Care biography: A concept analysis.

In this article, we investigate how the concept of Care Biography and related concepts are understood and operationalised and describe how it can be applied to advancing our understanding and practice of holistic and person-centred care. Walker and Avant's eight-step concept analysis method was conducted involving multiple database searches, with potential or actual applications of Care Biography identified based on multiple discussions among all authors. Our findings demonstrate Care Biography to be a novel overarching concept derived from the conjunction of multiple other concepts and applicable across multiple care settings. Concepts related to Care Biography exist but were more narrowly defined and mainly applied in intensive care, aged care, and palliative care settings. They are associated with the themes of Meaningfulness and Existential Coping, Empathy and Understanding, Promoting Positive Relationships, Social and Cultural Contexts, and Self-Care, which we used to inform and refine our concept analysis of Care Biography. In Conclusion, the concept of Care Biography, can provide a deeper understanding of a person and their care needs, facilitate integrated and personalised care, empower people to be in control of their care throughout their life, and help promote ethical standards of care.

The implementation and impacts of the Comprehensive Care Standard in Australian acute care hospitals: a survey study.

BACKGROUND: Comprehensive care (CC) is becoming a widely acknowledged standard for modern healthcare as it has the potential to improve health service delivery impacting both patient-centred care and clinical outcomes. In 2019, the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care mandated the implementation of the Comprehensive Care Standard (CCS). However, little is known about the implementation and impacts of the CCS in acute care hospitals. Our study aimed to explore care professionals' self-reported knowledge, experiences, and perceptions about the implementation and impacts of the CCS in Australian acute care hospitals. METHODS: An online survey using a cross-sectional design that included Australian doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals in acute care hospitals was distributed through our research team and organisation, healthcare organisations, and clinical networks using various methods, including websites, newsletters, emails, and social media platforms. The survey items covered self-reported knowledge of the CCS and confidence in performing CC, experiences in consumer involvement and CC plans, and perceptions of organisational support and impacts of CCS on patient care and health outcomes. Quantitative data were analysed using Rstudio, and qualitative data were analysed thematically using Nvivo. RESULTS: 864 responses were received and 649 were deemed valid responses. On average, care professionals self-reported a moderate level of knowledge of the CCS (median = 3/5) and a high level of confidence in performing CC (median = 4/5), but they self-reported receiving only a moderate level of organisational support (median = 3/5). Only 4% (n = 17) of respondents believed that all patients in their unit had CCS-compliant care plans, which was attributed to lack of knowledge, motivation, teamwork, and resources, documentation issues, system and process limitations, and environment-specific challenges. Most participants believed the CCS introduction improved many aspects of patient care and health outcomes, but also raised healthcare costs. CONCLUSION: Care professionals are confident in performing CC but need more organisational support. Further education and training, resources, multidisciplinary collaboration, and systems and processes that support CC are needed to improve the implementation of the CCS. Perceived increased costs may hinder the sustainability of the CCS. Future research is needed to examine the cost-effectiveness of the implementation of the CCS.

Principles and elements of patient-centredness in mental health services: a thematic analysis of a systematic review of reviews.

INTRODUCTION: Mental health disorders, particularly depression and anxiety, are widespread globally and necessitate effective solutions. The patient-centred approach has been identified as a viable and effective method for addressing these challenges. This paper synthesised the principles of patient-centred mental health services and provides a comprehensive review of the existing literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a qualitative content analysis study conducted in a systematic review framework in 2022. PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest and Cochrane databases were systematically searched, and by screening the titles, abstracts, and the texts of studies related to the purpose of the research, the data were extracted. Evaluation of the quality of the studies was done using the CASP checklist for qualitative studies. After selecting the final studies based on the entry and exit criteria, subsequently, a thematic analysis of findings was conducted on the data obtained from the systematic review. RESULTS: The database search produced 6649 references. After screening, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. The quality scores indicated the studies were of high level of quality with acceptable risk of bias. The thematic analysis identified six major principles of patient-centredness in mental health services: education, involvement and cooperation, access, effectiveness and safety, health and well-being, and ethics. CONCLUSIONS: Patient-centredness is a complex approach in mental health services. The principles and elements of patient-centredness foster positive patient outcomes, enhance healthcare quality and ensure compassionate and effective care. Upholding these principles is crucial for delivering patient-centred, ethical and effective mental health services. Furthermore, the study found that patient education can boost adherence and satisfaction, and decrease unnecessary hospitalisations. Patient involvement in decision-making is influenced by their age and the relationship with their psychologists. And, effective leadership and resource management can enhance clinical processes and patient-centredness in mental health services.

