Dia 19 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Coloque fibra em sua vida

Dia 19 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Coloque fibra em sua vida

Dia 19 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Coloque fibra em sua vida

Dia 17 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Mexa-se

Dia 17 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Mexa-se

Dia 12 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Aposte na salada

Dia 17 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Mexa-se

Dia 12 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Aposte na salada

Dia 12 do Desafio 21 Dias para sua saúde: Aposte na salada

The causality-chance binomial: explanatory principle of scientific knowledge in medicine?

This essay questions mathematical truths as an explanatory principle of the medical scientific knowledge. It analyzes, in the first place, the current concept of normality based on a distribution of probabilistic values and its limitations and mistakes to capture the complexity of the human condition are highlighted. The closed systems (gambling) origin of the theory of probabilities and the binomial causality-chance are compared with open systems typical of the complexity of the vital process, and their extreme differences are argued. The nonsense of depositing in the causality-chance binomial the meaning of associations between events typical of the complexity of human life in health and disease is highlighted. The characteristics of mechanistic causality (punctual, homogeneous, linear, unidirectional and fixed), which equates the organism with a machine and is the only accepted scientific explanation of events of human life, are confronted with those of contextual causality (diffuse, heterogeneous, hierarchical, multidirectional and changing), which specifies various interacting causal orders that shape of human condition: the historical, the social, the political, the economical, the cultural or the biological that represents a scrutinizing and penetrating look at the complexity of human beings. It concludes the superiority of contextual causality over mechanistic causality that opens up explanatory possibilities of the vital events that are usually put away as "effects of chance". This integrative approach to the human complexity can enrich and strengthen the clinical method that is now degraded and at risk of extinction.

Este ensayo cuestiona las verdades matemáticas como principio explicativo del conocimiento científico médico. Se analiza, en primer término, el concepto de normalidad actual basado en una distribución de valores probabilísticos, y se destacan sus limitaciones y equívocos para captar la complejidad de la condición humana. Los sistemas cerrados (juegos de azar), origen de la teoría de las probabilidades y del binomio causalidad-azar, se comparan con los sistemas abiertos propios del proceso vital y se argumentan sus diferencias extremas. Se destaca el despropósito de depositar en el binomio causalidad-azar el significado de asociaciones entre sucesos propios de la complejidad de la vida humana en salud y enfermedad. Se confrontan las características de la causalidad mecanicista (puntual, lineal, unidireccional, homogénea y fija), que equipara al organismo con una máquina y es la única explicación científica aceptada del acontecer de la vida humana, con las de la causalidad contextual (difusa, heterogénea, jerárquica, multidireccional y cambiante), que especifica diversos órdenes causales interactuantes que dan forma a la condición humana: el histórico, el social, el político, el económico, el cultural o el biológico, que representa una mirada escrutadora y penetrante de la complejidad de los seres humanos. Se concluye la superioridad de la causalidad contextual sobre la mecanicista, que abre posibilidades explicativas de sucesos vitales que suelen arrumbarse como «efectos del azar¼. Esta aproximación integradora a la complejidad humana puede enriquecer y fortalecer el método clínico, hoy degradado y en riesgo de extinción.

La formación específica en sostenibilidad y medio ambiente en el personal sanitario / Specific training on sustainability and environment for healthcare staff

Objetivo: identificar y describir las pautas formativas específicas en sostenibilidad y medioambiente para el personal sanitario.Método: se llevó a cabo una revisión narrativa en 2021, mediante la búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos contenidas en la herramienta de búsqueda de la Universidad Católica de Murcia (BUSCAM) y documentos en la entidad Ecoembes. Se usaron los términos MeSH: education, environment, climate change, health, sustainability, health professionals.Resultados: se localizaron 707 documentos, de los cuales 15 fueron incluidos en la revisión. Se evidencia la implicación y el impacto en la salud humana del desarrollo sostenible, que ocasiona y constituye la razón por la cual el sector de la salud ha sido incluido en la búsqueda de soluciones al problema. Aunque se están dando pasos importantes, aún no es suficiente para incorporar totalmente la materia de sostenibilidad en las competencias que adquieren los profesionales de la salud. Es esencial tener entornos de aprendizaje adecuados, acompañado de una actitud y comportamiento responsable. Así como, asumir una actitud proactiva hacia la sostenibilidad ambiental en su vida diaria.Conclusiones: las mejoras en esta materia harán líderes a los profesionales de la salud en este campo, para catalizar y apoyar una respuesta sólida de la salud pública al cambio climático, con el fin de garantizar un futuro seguro y sostenible.(AU)

