Medicinal plants traditionally used in health care practices by inhabitants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The present study is the first quantitative assessment of ethno-medicinal plants of Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir. AIM OF THE STUDY: The study aimed to document the relative importance of medicinal plants used in human ailments by the villagers in the Paddar region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data were collected from 132 informants (72 male and 60 female) through semi structured interviews and group discussions. Use report (UR) and Informant consensus factor (ICF) were employed to quantitatively examine the data. RESULTS: The inhabitants of Paddar reported the use of 98 plants species of 55 families to treat 63 ailments. Rosaceae (10 spp.) was the most frequently used family in the study area. Herbs were dominantly (66 spp., 50%) utilized in herbal preparation and leaves the mostly used plant parts (25%). The highest informant consensus factor (ICF=0.96) was obtained for parasitic problems. Important new uses for species stated by informants to treat human diseases were; Viburnum grandiflorum Wall. ex DC., Sium latijugum C.B.Clarke, Corylus jacquemontii Decne., Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Cannabis sativa L., Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund, Euphorbia helioscopia L., Juglans regia L., Cotoneaster acuminatus Lindl., Ficus palmata Forssk., Plantago lanceolata L., and Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. CONCLUSIONS: The current study contributes towards the preservation of indigenous plants' based knowledge. Although the therapeutic value of most of the preferred medicinal plants has already been validated, some medicinal plants lack proper scientific validation. We recommend further phytochemical investigations and pharmacological validations of Viburnum grandiflorum, C. jacquemontii, F. palmata, Viola pilosa, Cotoneaster acuminatus, Eleucine coracana, Sium latijugum, Aquilegia pubiflora, Euphorbia helioscopia, Plantago lanceolata and Pinus gerardiana.

Estudio comparativo del dolor abdominal en las culturas maya Tzeltal, maya Tzotzil y maya Q ́eqchi ́y el uso de Ageratina ligustrina para su tratamiento / Comparative study of abdominal pain in the Mayan cultures Tzeltal, Maya Tzotzil and Maya Q ́eqchi´ and use of Ageratina ligustrina for the treatment

El presente estudio es una comparación del dolor abdominal producido por trastornos gastrointestinales, aliviado por Ageratina ligustrina , entre los grupos maya Tzeltal, Tzotzil y Q ́eqchi ́, el cual integró un enfoque etnomédico, etnobotánico y transcultural, comparando estudios previos con el presente trabajo de campo. Para evaluar la eficacia de Ageratina para aliviar el dolor abdominal, se realizó un inventario de las moléculas reportadas en esta especie, así como de su actividad farmacológica, a través de una revisión bibliográfica. Los resultados mostraron que la epidemiología del dolor producido por TGI, su etnobotánica y el modelo explicativo del dolor abdominal fueron similares entre grupos étnicos. Asimismo, se identificaron 27 moléculas con efectos antiinflamatorios y antinociceptivos, lo que podría explicar por qué esta especie es culturalmente importante para los pobladores maya Tzeltal, Tzotzil y Q ́eqch i ́ para el alivio del dolor abdominal, mientras que, desde el punto de vista biomédico, es una especie con potencial para inhibir el dolor visceral.

The current study is a comparison of the abdominal pain conception produced by gastrointestinal disorders, relieved by Ageratina ligustrina , among inhabitants of the Mayan Tzeltal, Tzotzil, and Q'eqchi' groups ethnomedical, ethnobotanical, and cross -cultural approaches were used to compare previous studies with the present field work. To evaluate the efficacy of A. ligustrina to relieve pain, also through a bibliographic review an inventory of the molecules present in this species was performed, as well as their pharmacological activity. The results showed that the epidemiology of pain produced by GID, its ethnobotany, and the explanatory model of abdominal pain are similar among ethnic groups. Likewise, 27 molecules with anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects were identified, which could explain why this species is culturally important for the Mayan Tzeltal, Tzotzil, and Q'eqchi' groups for the relief of abdominal pain, while, from a biomedical point of view, it is a species with potential to inhibit visceral pain.

Identification of Hypoglycemic Glycolipids from Ipomoea murucoides by Affinity-Directed Fractionation, In Vitro, In Silico and Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis.