Pancreas units within gastroenterology departments. Organizational and operational standards for a patient-centered service.

The Asociación Española de Pancreatología (AESPANC), Asociación Española de Gastroenterología (AEG), and Sociedad Española de Patología Digestiva (SEPD) have developed a consensus document on the standards and recommendations they consider essential for the organization of pancreas units (PUs) within gastroenterology services (GSs) in order to conduct their activities in an efficient, high-quality manner. The consensus document defines PUs and lays down standards relating to their organization, structure, service portfolio, processes, and teaching and research activities. Standards have been categorized as mandatory (requirements to be met to qualify for certification by the scientific societies responsible for the standards) or recommendations. Standards should be updated at most within five years based on the experience gained in Spanish PUs and the advance of knowledge regarding pancreas disease. Development of health outcome indicators, including patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), is considered a relevant challenge, as is evidence on the association of PU structure and activity standards with health outcomes.

The way towards ethical anesthesia care: no aim - no game - no fame or blame?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the intricacies of ethical anesthesia, exploring the necessity for precision anesthesia and its impact on patient-reported outcomes. The primary objective is to advocate for a defined aim, promoting the implementation of rules and feedback systems. The ultimate goal is to enhance precision anesthesia care, ensuring patient safety through the implementation of a teamwork and the integration of feedback mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent strategies in the field of anesthesia have evolved from intraoperative monitorization to a wider perioperative patient-centered precision care. Nonetheless, implementing this approach encounters significant obstacles. The article explores the evidence supporting the need for a defined aim and applicable rules for precision anesthesia's effectiveness. The implementation of the safety culture is underlined. The review delves into the teamwork description with structured feedback systems. SUMMARY: Anesthesia is a multifaceted discipline that involves various stakeholders. The primary focus is delivering personalized precision care. This review underscores the importance of establishing clear aims, defined rules, and fostering effective and well tolerated teamwork with accurate feedback for improving patient-reported outcomes. The Safe Brain Initiative approach, emphasizing algorithmic monitoring and systematic follow-up, is crucial in implementing a fundamental and standardized reporting approach within patient-centered anesthesia care practice.

Integrating support persons into maternity care and associations with quality of care: a postpartum survey of mothers and support persons in Kenya.

BACKGROUND: Despite research that has shown that the presence of support persons during maternity care is associated with more respectful care, support persons are frequently excluded due to facility practices or negative attitudes of providers. Little quantitative research has examined how integrating support persons in maternity care has implications for the quality of care received by women, a potential pathway for improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate how integrating support persons in maternity care is associated with multiple dimensions of the quality of maternity care. METHODS: We used facility-based cross-sectional survey data from women (n = 1,138) who gave birth at six high-volume facilities in Nairobi and Kiambu counties in Kenya and their support persons (n = 606) present during the immediate postpartum period. Integration was measured by the Person-Centered Integration of Support Persons (PC-ISP) items. We investigated quality of care outcomes including person-centered care outcomes (i.e., Person-Centered Maternity Care (PCMC) and Satisfaction with care) and clinical outcomes (i.e., Implementation of WHO-recommended clinical practices). We used fractional regression with robust standard errors to estimate associations between PC-ISP and care outcomes. RESULTS: Compared to low integration, high integration (≥four woman-reported PC-ISP experiences vs. <4) was associated with multiple dimensions of quality care: 3.71%-point (95% CI: 2.95%, 4.46%) higher PCMC scores, 2.76%-point higher (95% CI: 1.86%, 3.65%) satisfaction with care scores, and 4.43%-point (95% CI: 3.52%, 5.34%) higher key clinical practices, controlling for covariates. PC-ISP indicators related to communication with providers showed stronger associations with quality of care compared to other PC-ISP sub-constructs. Some support person-reported PC-ISP experiences were positively associated with women's satisfaction and key practices. CONCLUSIONS: Integrating support persons, as key advocates for women, is important for respectful maternity care. Practices to better integrate support persons, especially improving communication between support persons with providers, can potentially improve the person-centered and clinical quality of maternity care in Kenya and other low-resource settings.