Objectives: to identify and describe the specific training guidelines on sustainability and environment for healthcare staff.Method: a narrative review was conducted in 2021, through a search for articles in the databases included in the search tool from the Universidad Católica de Murcia (BUSCAM) and documents in the ECOEMBES organization. The following MeSH terms in English were used: education, environment, climate change, health, sustainability, health professionals.Results: in total, 707 documents were retrieved, and 15 of these were included in the review. The consequences and impact on human health of sustainable development was evident; this is the cause and reason for including the health sector in the search for solutions to the problem. Even though great steps are being taken, this is still not enough in order to incorporate completely the subject of sustainability into the skills acquired by health professionals. It is essential to have the adequate learning environments, as well as a responsible attitude and behaviour. Likewise, a proactive attitude towards environmental sustainability must be adopted in daily life.Conclusions: improvements in this matter will lead healthcare professionals to become leaders in this area, in order to catalyse and support a solid response by public health to climate change, with the aim to guarantee a safe and sustainable future.(AU)

Myeloperoxidase in Health and Disease.

Innate and adaptive immune responses comprise a complex network of protein-protein and protein-cell interactions that regulates commensal flora and protects organisms from foreign pathogens and transformed (proliferating) host cells under physiological conditions such as pregnancy, growth and development as well as formulating a response pathological challenge [...].

The Culture is Prevention Project: measuring cultural connectedness and providing evidence that culture is a social determinant of health for Native Americans.

BACKGROUND: It is important for non-Native persons to understand that the meaning of culture to Native American/Indigenous Peoples is not about esteem, taste or music but rather is described as a cognitive map on how to be. Native American/Indigenous culture can be thought of as all the things and ways in which Native/Indigenous people understand who they are, where they come from and how they are to interact with others. Hundreds of years across many generations have taught that culture-based activities and interventions improve Native/Indigenous health and wellbeing. We explore if increased Native American culture/cultural connectedness is associated with better mental health/well-being and physical health. METHODS: We analyzed data from a two-phased study (N = 259 and N = 102) of 361 urban Native Americans in California (2018-2021). The 29 items validated Cultural Connectedness Scale-California (CCS-CA) measured Native culture/cultural connectedness. Mental health/well-being and physical health were assessed using the: modified Herth Hope Index (mHHI), Satisfaction with Life (SWL), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R-10), Substance Abuse (CAGE-AID), and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL). We conducted Pearson correlations and stepwise regression analyses with CCS-CA as the independent (predictor) variable to explore our main research questions: 1) Is increased Native American/Indigenous culture associated with: 1) better mental health/well-being; and 2) better physical health? RESULTS: Increased Native/Indigenous culture (CCS-CA scores) is significantly associated with better mental health/well-being (mHHI, p < .001) and satisfaction with life (SWL, p < .001) predicts good physical health days (HRQOL, p < .001). Increased connection to Native American/Indigenous culture (CCS-CA scores) is significantly associated with decreased risk for depression (CESD-R-10, p < .0) and substance abuse and (CAGE-AID, p < .07). Significant results for culture as protective against risk for substance abuse (CAGE-AID) was most likely affected (p value approaching significance) due to an error in language on the measure (i.e., created double negative). CONCLUSIONS: Native American/Indigenous culture is a predictor of improved outcomes for mental health/well-being and physical healthy days. Native culture is an important social determinant of health. We add to the evidence that Native/Indigenous culture (i.e., cultural connectedness) be considered an important intervention objective and health-related outcome measure.

Sleep Debt Mediates the Relationship between Work-Related Social Factors, Presenteeism, and Well-Being in Japanese Workers.

Sleep debt is associated with presenteeism and mental health; however, the association of sleep debt with presenteeism and well-being in the context of work-related social factors (commuting time, workdays, and working hours) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine whether work-related social factors are associated with presenteeism and well-being via sleep debt. The participant group comprised 872 full-time and 526 part-time workers (mean age: 44.65 ± 12.37 and 48.47 ± 12.93 years, respectively). For both the full-time and part-time workers, increased sleep debt was significantly associated with presenteeism (ß = -0.171; ß = -0.160) and low well-being (ß = -0.135; ß = -0.153). Notably, commuting time was significantly associated with increased sleep debt in full-time workers (ß = 0.09). In contrast, the number of workdays was significantly associated with increased sleep debt in part-time workers (ß = -0.102). Working hours were not significantly associated with sleep debt for both full- and part-time workers. These results reveal that sleep debt might lead to various risks among workers, elucidating the work-related social factors related to sleep debt. They also highlight the importance of considering work-related social factors when addressing sleep debt.

Trends in Premiums, Claims, and Enrollment for Fully Insured Large Group, Small Group, and Individual Health Plans From 2011 to 2021.

This economic evaluation compares trends in premiums, claims, and enrollment among fully insured large group, small group, and individual health plans in the US from 2001 to 2021.

