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1.
Infect Genet Evol ; 90: 104713, 2021 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33429070

RESUMEN

The study of ancient parasites, named paleoparasitology, traditionally focused on microscopic eggs disseminated in past environments and archaeological structures by humans and other animals infested by gastrointestinal parasites. Since the development of paleogenetics in the early 1980s, few paleoparasitological studies have been based on the ancient DNA (aDNA) of parasites, although such studies have clearly proven their utility and reliability. In this paper, we describe our integrative approach for the paleoparasitological study of an ancient population from Florence in Italy, dated to the 4th-5th c. CE. The first stage consisted in the study of sediment samples from the pelvic area of 18 individuals under light microscopy. This allowed us to detect Ascarid-type eggs belonging very probably to the human-infesting roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides. Ten subsamples were selected corresponding to five individuals, and we extracted their whole DNA following sediment aDNA protocols. A targeted approach allowed us to detect two nematodes and one trematode aDNA fragments, namely Ascaris sp., Trichuris trichiura, and Dicrocoelium dendriticum. Among the five individuals tested for microscopic eggs and aDNA, three of them showed the remains of eggs (only Ascarid-type), but all of them tested positive to the presence of at least one parasite aDNA. Microscopic diagnosis first guided our research for the selection of promising samples while the targeted aDNA approach significantly improved our knowledge in terms of parasitic diversity and frequency in this population subgroup. These results enabled us to discuss the possible impact of latent parasitism in this past population at the time of an epidemic, as suggested in Florence. In particular, the singular case of D. dendriticum detection is discussed in light of the present-day scarcity of genuine human infections. Nevertheless, actual infections are known in the paleoparasitological record, and food habits may have led to false parasitism in this historical context. aDNA leaching from overlying strata may also explain this detection. This study strongly pleads for a systematic integrative approach combining microscopy and aDNA in paleoparasitology.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/historia , Ascaris/aislamiento & purificación , Dicroceliasis/historia , Dicrocoelium/aislamiento & purificación , Parasitosis Intestinales/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Ascariasis/parasitología , Ciudades , Dicroceliasis/parasitología , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Italia , Tricuriasis/parasitología
2.
Sci Rep ; 10(1): 12656, 2020 07 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32728085

RESUMEN

This study evidenced the presence of parasites in a cesspit of an aristocratic palace of nineteenth century in Sardinia (Italy) by the use of classical paleoparasitological techniques coupled with next-generation sequencing. Parasite eggs identified by microscopy included helminth genera pathogenic for humans and animals: the whipworm Trichuris sp., the roundworm Ascaris sp., the flatworm Dicrocoelium sp. and the fish tapeworm Diphyllobothrium sp. In addition, 18S rRNA metabarcoding and metagenomic sequencing analysis allowed the first description in Sardinia of aDNA of the human specific T. trichiura species and Ascaris genus. Their presence is important for understanding the health conditions, hygiene habits, agricultural practices and the diet of the local inhabitants in the period under study.


Asunto(s)
ADN Antiguo/aislamiento & purificación , Parasitosis Intestinales/historia , Metagenómica/métodos , ARN Ribosómico 18S/genética , Trichuris/clasificación , Animales , ADN Protozoario/genética , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Sedimentos Geológicos/parasitología , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Historia del Siglo XIX , Especificidad del Huésped , Humanos , Italia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Tricuriasis/historia , Trichuris/genética , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
3.
J Parasitol ; 105(4): 539-545, 2019 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31310584

RESUMEN

Although parasitic infection by Trichuris trichiura is a very common intestinal helminthic disease worldwide, there is still insufficient information on the genetic characteristics of ancient T. trichiura in different spatiotemporal perspectives. Utilizing coprolite specimens obtained from 15th-18th century mummies dating to the Joseon Dynasty, we analyzed small-subunit ribosomal RNA, internal transcribed spacer 2, and ATP synthase subunit 8 of T. trichiura ancient DNA (aDNA). In BLAST and phylogenetic analyses, the T. trichiura aDNA sequences of this study belong to a separate cluster that is evidently distinct from the other genus Trichuris spp. reported in GenBank. This report characterizes T. trichiura aDNA of pre-20th century East Asia, and in so doing, it also proves the potential of aDNA analysis for differential diagnosis of T. trichiura in cases where ancient parasite eggs are morphologically indeterminate for species identification.