The Why and How of Family-Centered Care.

Although the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education states that neonatal-perinatal medicine fellows must demonstrate an understanding of the emotional impact of admission to the NICU on a family, few curricula are in place to teach this important competency. Family-centered care (FCC) in the NICU is an approach to health care that focuses on decreasing mental and emotional trauma for families while empowering them to reclaim their role as caregivers. FCC is deeply rooted in trauma-informed care and is crucial during transition periods throughout the NICU admission. In this article, we provide a review of FCC and trauma-informed care and how to use these approaches at different stages during an infant's hospitalization. We also discuss parent support networks and how to integrate FCC into an existing NICU practice.

Artificial Intelligence in the Provision of Health Care: An American College of Physicians Policy Position Paper.

Internal medicine physicians are increasingly interacting with systems that implement artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies. Some physicians and health care systems are even developing their own AI models, both within and outside of electronic health record (EHR) systems. These technologies have various applications throughout the provision of health care, such as clinical documentation, diagnostic image processing, and clinical decision support. With the growing availability of vast amounts of patient data and unprecedented levels of clinician burnout, the proliferation of these technologies is cautiously welcomed by some physicians. Others think it presents challenges to the patient-physician relationship and the professional integrity of physicians. These dispositions are understandable, given the "black box" nature of some AI models, for which specifications and development methods can be closely guarded or proprietary, along with the relative lagging or absence of appropriate regulatory scrutiny and validation. This American College of Physicians (ACP) position paper describes the College's foundational positions and recommendations regarding the use of AI- and ML-enabled tools and systems in the provision of health care. Many of the College's positions and recommendations, such as those related to patient-centeredness, privacy, and transparency, are founded on principles in the ACP Ethics Manual. They are also derived from considerations for the clinical safety and effectiveness of the tools as well as their potential consequences regarding health disparities. The College calls for more research on the clinical and ethical implications of these technologies and their effects on patient health and well-being.

Translation and adaptation of the person-centered maternity care scale to a Persian-speaking population: a confirmatory factor analysis.

BACKGROUND: Recognized as the most exhaustive multidimensional evaluation of women's person-centered experiences during childbirth, the Person-Centered Maternity Care (PCMC) Scale offers domain-specific insights into facets of care. This instrument has yet to be translated into Persian. Hence, this study purposed to translate and ascertain the reliability and validity of a Persian version of the PCMC scale for postpartum women in Iran. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was facilitated at multiple comprehensive health centers within Tehran, Iran, from February 2022 until July 2022. Postpartum women within seven days after childbirth who were referred to selected comprehensive health centers for newborn thyroid screening were conveniently sampled. The validation process for the questionnaire utilized confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), while it gauged convergent validity via factor loads, average variance extracted (AVE), along with composite reliability (CR). Discriminant credibility was evaluated utilizing HTMT alongside the Fornell-Larcker Criteria. Data analysis procedures were conducted through IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows Version 16 and SMART PLS Statistics for Windows Version 4.0.9.9. RESULTS: All the items were within the acceptable range of factor loading, except for questions 3 of the facility and 6 of dignity, which were removed from the model. The AVE values for all the variables were above 0.50, and the CR values were above 0.78, indicating convergent validity. On the horizontal loading table, all of the indicators met the conditions. Additionally, the findings validate that the HTMT indicator associated with all constructs remained below 0.9, which confirms divergent relevance about the survey tool under consideration. The composite reliability values also indicated good overall reliability for all the constructs, ranging from 0.78 to 0.91. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that the Persian version of the PCMC is a reliable and valid tool for measuring person-centered maternity care in Persian-speaking populations.

Implementation of a Patient-Reported Outcome Measure: A Quality Improvement Project.

