Wavelet-based multifractal analysis of nonlinear time series: the earthquake-driven tsunami of 27 February 2010 in Chile.

We study general multifractal properties of tidal gauge and long-wave time series which show a well defined transition between two states, as is the case of sea level when a tsunami arrives. We adopt a method based on discrete wavelets, called wavelet leaders, which has been successfully used in a wide range of applications from image analysis to biomedical signals. First, we analyze an empirical time series of tidal gauge from the tsunami event of 27 February 2010 in Chile. Then, we study a numerical solution of the driven-damped regularized long-wave equation (RLWE) which displays on-off intermittency. Both time series are characterized by a sudden change between two sharply distinct dynamical states. Our analysis suggests a correspondence between the pre- and post-tsunami states (ocean background) and the on state in the RLWE, and also between the tsunami state (disturbed ocean) and the off state in the RLWE. A qualitative similarity in their singularity spectra is observed, and since the RLWE is used to model shallow water dynamics, this result could imply an underlying dynamical similarity.

Características epidemiológicas de los fallecidos durante el terremoto y maremoto de Chile 2010 / Epidemiological profile of deaths after the 2010 earthquake in Chile

Background: On February 27, 2010 a powerful earthquake followed by a tsunami stroke Chile. The study of mortality during this emergency can provide important public health information. Aim: To describe the main characteristics of people who died during the earthquake and the following three months. Material and Methods: Cross sectional analysis of death records databases obtained from Department of Health Statistics and Information of the Ministry of Health and the Coroner office. Results: Until May 25,2010, 505 corpses were completely identified. Seventy two of these corresponded to people aged 80 years or more. The higher age adjusted death rates per 100,000 inhabitants were observed among subjects aged more than 80 years and those aged 70 to 79 years (22.6 and 7.7 respectively). The higher rates of deaths were observed in regions where the earthquake had a higher intensity and coastal regions affected by the tsunami. The causes of death were trauma in 75% of cases and drowning in 25%. There was no association between the Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity and rates of death. Among deceased subjects, there was a concentration of unemployed, under educated and low socioeconomic status subjects. Conclusions: After the earthquake, the higher rates of deaths occurred among older people and in the region of the epicenter of the earthquake. Most deaths were due to trauma.

[Epidemiological profile of deaths after the 2010 earthquake in Chile]. / Características epidemiológicas de los fallecidos durante el terremoto y maremoto de Chile 2010.

BACKGROUND: On February 27, 2010 a powerful earthquake followed by a tsunami stroke Chile. The study of mortality during this emergency can provide important public health information. AIM: To describe the main characteristics of people who died during the earthquake and the following three months. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross sectional analysis of death records databases obtained from Department of Health Statistics and Information of the Ministry of Health and the Coroner office. RESULTS: Until May 25,2010, 505 corpses were completely identified. Seventy two of these corresponded to people aged 80 years or more. The higher age adjusted death rates per 100,000 inhabitants were observed among subjects aged more than 80 years and those aged 70 to 79 years (22.6 and 7.7 respectively). The higher rates of deaths were observed in regions where the earthquake had a higher intensity and coastal regions affected by the tsunami. The causes of death were trauma in 75% of cases and drowning in 25%. There was no association between the Mercalli scale of earthquake intensity and rates of death. Among deceased subjects, there was a concentration of unemployed, under educated and low socioeconomic status subjects. CONCLUSIONS: After the earthquake, the higher rates of deaths occurred among older people and in the region of the epicenter of the earthquake. Most deaths were due to trauma.

Estadística de las emergencias producidas en el Perú durante 1996: una contribución al Decenio Internacional para la Reducción de los Desastres Naturales / Statistics on emergencies produced in Peru during 1996

Presenta el compendio estadístico de todas las emergencias ocurridas en el Perú durante 1996. Incluye la descripción del fenómeno indicando los daños y las acciones tomadas por el INDECI, las Direcciones Regionales y/o la autoridad del sistema. La colección cuenta con el mismo compendio correspondiente al año 1994, con el mismo código