Asunto(s)
Momias/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , ADN de Helmintos/análisis , ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN de Helmintos/historia , Heces/parasitología , Historia del Siglo XV , Historia del Siglo XVI , Historia del Siglo XVII , Historia del Siglo XVIII , Humanos , Corea (Geográfico) , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/análisis , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/genética , ATPasas de Translocación de Protón Mitocondriales/historia , Filogenia , ARN Ribosómico/genética , ARN Ribosómico/historia , Trichuris/clasificación , Trichuris/genética
4.
Korean J Parasitol ; 57(6): 601-605, 2019 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31914511

RESUMEN

As we learn more about parasites in ancient civilizations, data becomes available that can be used to see how infection may change over time. The aim of this study is to assess how common certain intestinal parasites were in China and Korea in the past 2000 years, and make comparisons with prevalence data from the 20th century. This allows us to go on to investigate how and why changes in parasite prevalence may have occurred at different times. Here we show that Chinese liver fluke (Clonorchis sinensis) dropped markedly in prevalence in both Korea and China earlier than did roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and whipworm (Trichuris trichiura). We use historical evidence to determine why this was the case, exploring the role of developing sanitation infrastructure, changing use of human feces as crop fertilizer, development of chemical fertilizers, snail control programs, changing dietary preferences, and governmental public health campaigns during the 20th century.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/epidemiología , Ascaris/aislamiento & purificación , Clonorquiasis/epidemiología , Clonorchis sinensis/aislamiento & purificación , Tricuriasis/epidemiología , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Ascariasis/historia , Ascariasis/parasitología , Ascaris/citología , China/epidemiología , Clonorquiasis/historia , Clonorquiasis/parasitología , Clonorchis sinensis/citología , Historia del Siglo XV , Historia del Siglo XVI , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia Antigua , Historia Medieval , Humanos , República de Corea/epidemiología , Tricuriasis/historia , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/citología
5.
Korean J Parasitol ; 57(6): 613-619, 2019 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31914513

RESUMEN

Paleoparasitological analysis was carried on 4 Merovingian skeletons, dated from the late-5th to the late-9th centuries, and recovered in the church of Saint-Martin-au-Val in Chartres (Center region, France). The corpses were buried in stone sarcophagi, which were still sealed at the time of excavation. Parasite marker extraction was conducted on sediment samples taken from the abdominal and pelvic regions, but also on samples taken from under the head and the feet as control samples. Microscopic observation revealed the presence of 3 gastrointestinal parasites, namely the roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), the whipworm (Trichuris trichiura) and the fish tapeworm (genus Diphyllobothrium). This analysis contributes to a better knowledge of the health status and the lifestyle of ancient medieval populations during the Merovingian period, for which very few paleoparasitological data were available, up until now. It demonstrates the presence of the fish tapeworm for the first time during this period.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/historia , Difilobotriosis/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Animales , Arqueología/historia , Ascariasis/parasitología , Ascaris lumbricoides/citología , Ascaris lumbricoides/aislamiento & purificación , Cadáver , Difilobotriosis/parasitología , Diphyllobothrium/citología , Diphyllobothrium/aislamiento & purificación , Francia , Sedimentos Geológicos/parasitología , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Óvulo/citología , Paleopatología , Parasitología/historia , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/citología , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
6.
Proc Biol Sci ; 285(1888)2018 10 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30282648

