ABSTRACT
Introduction: In developing countries, 10% of the population is over 60 years old and this proportion is increasing rapidly. The general objective of this study was to describe the profile and management of the elderly subject aged 60 and over, hospitalized in the ENT (Ear, Nose and Throat) and Head/Neck surgery department of the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital in Lomé, from 2012 to 2021. Method: Retrospective descriptive study. After reviewing the files, selection of patients aged 60 and over, regardless of sex, and hospitalized for an ENT pathology from January 2012 to December 2021. Not included in our study were files of elderly subjects hospitalized but whose age was imprecise, or empty or very incomplete files. Results: A total of 296 cases were included, representing 6.7% of the department's activities. The mean age of the patients was 72 ± 7.3 years with extremes of 60 and 95 years. The age group 6069 years represented 59.5%. The sex ratio M/F was 0.92. Infectious/inflammatory lesions were found in 138 patients (46.6%) including 38.9% of acute cellulitis of dental origin, and tumors were found in 135 patients (45.6%). Tumors were malignant in 59 patients (43.7%) and benign in 76 patients (56.3%). Thyroid was the site of 46 (60.5%) benign lesions and larynx of 29 (49.2%) malignant lesions. Poor oral hygiene, use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diabetes and the combination of smoking and alcohol were the factors favoring the occurrence of acute cellulitis of dental origin in 89.6%, 80.9%, 20.0% and 2.6% of cases respectively (p<0.001). The combination of smoking and alcohol was a factor favoring the occurrence of malignancy in 39% (p<0.001). Surgical treatment was performed in 234 patients (79.1%). With a case lethality rate of 21%, acute cellulitis of dental origin was the leading cause of death (p<0.001). Conclusion: The most frequent pathologies of the ENT sphere in the elderly in our tropical context were infectious and tumoral, largely dominated by acute cellulitis of dental origin, thyroid adenoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. Despite the tendency to balance infectious and tumoral pathologies, the proportion of acute cellulitis of dental origin remains twice as high as that of malignant tumors. It contrasts with data from other sub-Saharan series where tumoral pathology remains predominant in the elderly. It is important to provide dental care assistance to the elderly and to advocate for the development of geriatrics and access to universal health coverage for the elderly in Togo.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cellulitis , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Cellulitis/diagnosis , Togo/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Hospitals, University , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , InflammationABSTRACT
Introduction. La documentation des édentements partiels est un indicateur de l'état buccodentaire et permet d'évaluer les besoins en soins prothétiques. L'objectif de ce travail était de décrire le profil des édentements partiels selon la classification de Kennedy-Applegate dans une structure de soins dentaires. Matériels et méthodes. Il Une étude transversale descriptive a été réalisée durant 3 mois dans le service d'odonto-stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio (CHU-SO) de Lomé (Togo). Les données sociodémographiques et cliniques des patients inclus ont été recueillies et analysées grâce au logiciel Jamovi® version 2.2.5. Résultats. L'échantillon comportait 82 sujets dont 50% de femmes. L'âge moyen était de 47,4 ± 15,1ans. Les édentements de classe III de Kennedy prédominaient avec 75,2% des arcades édentées. Les édentements de classe III étaient retrouvés à 82,1% dans la tranche d'âge 19-40 ans, les 61 ans et plus comptaient 20% des classes I et 24% des classes II. L'édentement était significativement associé à l'âge (p=0,046). Conclusion. Il apparait que la classe III de Kennedy est globalement la plus fréquente des édentements partiels et que l'étendue édentement augmenterait avec l'âge
Introduction. Documentation of partial edentulism is an indicator of oral health status and enables prosthetic care needs to be assessed. The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of partial edentulism according to the Kennedy-Applegate classification in a dental care facility. Materials and methods. This A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over a 3-month period in the Odonto-stomatology and maxillofacial surgery department of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio (CHU-SO) in Lomé (Togo). The sociodemographic and clinical data of the included patients were collected and analysed using Jamovi® version 2.2.5 software. Results. The sample included 82 subjects, 50% of whom were women. The average age was 47.4 ± 15.1 years. Kennedy class III edentulism predominated with 75.2% of edentulousness arches. Class III edentulous was found at 82.1% in the 19-40 years age group, those aged 61 years and over had 20% of class I and 24% of class II. Edentulism was significantly associated with age (p=0.046). Conclusion. It appears that Kennedy class III is globally the most frequent of partial edentulism and that the extent of edentulism would increase with age.