ABSTRACT: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are seen as increasingly beneficial to patient-centered clinical practice, but implementation of routine collection and utilization into clinical care can be challenging. Our interdisciplinary quality improvement (QI) team used the Institute for Health Care Improvement Model for Improvement methodology to address this problem in our outpatient neurorehabilitation program. We used a participatory approach to identify the PROM rehabilitation stakeholders found to be most appropriate to implement in the outpatient settings; chart audits were conducted to determine the extent to which clinicians implemented the PROM and documented a PROM-related goal. Opportunistic clinician feedback was collected to determine single PROM usefulness and acceptability. Our 4-month initiative demonstrated increased collection of a PROM, the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and incorporation into patient-centered goal. Use of QI methodology was beneficial when planning and executing our initiative. Future work is needed to examine factors to sustain PSFS use, incorporation into patient-centered goal setting, and maximize meaningful patient outcomes.

Nurses' Shared Subjectivity on Person-Centered Care for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Nursing Homes.

BACKGROUND: Person-centered care (PCC), an approach to healthcare that focuses on the individual needs, preferences, and values of patients, is particularly important in the context of caring for residents of nursing homes (NHs) with the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, implementing PCC in NHs varies widely due to individual staff, NH environment, and country factors, leading to heterogeneity in person-centered approaches. PURPOSE: This study was designed to explore and gain insight into the shared subjective perspectives of nurses on providing PCC to manage BPSD in NHs in order to elicit a deeper understanding of how nurses interpret and approach the provision of PCC. METHODS: Q methodology was applied to explore the subjective perspectives of nurses. Twenty-nine NH nurses with more than 3 years of experience in managing BPSD completed a Q-sorting task, categorizing 43 Q-samples into a normal distribution shape. Postsorting interviews were conducted after the participants had completed this task. The collected data were analyzed using centroid factor analysis and varimax rotation run within the PQMethod 2.35 program. Interpretation of the resulting factors was based on factor arrays, field notes, and interview data. RESULTS: Four factors from the shared subjective perspectives of nurses related to PCC were identified, including (a) sharing information focused on details to update care strategies, (b) monitoring until the true needs of residents are identified, (c) awareness of interactive cues in relationships, and (d) connecting an individual's life pattern to their current care. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: The findings highlight that a one-size-fits-all approach may not be suitable for all nurses and interventions, indicating that nurses should consider the applicable subjective frames to ensure the effectiveness of planned interventions. A need for PCC education that specifically addresses BPSD management is suggested, with the findings implying that a strong organizational climate with respect to PCC in managing BPSD should promote higher job satisfaction and commitment and reduce turnover rates among nurses in NHs. Facilitating the development of PCC interventions appropriate for BPSD management that encompass the various categories and ranges of NH settings and nursing phenomena is thus recommended.

Patient-Centered Adult Cardiovascular Care: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Patient-centered care is gaining widespread acceptance by the medical and lay communities and is increasingly recognized as a goal of high-quality health care delivery. Patient-centered care is based on ethical principles and aims at establishing a partnership between the health care team and patient, family member, or both in the care planning and decision-making process. Patient-centered care involves providing respectful care by tailoring management decisions to patients' beliefs, preferences, and values. A collaborative care approach can enhance patient engagement, foster shared decision-making that aligns with patient values and goals, promote more personalized and effective cardiovascular care, and potentially improve patient outcomes. The objective of this scientific statement is to inform health care professionals and stakeholders about the role and impact of patient-centered care in adult cardiovascular medicine. This scientific statement describes the background and rationale for patient-centered care in cardiovascular medicine, provides insight into patient-oriented medication management and patient-reported outcome measures, highlights opportunities and strategies to overcome challenges in patient-centered care, and outlines knowledge gaps and future directions.

Survivorship care for people affected by advanced or metastatic cancer: MASCC-ASCO standards and practice recommendations.