RESUMEN

Throughout history, humans have been afflicted by parasitic worms, and eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits. This study integrated parasitological and ancient DNA methods with a large sample set dating between Neolithic and Early Modern periods to explore the utility of molecular archaeoparasitology as a new approach to study the past. Molecular analyses provided unequivocal species-level parasite identification and revealed location-specific epidemiological signatures. Faecal-oral transmitted nematodes (Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura) were ubiquitous across time and space. By contrast, high numbers of food-associated cestodes (Diphyllobothrium latum and Taenia saginata) were restricted to medieval Lübeck. The presence of these cestodes and changes in their prevalence at approximately 1300 CE indicate substantial alterations in diet or parasite availability. Trichuris trichiura ITS-1 sequences grouped into two clades; one ubiquitous and one restricted to medieval Lübeck and Bristol. The high sequence diversity of T.tITS-1 detected in Lübeck is consistent with its importance as a Hanseatic trading centre. Collectively, these results introduce molecular archaeoparasitology as an artefact-independent source of historical evidence.


Asunto(s)
Evolución Cultural , Heces/parasitología , Helmintos/fisiología , Tricuriasis/historia , Animales , Arqueología , Ciudades/epidemiología , ADN Antiguo/análisis , Variación Genética , Alemania/epidemiología , Helmintos/clasificación , Historia del Siglo XV , Historia del Siglo XVI , Historia del Siglo XVII , Historia Antigua , Historia Medieval , Humanos , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , Parasitología , Tricuriasis/epidemiología , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/genética , Trichuris/fisiología
7.
Parasitology ; 144(1): 48-58, 2017 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26741568

RESUMEN

The archaeological evidence for parasites in the Roman era is presented in order to demonstrate the species present at that time, and highlight the health consequences for people living under Roman rule. Despite their large multi-seat public latrines with washing facilities, sewer systems, sanitation legislation, fountains and piped drinking water from aqueducts, we see the widespread presence of whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides) and Entamoeba histolytica that causes dysentery. This would suggest that the public sanitation measures were insufficient to protect the population from parasites spread by fecal contamination. Ectoparasites such as fleas, head lice, body lice, pubic lice and bed bugs were also present, and delousing combs have been found. The evidence fails to demonstrate that the Roman culture of regular bathing in the public baths reduced the prevalence of these parasites. Fish tapeworm was noted to be widely present, and was more common than in Bronze and Iron Age Europe. It is possible that the Roman enthusiasm for fermented, uncooked fish sauce (garum) may have facilitated the spread of this helminth. Roman medical practitioners such as Galen were aware of intestinal worms, explaining their existence and planning treatment using the humoural theory of the period.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Parasitarias/historia , Mundo Romano , Animales , Disentería Amebiana/epidemiología , Disentería Amebiana/historia , Disentería Amebiana/parasitología , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/epidemiología , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/historia , Infestaciones Ectoparasitarias/parasitología , Entamoeba histolytica/aislamiento & purificación , Europa (Continente)/epidemiología , Heces/parasitología , Helmintiasis/epidemiología , Helmintiasis/historia , Helmintiasis/parasitología , Helmintos/aislamiento & purificación , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Enfermedades Parasitarias/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Saneamiento , Tricuriasis/epidemiología , Tricuriasis/historia , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
8.
J Parasitol ; 101(1): 57-63, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25357228

