Relationship of vitamin D intake, serum 25(OH) D, and solar ultraviolet-B radiation with the risk of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis.

The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate whether vitamin D intake, serum 25(OH) D, and solar ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation have an effect on the incidence of gastric cancer. Keyword searches of online databases were performed from January 2000 to October 2020. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the relationship of vitamin D intake, serum 25(OH) D level, and UVB radiation with the risk of gastric cancer. A total of 11 articles were included and analyzed. When the highest and lowest intake levels of vitamin D were compared, no significant association was found between vitamin D intake and gastric cancer incidence [effect size (ES): 1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-1.16, P = 0.983]. The ES of serum 25(OH) D level and gastric cancer incidence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.77-1.11, P = 0.4), suggesting no relationship between 25(OH) D level and gastric cancer risk. High UVB radiation was associated with lower gastric cancer incidence (ES: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.84-0.89, P = 0) compared with low UVB radiation. Vitamin D intake and serum 25(OH) D level had no relationship with the risk of gastric cancer. However, an inverse association was found between solar UVB radiation and gastric cancer incidence.

The Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerve Without Abnormal Subclavian Artery: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature.

As a variant of recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (RILN), the nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) is closely related to the occurrence of abnormal subclavian artery (ASA). The nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve has been found in patients without arterial abnormalities, which is seen in the coexistence of NRILN and RILN, but it is easily confused with sympathetic-inferior laryngeal anastomosis branch (SILAB). We encountered 2 right NRILN patients without ASA during thyroid surgery. This article summarizes the characteristics of these cases and proposes methods to distinguish the coexistence of NRILN and RILN from SILAB. So far, 11 articles have reported 16 cases of NRILN without arterial abnormalities. In patients without artery abnormality, the vagus nerve could send out a descending branch NRILN at the bifurcation of the carotid artery and enter the larynx after anastomosis with RILN. Adequate dissection of the carotid sheath may avoid confusion with SILAB, and neural monitoring is also expected to provide a reference for the identification.