PURPOSE: People with advanced or metastatic cancer and their caregivers may have different care goals and face unique challenges compared to those with early-stage disease or those nearing the end-of-life. These MASCC-ASCO standards and practice recommendations seek to establish consistent provision of quality survivorship care for people affected by advanced or metastatic cancer. METHODS: An expert panel comprising MASCC and ASCO members was formed. Standards and recommendations relevant to the provision of quality survivorship care for people affected by advanced or metastatic cancer were developed through conducting: (1) a systematic review of unmet supportive care needs; (2) a scoping review of cancer survivorship, supportive care, and palliative care frameworks and guidelines; and (3) an international modified Delphi consensus process. RESULTS: A systematic review involving 81 studies and a scoping review of 17 guidelines and frameworks informed the initial standards and recommendations. Subsequently, 77 experts (including 8 people with lived experience) across 33 countries (33% were low-to-middle resource countries) participated in the Delphi study and achieved ≥ 94.8% agreement for seven standards (1. Person-Centred Care; 2. Coordinated and Integrated Care; 3. Evidence-Based and Comprehensive Care; 4. Evaluated and Communicated Care; 5. Accessible and Equitable Care; 6. Sustainable and Resourced Care; 7. Research and Data-Driven Care) and ≥ 84.2% agreement across 45 practice recommendations. CONCLUSION: Standards of survivorship care for people affected by advanced or metastatic cancer are provided. These MASCC-ASCO standards will support optimization of health outcomes and care experiences by providing guidance to stakeholders in cancer care (healthcare professionals, leaders, and administrators; governments and health ministries; policymakers; advocacy agencies; cancer survivors and caregivers. Practice recommendations may be used to facilitate future research, practice, policy, and advocacy efforts.

Culture change and lessons learned from ten years in the VA centers of excellence in primary care education.

BACKGROUND: Team-based care is critical to achieving health care value while maximizing patient outcomes. Few descriptions exist of graduate-level team training interventions and practice models. Experience from the multisite, decade-long Veterans Affairs (VA) Centers of Excellence in Primary Care Education provides lessons for developing internal medicine training experiences in interprofessional clinical learning environments. METHODS: A review of multisite demonstration project transforming traditional silo-model training to interprofessional team-based primary care. Using iterative quality improvement approaches, sites evaluated curricula with learner, faculty and staff feedback. Learner- and patient-level outcomes and organizational culture change were examined using mixed methods, within and across sites. Participants included more than 1600 internal medicine, nurse practitioner, nursing, pharmacy, psychology, social work and physical therapy trainees. This took place in seven academic university-affiliated VA primary care clinics with patient centered medical home design RESULTS: Each site developed innovative design and curricula using common competencies of shared decision making, sustained relationships, performance improvement and interprofessional collaboration. Educational strategies included integrated didactics, workplace collaboration and reflection. Sites shared implementation best practices and outcomes. Cross-site evaluations of the impacts of these educational strategies indicated improvements in trainee clinical knowledge, team-based approaches to care and interest in primary care careers. Improved patient outcomes were seen in the quality of chronic disease management, reduction in polypharmacy, and reduced emergency department and hospitalizations. Evaluations of the culture of training environments demonstrated incorporation and persistence of interprofessional learning and collaboration. CONCLUSIONS: Aligning education and practice goals with cross-site collaboration created a robust interprofessional learning environment. Improved trainee/staff satisfaction and better patient care metrics supports use of this model to transform ambulatory care training. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This evaluation was categorized as an operation improvement activity by the Office of Academic Affairs based on Veterans Health Administration Handbook 1058.05, in which information generated is used for business operations and quality improvement (Title 38 Code of Federal Regulations Part 16 (38 CFR 16.102(l)). The overall project was subject to administrative oversight rather Human Subjects Institutional Review Board, as such informed consent was waived as part of the project implementation and evaluation.

Improving Data Infrastructure for Person-Centered Outcomes Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) continue to experience disparities in health and well-being despite improved provisions of person-centered care. Patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) translates evidence into practice for meaningful outcomes. This piece describes findings from an environmental scan and stakeholder outreach to identify and prioritize opportunities to enhance IDD PCOR data infrastructure. These opportunities include developing a standardized research definition; advancing data standards for service systems; improving capture of IDD at point of care; developing standardized outcome measures; and encouraging Medicaid data use for IDD research. Within this piece, we discuss the implications of addressing data gaps for enhanced research. While the identified activities provide a path towards advancing IDD PCOR data infrastructure, collaborative efforts between government, researchers, and others are paramount.