RESUMEN

Ancient parasite eggs were recovered from environmental samples collected at a Viking-age settlement in Viborg, Denmark, dated 1018-1030 A.D. Morphological examination identified Ascaris sp., Trichuris sp., and Fasciola sp. eggs, but size and shape did not allow species identification. By carefully selecting genetic markers, PCR amplification and sequencing of ancient DNA (aDNA) isolates resulted in identification of: the human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura , using SSUrRNA sequence homology; Ascaris sp. with 100% homology to cox1 haplotype 07; and Fasciola hepatica using ITS1 sequence homology. The identification of T. trichiura eggs indicates that human fecal material is present and, hence, that the Ascaris sp. haplotype 07 was most likely a human variant in Viking-age Denmark. The location of the F. hepatica finding suggests that sheep or cattle are the most likely hosts. Further, we sequenced the Ascaris sp. 18S rRNA gene in recent isolates from humans and pigs of global distribution and show that this is not a suited marker for species-specific identification. Finally, we discuss ancient parasitism in Denmark and the implementation of aDNA analysis methods in paleoparasitological studies. We argue that when employing species-specific identification, soil samples offer excellent opportunities for studies of human parasite infections and of human and animal interactions of the past.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/historia , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/historia , Fascioliasis/historia , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Animales , Ascaris/clasificación , Ascaris/genética , Ascaris/aislamiento & purificación , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitología , Dermatoglifia del ADN , Dinamarca , Fasciola hepatica/clasificación , Fasciola hepatica/genética , Fasciola hepatica/aislamiento & purificación , Historia Medieval , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Óvulo/clasificación , Paleopatología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/parasitología , Trichuris/clasificación , Trichuris/genética , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
9.
J Parasitol ; 98(6): 1273-5, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22924925

RESUMEN

For the first time in the study of ancient parasites, analyses were carried out on samples taken from a First World War settlement in France (Geispolsheim, region of Alsace). Microscopic examination of sediment samples revealed the presence of 3 common human parasites, i.e., Trichuris trichiura , Ascaris lumbricoides , and Taenia sp. A review of paleoparasitological studies in Europe shows that these 3 parasites have infected humanity for centuries. Despite this recurrence, literature shows that knowledge regarding many helminths was limited, and their life cycles were only relatively recently elucidated. Finally, the present study provides additional information about the health of the German soldiers and the sanitary conditions in the trenches during the first modern world conflict.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/historia , Parasitosis Intestinales/historia , Personal Militar/historia , Teniasis/historia , Cuartos de Baño/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Primera Guerra Mundial , Animales , Ascaris lumbricoides/aislamiento & purificación , Francia , Alemania , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Taenia/aislamiento & purificación , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
12.
J Parasitol ; 97(5): 862-7, 2011 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21506807

RESUMEN

Previously, we reported a tick recovered from Antelope Cave in extreme northwest Arizona. Further analyses of coprolites from Antelope Cave revealed additional parasitological data from coprolites of both human and canid origin. A second tick was found. This site is the only archaeological locality where ticks have been recovered. We also discovered an acanthocephalan in association with Enterobius vermicularis eggs in the same coprolite. This association shows that the coprolite was deposited by a human. This discovery expands our knowledge of the range of prehistoric acanthocephalan infection. In addition, findings from canid coprolites of Trichuris vulpis are reported. This is the first published discovery of T. vulpis from a North American archaeological context. The close association of dogs with humans at Ancestral Puebloan (Anasazi) sites raises the potential that zoonotic parasites were transferred to the human population. The archaeological occupation is associated with the Ancestral Pueblo culture 1,100 yr ago.


Asunto(s)
Acantocéfalos/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de los Perros/historia , Helmintiasis/historia , Animales , Arqueología , Arizona , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Perros , Enterobiasis/historia , Enterobius/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/parasitología , Historia Medieval , Humanos , Indígenas Norteamericanos/historia , Infestaciones por Garrapatas/historia , Garrapatas , Tricuriasis/historia , Tricuriasis/veterinaria , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Zoonosis/historia
13.
J Parasitol ; 95(3): 646-51, 2009 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18950245

RESUMEN

The aim of the present study was to examine the parasite fauna present in rodent coprolites collected from Cerro Casa de Piedra (CCP7), located in Perito Moreno National Park (P.N.PM., 47 degrees 57'S and 72 degrees 05'W), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Eight coprolites obtained from the layer XIII of CCP7, with an antiquity considered as 7,920 +/- 130 yr B.P, were examined for parasites. Each coprolite was whole processed, rehydrated, homogenized, spontaneously sedimented, and examined using light microscopy. Eggs of parasites were measured and photographed. All the samples were parasitized by nematodes, with 267 eggs of Trichuris sp., 24 eggs of an aspidoderid, and 3 capillariid eggs. The rodent host was tentatively identified as a species of Ctenomys, the hypogeic rodents endemic to South America. The finding of Paraspidodera in Patagonian samples represents new evidence that strengthens the co-phylogenies between nematodes of this genus and Ctenomys and reinforces the value of parasites as tags in paleoparasitology.


