RESUMEN
Based on the continuous data of O3ï¼ NOï¼ NO2ï¼ and NOx and the meteorological data from March 2019 to February 2020 at six atmospheric composition observation stations in Shanxi Provinceï¼ the characteristics and influence factors of O3 volume fractions were studied using statistical analysis and backward trajectory analysis. The results showed that O3 volume fractions were generally higher from April to September and lower from October to the following March. During the study periodï¼ O3 pollution represented by φï¼MDA8O3ï¼ï¼ i.e.ï¼ the maximum daily 8-h average of O3 volume fractionsï¼ was the most serious at the Jincheng and Linfen stations in the south of Shanxiï¼ followed by that in the Wutaishanï¼ Shuozhouï¼ and Datong stations in the northï¼ with the least pollution occurring at the Taiyuan station in the middle. There were differences between the urban and alpine stationsï¼ although their seasonal O3 volume fractions were both summer > spring > autumn > winter. O3 volume fractions at the urban station were usually lower than those at the alpine stationï¼ O3 at the urban station might have been influenced by photochemical reactions with precursor NOxï¼ howeverï¼ this was not the main source of high O3 at the alpine station. The peak and valley values appeared at 15ï¼00 and 06ï¼00ï¼ respectivelyï¼ at the urban stationï¼ whereas they appeared at 20ï¼00 and 10ï¼00ï¼ respectivelyï¼ at the alpine stationï¼ representing diametrically opposite diurnal variation patterns. Furtherï¼ the daily amplitude of O3 at the urban station was much larger than that at the alpine station. For urban stations specificallyï¼ temperature was the most important meteorological factor affecting O3 volume fractionï¼ compared with sunlight hoursï¼ precipitationï¼ and total cloud cover. The NO2 volume fraction in the daytime affected the daily amplitude of O3ï¼ although the photochemical generation potential of O3 at the Taiyuan station was goodï¼ the O3 volume fractions were the lowest among urban stations due to strong NO titration. The higher O3 corresponded to lower NOx in which NO2 was dominantï¼ and the higher NOx was largely composed of NOï¼ under which conditions O3 would be depleted completely. The surface wind that affected O3 volume fractions of all stations primarily came from the southeastï¼ southï¼ and southwestï¼ and specific wind speed led to the increase in O3 volume fraction. The geographical situation of the station would cause the difference in the transport of atmospheric pollutantsï¼ whereas the horizontal transmissions of high O3 from the North China Plain and Fenwei Plain were likely to be the common reason for the increase in O3 volume fraction in Shanxi.
RESUMEN
The association between serum uric acid (SUA) level and sexual dysfunction in patients with diabetes is not well characterized. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes metabolic disorders, including abnormal serum uric acid (SUA) levels. In this study, we enrolled 205 male patients with T2DM and investigated the relationship between sex hormone levels and SUA. Patients were divided into four groups based on SUA quartiles. On the other hand, based on the total testosterone (TT) level, patients were divided into three groups; SUA and other laboratory indices were determined. Increase in SUA level was significantly associated with decreased levels of TT, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, and increased levels of dehydroepiandrosterone, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and HOMA-IR levels. SUA, waist circumference, BMI, and HOMA-IR showed a negative correlation with TT level, while age showed a positive correlation with TT level. SUA and body mass index were found to be risk factors for gonadal dysfunction. Therefore, we conclude that hypogonadism of male patients with T2DM is related to SUA level.