Do clinical guidelines support person-centred care for women affected by dementia: A content analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dementia disproportionately affects women including persons living with dementia and caregivers. Person-centered care, rather than disease-focused, is recommended to improve care for affected persons including caregivers. General practitioners play a central role in dementia care but find it challenging due to inadequate training. The study aimed to assess if and how dementia guidelines provide clinicians with guidance on person-centred care for women affected by dementia. METHODS: We searched for publicly available English-language guidelines on the overall management of dementia in MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Guidelines International Network repository. We employed deductive and summative content analysis, and categorized person-centered care guideline content based on established frameworks, and conveyed our results using summary statistics, text, and tables. RESULTS: We reviewed 15 guidelines published from 2006 to 2020 in eight countries. Few (4, 23%) involved persons living with dementia or caregivers in guideline development. Regarding general person-centred care, guidelines mostly addressed the domains of exchange information (93%), share decisions (93%), enable self-management (93%) and address emotions (87%), while few offered content on manage uncertainty (33%) or foster a healing relationship (13%). Regarding dementia-specific person-centred care, most guidelines addressed intersectionality (tailoring care for diverse characteristics) (80%), but few included content on the domains of quality of life (67%), dignity (53%) or sex/gender issues (20%). Even when mentioned, the guidance was typically brief. We identified 32 general and 18 dementia-specific strategies to achieve person-centered care by compiling information from these guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified inconsistent and insufficient guideline content on person-centred care for women with dementia. Compiled strategies for achieving person-centred care could be used by developers to enhance existing and future dementia guidelines; and inform the development of policies or programs, education, tools for clinicians, and quality improvement measures for evaluating dementia care. Future research is crucial for promoting person-centred dementia care for women living with dementia.

[Take-home messages from the 2nd COPD 2023 Biennial of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases. Placing the patient at the center of the care pathway]. / Principaux messages de la deuxième Biennale BPCO 2023 de la SPLF. Le patient au cœur du parcours de soins.

INTRODUCTION: The second COPD Biennial organized by the COPD working group of the French Society of Respiratory Diseases took place in Paris (Cochin) on 13th December 2023. STATE OF THE ART: Major trends in 2023 were discussed; they encompassed concepts, definitions, biologics, care pathways, pulmonary rehabilitation and complex situations entailed by respiratory infections, cardiovascular comorbidities and pulmonary hypertension, and modalities of oxygen therapy and ventilation. PERSPECTIVES: The different talks underlined major changes in COPD including the concepts of pre-COPD, etiotypes, health trajectories and new definitions of exacerbation. Recent results in biologics for COPD open the door to new pharmacological options. Assessment of current care pathways in France highlighted some causes for concern. For example, pulmonary rehabilitation is a key but insufficiently practiced element. Respiratory infections require careful assessment and treatments. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular comorbidities and pulmonary hypertension are of paramount importance. As of late, oxygen therapy and ventilation modalities have evolved, and are beginning to afford more personalized options. CONCLUSIONS: As regards COPD, a personalized approach is crucial, placing the patient at the center of the care pathway and facilitating coordination between healthcare providers.

Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Person-Centered Care in Fetal Care Centers.

INTRODUCTION: Fetal care centers (FCCs) in the USA lack a standardized instrument to measure person-centered care. This study aimed to develop and validate the Person-Centered Care in Fetal Care Centers (PCC-FCC) Scale. METHODS: Initial items were developed based on literature and input from clinicians and former patients. A Delphi study involving 16 experts was conducted to validate the content and construct. Through three rounds of online questionnaires using open-ended questions and Likert scales, consensus on item clarity and relevancy was established. The resulting items were then piloted with former fetal care center patients via a web-based survey. The instrument's reliability and validity were validated using Cronbach's α and exploratory factor analysis, respectively. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing scores with the Revised Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC-R) Questionnaire. RESULTS: 258 participants completed the 48-item pilot PCC-FCC survey, categorized into six domains. Factor analysis yielded a 2-factor, 28-item scale. Internal consistency of the final scale had good reliability (α = 0.969). Data supported content, construct, and concurrent validity. CONCLUSION: The PCC-FCC Scale is a reliable and valid measure of person-centered care in U.S. FCCs. It can be used to enhance services and begin connecting person-centered care to maternal-child health outcomes.