Asunto(s)
Heces/parasitología , Fósiles , Paleopatología , Enfermedades Parasitarias en Animales/historia , Enfermedades de los Roedores/historia , Animales , Argentina , Ascarídidos/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Ascaridida/historia , Infecciones por Ascaridida/parasitología , Enóplidos/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Enoplida/historia , Infecciones por Enoplida/parasitología , Historia Antigua , Óvulo , Enfermedades Parasitarias en Animales/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Roedores/parasitología , Roedores , Tricuriasis/historia , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
14.
J Parasitol ; 93(3): 589-92, 2007 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17626351

RESUMEN

Previous studies have successfully shown evidence for parasitic infections in human remains from various archaeological sites. However, in the case of Korea, since there have been very few paleoparasitological reports published, pre-20th century parasitic infection patterns remain obscure. Therefore, in order to partly fill this gap, we are reporting on a case of paleoparasitic infection from the feces of a 15th century child mummy from Yangju, Korea. In the course of the present study, we found the eggs of Clonorchis sinensis, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura in the feces of the mummy. Trichuris trichiura eggs were found in far greater numbers than other parasite eggs; in fact, intact bipolar plugs were clearly observed and even the larvae were still visible in some eggs. The eggs of C. sinensis and A. lumbricoides were also well preserved, though not in as great a number. Since we could find a number of well-preserved larvae-containing eggs, we are encouraged that successful extraction, amplification, and sequence determination of ancient DNA from the paleoparasite eggs might be possible in future studies. With additional paleoparasitological investigation using feces from Korean mummies, we hope that a history of parasite infection in Korea will be reconstructed.


Asunto(s)
Helmintiasis/historia , Momias/parasitología , Animales , Ascariasis/historia , Ascaris lumbricoides/aislamiento & purificación , Clonorquiasis/historia , Clonorchis sinensis/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/parasitología , Historia del Siglo XV , Humanos , Tricuriasis/historia , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
15.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 61(3/4): 172-175, dic. 2006. ilus
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-453329

RESUMEN

En este trabajo, que tiene como objetivo el estudio paleoparasitológico, se analizan sedimentos procedentes del rescate arqueológico de un entierro múltiple en un alero rocoso, cercano a la localidad de Río Mayo, al sudoeste del Chubut. Se obtuvieron sedimentos extraídos de la región pélvica de un esqueleto humano procedente de Patagonia y vinculado al período de contacto europeo-aborigen. Mediante técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas se registraron huevos de anoplocefálidos y de Trichuris sp. La inspección macroscópica previa de la muestra evidenció fecas de roedor y su examen paleoparasitológico evidenció huevos de anoplocefálidos, Trichuris sp, Capillaria sp y un ascadidido no identificado. Por lo tanto, se advierte la posible contaminación del depósito con parásitos de roedores.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Humanos , Heces/parasitología , Infecciones por Nematodos/historia , Paleopatología , Sedimentos , Argentina , Capillaria/ultraestructura , Cestodos/ultraestructura , Infecciones por Cestodos/historia , Infecciones por Enoplida/historia , Roedores , Trichuris/ultraestructura , Tricuriasis/historia
16.
J Parasitol ; 90(1): 171-3, 2004 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15040686

RESUMEN

Until now, Dicrocoelium sp. eggs have only been recorded from European and 1 North American archaeological sites. We present evidence for the first record of Dicrocoelium sp. from an African archaeological site. A paleoparasitological study was conducted on 7 coprolite samples from K2, a Late Iron Age site on the farm Greefswald, in the Northern Province of South Africa. Standard parasitological analysis revealed the presence of Dicrocoelium sp. and Trichuris sp. eggs. Today, the parasite does not occur in this region. Trichurid eggs are a relatively common find in paleoparasitological analysis. The presence of Dicrocoelium sp. provides new clues about the antiquity of this parasite, as well as aspects of ancient environment, climate, and interactions among humans, animals, and parasites.