Cuidado de la vida y salud pública / Life care and public health

Entre los días 17 y 19 de noviembre de 2022 se realizó el 18° Coloquio de Investigación en Salud Pública en el Centro de Estudios en Salud de la Universidad de Nariño (CESUN) de la Universidad de Nariño. Este es un evento anual que se lleva a cabo por iniciativa del Doctorado Interfacultades en Salud Pública de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, pero cada vez más participan escuelas de formación de investigadores(as) en el campo de la salud pública de todo el país y, recientemente, algunas de México.

Diferença entre os vocábulos bucal e oral na terminologia odontológica e seus significados na língua portuguesa / Difference between oral and oral vocables in dental terminology and their meanings in portuguese language

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi discutir sobre a diferença entre os termos bucal e oral na Odontologia, tendo como respaldo a Língua Portuguesa. A metodologia bibliográfica buscou se ancorar em teóricos da linguagem e da Odontologia para investigar a diferença entre tais palavras. Após leitura de textos que versaram sobre essas vertentes, observamos que a principal diferença residiu na origem das palavras bucca e os, originárias do latim clássico e vulgar, respectivamente, com significados distintos. Todavia, ao migrarem para o português, os falantes escolheram o termo bucca em detrimento de os, o qual ainda hoje é usado ao lado de oral, com sentidos semelhantes. Notamos, ainda, que para os profissionais da saúde seria importante padronizar a terminologia, pois facilitaria a compreensão desses termos para pacientes e profissionais de outras áreas, tais como os tradutores; por outro lado, ficou nítido que, em alguns momentos, a unificação terminológica seria mais difícil, pois os contextos de uso teriam que ser mudados. Por fim, destacamos que estudar estes vocábulos no contexto da Odontologia é importante para que tanto pacientes quanto os profissionais de saúde, ou de áreas similares conheçam a peculiar diferença(AU)

The objective of the present work was to discuss the difference between the terms oral and oral in Dentistry, based on the Portuguese language. The bibliographic methodology sought to anchor in language and dentistry theorists to investigate the difference between such words. After reading texts that dealt with these aspects, we observed that the main difference resided in the origin of the word bucca and os, originating from classical and vulgar Latin, respectively, with different meanings. However, when migrating to Portuguese, the speakers chose the term bucca over os, which is still used alongside oral, with similar meanings. We also noted that for health professionals it would be important to standardize the terminology, as it would facilitate the understanding of these terms for patients and professionals from other areas, such as translators; on the other hand, it was clear that at times, terminological unification would be more difficult, as the contexts of use would have to be changed. Finally, we emphasize that studying these words in the context of Dentistry is important so that both patients and health professionals, or from similar areas, know the peculiar difference(AU)

Matriz de consistencia II. Principios y fundamentos de la Atención Primaria de la Salud (APS) y su presencia en la PNMS, MCI Y RIS / Consistency matrix II. Principles and foundations of Primary Health Care (PHC) and its presence in the PNMS, MCI and RIS

La matriz de consistencia II, consigna de forma literal, los textos extraídos de fuentes internacionales y nacionales; permite a los Operadores, Decisores y Gestores en Salud conocer el alineamiento y coherencia de lo propuesto en las fuentes nacionales, respecto de las internacionales. Los IX ítems de comparación (extraídos de las fuentes internacionales), son los principales aspectos desarrollados por la APS. El nexo entre la presente matriz y la matriz I (Políticas, Planes, Discursos, Propuestas y Avances en Salud), es la Política Nacional Multisectorial de Salud al 2030, "Perú País Saludable" (PNMS); a través de la misma, se aprecia la coherencia y alineamiento de los otros documentos analizados en la matriz I, con la APS, y con su instrumentalizacion/opertivización a través del Modelo De Cuidado Integral De La Salud Por Curso De Vida Para La Persona, Familia Y Comunidad (MCI) y las Redes Integradas de Salud (RIS).

Exploring the role of positive body image in healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa: A gender comparison.

Current scholarship on orthorexia nervosa remains undecided about the role of body image in this novel eating disorder. This study aimed to explore the role of positive body image in differentiating between healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa and assess how this might differ for men and women. A total of 814 participants (67.1% women; age M = 40.30, SD = 14.50) completed the Teruel Orthorexia scale, as well as measures of embodiment, intuitive eating, body appreciation and functionality appreciation. A cluster analysis revealed four distinct profiles characterized by high healthy orthorexia and low orthorexia nervosa; low healthy orthorexia and low orthorexia nervosa; low healthy orthorexia and high orthorexia nervosa; and high healthy orthorexia and high orthorexia nervosa. A MANOVA identified significant differences for positive body image between these four clusters, as well as that there were no significant differences between men and women for healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa, despite men scoring significantly higher than women on all measures of positive body image. Cluster × gender interaction effects were found for intuitive eating, functionality appreciation, body appreciation and experience of embodiment. These findings indicate that the role of positive body image in healthy orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa may differ for men and women, making these relationships worthy of further exploration.