suggested providing family-based healthcare plans and necessary follow-up visits in a timely manner.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/psicología , Explosiones , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Sobrevivientes/psicología , Adolescente , Adulto , Imagen Corporal/psicología , Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Empleo/psicología , Empleo/estadística & datos numéricos , Traumatismos Faciales/fisiopatología , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Traumatismos de la Mano/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Mano/psicología , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Estado Civil/estadística & datos numéricos , Dolor/epidemiología , Dolor/fisiopatología , Dolor/psicología , Prurito/epidemiología , Prurito/fisiopatología , Prurito/psicología , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/psicología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Taiwán/epidemiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In Spain, the number of aged persons is increasing. By the year 2066, it is expected that 34.6% of the Spanish population will be over 65 years of age. Elderly people present a higher burning risk owing in part to impaired balance and decreased physical strength, lower cognitive abilities, or socioeconomic context. OBJECTIVE: Burns to the upper body body are common and affect both emotional state and physical function, thus leading to reduced quality of life (QoL). Our objective was to determine the influence of age on the QoL of patients who experienced burns to the upper body, with burns with 2 years. METHODS: This is an observational study with a sample of 58 patients with burns only on the upper body. Patients were divided into two groups: 29 patients of age over 65 years and 29 patients under 65 years; all of them attended the Vall d'Hebron Burn Center, Barcelona, between 2011 and 2014. From the original sample, 45 patients had survived by the time the information was gathered. The QoL of these individuals was evaluated with the Spanish version of the Burn Specific Health Scale. Demographic data (sex, age, total burn surface area [TBSA], burn mechanism, pathological history, length of hospital stay, and rehabilitation duration) were collected. Statistical analysis included parametric and nonparametric tests as appropriate with R3.3.3. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups regarding the mechanism of burn, TBSA, length of hospital stay, and the domains of QoL test. High blood pressure, diabetes, and other comorbidities were significantly more common in the elderly group than in the younger group. Eleven patients died in the elderly group and two in the younger group (p=0.012). CONCLUSION: As opposed to what could be expected, in this study, there were no significant differences between surviving patients in both age groups in terms of perceived QoL. Nevertheless, mortality after a burn in the upper side of the body was significantly higher in elderly people than in younger people. The present study results do not support the use of different rehabilitation approaches in elderly patients.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Quemaduras/psicología , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Traumatismos del Brazo/mortalidad , Traumatismos del Brazo/fisiopatología , Traumatismos del Brazo/psicología , Traumatismos de la Espalda/mortalidad , Traumatismos de la Espalda/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Espalda/psicología , Quemaduras/mortalidad , Traumatismos Faciales/mortalidad , Traumatismos Faciales/fisiopatología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Femenino , Traumatismos de la Mano/mortalidad , Traumatismos de la Mano/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Mano/psicología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos del Cuello/mortalidad , Traumatismos del Cuello/fisiopatología , Traumatismos del Cuello/psicología , Calidad de Vida , España , Traumatismos Torácicos/mortalidad , Traumatismos Torácicos/fisiopatología , Traumatismos Torácicos/psicología , Torso/lesiones , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Burns affecting the head and neck (H&N) can lead to significant changes in appearance. It is postulated that such injuries have a negative impact on patients' social functioning, quality of life, physical health, and satisfaction with appearance, but there has been little investigation of these effects using patient reported outcome measures. This study evaluates the effect of H&N burns on long-term patient reported outcomes compared to patients who sustained burns to other areas. METHODS: Data from the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research Burn Model System National Database collected between 1996 and 2015 were used to investigate differences in outcomes between those with and without H&N burns. Demographic and clinical characteristics for adult burn survivors with and without H&N burns were compared. The following patient-reported outcome measures, collected at 6, 12, and 24 months after injury, were examined: satisfaction with life (SWL), community integration questionnaire (CIQ), satisfaction with appearance (SWAP), short form-12 physical component score (SF-12 PCS), and short form-12 mental component score (SF-12 MCS). Mixed regression model analyses were used to examine the associations between H&N burns and each outcome measure, controlling for medical and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 697 adults (373 with H&N burns; 324 without H&N burns) were included in the analyses. Over 75% of H&N injuries resulted from a fire/flame burn and those with H&N burns had significantly larger burn size (p<0.001). In the mixed model regression analyses, SWAP and SF-12 MCS were significantly worse for adults with H&N burns compared to those with non-H&N burns (p<0.01). There were no significant differences between SWL, CIQ, and SF-12 PCS. CONCLUSIONS: Survivors with H&N burns demonstrated community integration, physical health, and satisfaction with life outcomes similar to those of survivors with non-H&N burns. Scores in these domains improved over time. However, survivors with H&N burns demonstrated worse satisfaction with their appearance. These results suggest that strategies to address satisfaction with appearance, such as reconstructive surgery, cognitive behavior therapy, and social skills training, are an area of need for survivors with H&N burns.