Asunto(s)
Dicroceliasis/historia , Dicrocoelium/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/parasitología , Paleopatología , Animales , Dicroceliasis/parasitología , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Óvulo , Sudáfrica , Tricuriasis/historia , Tricuriasis/parasitología , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
17.
J Parasitol ; 89(4): 738-43, 2003 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14533684

RESUMEN

The royal burial chamber of what is today the Collegiate-Basilica of St. Isidoro in León, Spain, built and remodeled between the 10th and 13th centuries and in the 20th century renamed the Kings' Pantheon, has 13 royal tombs that were opened in the presence of the Abbot-Prior of the Collegiate to enable a group of researchers to obtain all possible information from the royal remains. Several samples were sent to the Parasitology Unit of the Animal Pathology (Animal Health) Department at the Veterinary Faculty of León (Spain). In all the tombs, eggs and remains of nonparasitic mites were observed. In a piece of linen cloth from the bottom of 1 tomb, an Anoplocephala perfoliata egg was found. Furthermore, 4 mummified bodies were found. In 2 of these, those belonging to Infantes María and Fernando, Ascaris lumbricoides eggs were found and in the latter Trichuris trichiura eggs. We have not found in the literature reviewed any records of studies of this kind carried out in Spain.


Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/historia , Infecciones por Cestodos/historia , Infestaciones por Ácaros/historia , Sarcocistosis/historia , Tricuriasis/historia , Animales , Ascaris lumbricoides/aislamiento & purificación , Cestodos/aislamiento & purificación , Historia Medieval , Humanos , Momias/parasitología , Músculo Esquelético/parasitología , Sarcocystis/aislamiento & purificación , España , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
18.
J Parasitol ; 86(4): 846-9, 2000 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10958469

RESUMEN

Archeological deposits from the 19th century company town of Fayette, Michigan were analyzed for evidence of endoparasitic infection in the human population residing in the town between 1867 and 1891. Three privies were associated with upper-income and middle-income neighborhoods; 2 household refuse disposal areas were found in a predominately lower-income immigrant working class neighborhood. Sediment samples from 2 privies associated with dwellings in the middle-income neighborhood were positive for eggs of the human whipworm Trichuris trichiura. The parasite was probably also present among residents of the lower income neighborhood, but the shallow nature of the refuse deposits in that locality precluded preservation of the eggs. Contemporary epidemiologic studies of helminth infections support the belief that T. trichiura may have been a common parasite of 19th century school-age children given the natural inclination of young children to defecate indiscriminately, play freely in the dirt, and eat without washing their hands.


Asunto(s)
Tricuriasis/historia , Animales , Heces/parasitología , Historia del Siglo XIX , Humanos , Michigan , Factores Socioeconómicos , Cuartos de Baño/historia , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación
20.
J Parasitol ; 82(3): 512-5, 1996 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8636865

RESUMEN

Excavations at the 17th century site of Ferryland during the past 2 summers have revealed thousands of artifacts and the remains of several structures. Of particular interest here was the discovery of the remains of a privy and associated stable. Examination of privy contents revealed the presence of eggs of 4 parasites: Ascaris, Trichuris, Taenia, and Dicrocoelium. Their identification represents the first reported discovery of parasite remains in an archeological context in Canada. Due to possible contamination by domestic animal feces, it was not possible to determine with certainty if the eggs are of human origin.


Asunto(s)
Helmintiasis/historia , Animales , Ascariasis/historia , Dicroceliasis/historia , Heces/parasitología , Historia del Siglo XVII , Humanos , Terranova y Labrador , Teniasis/historia , Cuartos de Baño/historia , Tricuriasis/historia
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