Asunto(s)
Quemaduras/psicología , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/psicología , Traumatismos del Cuello/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Adulto , Quemaduras/fisiopatología , Quemaduras/rehabilitación , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/fisiopatología , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/rehabilitación , Traumatismos Faciales/fisiopatología , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Traumatismos Faciales/rehabilitación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos del Cuello/fisiopatología , Traumatismos del Cuello/rehabilitación , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Satisfacción del Paciente , Apariencia Física , Integración Social , SobrevivientesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Facial trauma can cause major psychological damage and compromise a patient's quality of life. Unfortunately, surgery cannot always solve this problem or provide an acceptable result. OBJECTIVES: Treatment with injectables may provide a solution that is minimally invasive and better accepted by patients as a means to improve poor outcomes after facial trauma. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 50 patients (29 men, 21 women) who underwent primary surgery to treat facial trauma between January 2015 and January 2017. Based on the facial area affected by poor outcomes (upper face, midface, and lower face), patients underwent ≥1 aesthetic medicine treatments with hyaluronic acid dermal fillers and botulinum toxin injections. To evaluate patient satisfaction and the effect of the treatment on quality of life, patients were asked to complete 2 questionnaires, POSAS and FACE-Q, prior to treatment and 90 days after the last treatment session. RESULTS: Questionnaire scores indicated improvements in aesthetic and psychological metrics, perceived both by the patient and the observer. CONCLUSIONS: Minimally invasive aesthetic treatments represent a valuable adjunct to surgical procedures for improving facial aesthetics after injury and consequently the quality of life of patients affected by facial trauma.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas Cosméticas , Rellenos Dérmicos/administración & dosificación , Traumatismos Faciales/terapia , Satisfacción del Paciente , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Toxinas Botulínicas Tipo A/administración & dosificación , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Estética , Cara/cirugía , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Ácido Hialurónico/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodo Posoperatorio , Calidad de Vida , Rejuvenecimiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/estadística & datos numéricos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A patient's health-related quality of life can be significantly impacted by facial scarring and disfigurement. Facial soft-tissue reconstruction should aim to improve this, with outcomes measured from the patient's perspective using patient-reported outcome measures. This systematic review identifies patient-reported outcome measures for soft-tissue facial reconstruction and appraises their methodologic and psychometric properties using up-to-date methods. METHODS: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, and Cochrane databases was performed. Identified patient-reported outcome measures were assessed using the updated Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist. Psychometric properties were also assessed and a modified Grading of Recommendation Assessment, Development and Evaluation analysis was performed to aid in recommendations for future questionnaire use. RESULTS: Thirty-four studies covering nine patient-reported outcome measures were included. Methodologic quality and psychometric evidence were variable. FACE-Q, Skin Cancer Index, Patient Outcome of Surgery-Head/Neck, and the Derriford Appearance Scale 59/24 all demonstrated high enough evidence to be recommended as having potential for inclusion in future studies. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first systematic review to identify and critically appraise patient-reported outcome measures for soft-tissue facial reconstruction using internationally accepted criteria. Four questionnaires were deemed to have adequate levels of methodologic and psychometric evidence, although further studies should be conducted before they are used routinely in patients undergoing facial reconstruction. Through the use of psychometrically well-validated questionnaires, it is hoped that patients' concerns can be truly appreciated, the level of care improved, and the quality of reconstructive options offered advanced.
Asunto(s)
Traumatismos Faciales/cirugía , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Traumatismos Faciales/diagnóstico , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Puntaje de Gravedad del Traumatismo , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Medición de Riesgo , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/diagnóstico , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/psicología , Cicatrización de Heridas/fisiologíaRESUMEN
We present the case of a 7-year-old boy with a forehead laceration that required suture repair. The child was anxious and uncooperative, and the initial plan was to administer intranasal midazolam to facilitate the repair. However, a facemask blinder was first implemented as a visual barrier to block the child's view of any anxiety-provoking stimuli and appeared to improve the child's cooperation with the procedure. Intranasal midazolam was not administered, and the laceration was cleaned and repaired successfully. In conjunction with adequate local anesthesia and distraction techniques, the facemask blinder helped to facilitate the completion of the laceration repair without the need for any physical restraint or pharmacologic anxiolysis or sedation.
Asunto(s)
Ansiedad , Traumatismos Faciales/cirugía , Laceraciones/cirugía , Máscaras , Niño , Traumatismos Faciales/psicología , Humanos , Laceraciones/psicología , MasculinoRESUMEN
Las manchas de vino de oporto son un tipo de malformación capilar que afecta del 0,3 al 0,5% de la población. Están presentes desde el nacimiento como máculas o placas eritematosas en la piel o mucosas. Sin tratamiento, las lesiones tienden a oscurecerse con la edad, tornándose rojizas o color púrpura, y pueden desarrollar engrosamiento nodular o un granuloma piógeno asociado. Los tratamientos con láser proporcionan mejoría mediante la destrucción selectiva de la vasculatura. Se han utilizado una variedad de láseres vasculares selectivos, pero el tratamiento de primera elección es el láser de colorante pulsado. Los mejores resultados se obtienen cuando el tratamiento es instaurado tempranamente. (AU)
Port wine stains are a type of vascular malformation that affects 0.3% to 0.5% of the population. They are present from birth as erythematous macules or plaques on the skin or mucous membranes. Without treatment, these lesions tend to darken with age, becoming reddish or purple and may develop nodular thickening or an associated pyogenic granuloma. Laser treatments might provide an improvement by selective destruction of the vasculature. A variety of selective vascular lásers may be employed, with the pulsed dye laser as the gold standard treatment. Better results are obtained when the treatment is established early. (AU)