In the pursuit of identifying the novel resin glycoside modulators glucose-6-phosphatase and α-glucosidase enzymes, associated with blood sugar regulation, methanol-soluble extracts from the flowers of Ipomoea murucoides (cazahuate, Nahuatl), renowned for its abundance of glycolipids, were employed. The methanol-soluble extracts were fractionated by applying the affinity-directed method with glucose-6-phosphatase enzymes from a rat's liver and α-glucosidase enzymes from its intestines. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance were employed to identify the high-affinity compound as a free ligand following the release from the enzymatic complex. Gel permeation through a spin size-exclusion column allowed the separated high-affinity molecules to bind to glucose-6-phosphatase and α-glucosidase enzymes in solution, which led to the identification of some previously reported resin glycosides in the flowers of cazahuate, where a glycolipid mainly structurally related to murucoidin XIV was observed. In vitro studies demonstrated the modulating properties of resin glycosides on the glucose-6-phosphatase enzyme. Dynamic light scattering revealed conformational variations induced by resin glycosides on α-glucosidase enzyme, causing them to become more compact, akin to observations with the positive control, acarbose. These findings suggest that resin glycosides may serve as a potential source for phytotherapeutic agents with antihyperglycemic properties.

Chemical Diversity and Medicinal Potential of Vitex negundo L.: From Traditional Knowledge to Modern Clinical Trials.

BACKGROUND: In Vedic context, Nirgundi (V. negundo) has been utilized for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. It has been employed to alleviate pain, treat skin conditions, and address various ailments. The plant's leaves, roots, and seeds have all found applications in traditional remedies. The knowledge of Nirgundi's medicinal benefits has been passed down through generations, and it continues to be a part of Ayurvedic and traditional medicine practices in India.

Diabetes-Related Mechanisms of Action Involved in the Therapeutic Effect of Croton Species: A Systematic Review.

Over the years, ethnopharmacological and phytochemical investigations have been conducted to understand the potential effects of the Croton genus on several diseases. It has been revealed that these terpenoid-rich species traditionally used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, heal wounds, and relieve pain have a wide range of therapeutic effects; however, those used to treat diabetes, as well as their action mechanisms, have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, the main objective of this review was to compile all Croton species that have shown pharmacological effects against diabetes and describe their action mechanisms. Through a search of the literature, 17 species with hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, antilipidemic, antihypertensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects were found. Among the mechanisms by which they exerted these effects were the inhibition of α-glucosidases, the promotion of insulin secretion, and the increase in glucose uptake. Interestingly, it was found that some of them may have antihyperglycemic properties, although there were no ethnopharmacological reports that support their traditional use. Moreover, others only presented studies on their hypoglycemic effect in fasting, so further works are encouraged to describe the mechanisms involved in lowering fasting blood glucose levels, such as hepatic glucose production, especially for C. cajucara, C. cuneatus, C. gratissimus var. gratissimus, C. guatemalensis, and C. membranaceus. It is expected that this review contributes to the plant science knowledge of the genus, and it can be used in future references on the identification and development of new molecules/phytomedicines that help in the treatment of diabetes.

Phytochemical Screening and Isolation of New Ent-Clerodane Diterpenoids from Croton guatemalensis Lotsy.

Phytochemical screening of an ethanol-water extract (EWE) from the bark of Croton guatemalensis led to the isolation and identification of eight compounds, among them: five ent-clerodane diterpenoids [junceic acid (1), 6(s)-acetoxy-15,16-diepoxy-ent-cleroda-3,13(16),14-trien-20-oic acid (crotoguatenoic acid A) (2), 6(s)-hydroxyoxy-15,16-diepoxy-ent-cleroda-3,13(16),14-trien-20-oic acid (crotoguatenoic acid B) (3), formosin F (4), bartsiifolic acid (5)], and three flavonoids [rutin (6), epicatechin (7), and quercetin (8)]. Of these, 2 and 3 are reported here for the first time. Structures were established through conventional spectroscopy methods and their absolute configurations were determined by optical rotation and comparison of experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and theoretical calculated ECD spectra. A suitable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantifying rutin (6) was developed and validated according to standard protocols. Affinity-directed fractionation was used to identify possible in vitro active compounds on α-glucosidases from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HPLC-ESI-MS was used to identify the inhibitors as free ligands after being released from the enzymatic complex by denaturing acidic conditions. The affinity studies led to the identification of ent-clerodane diterpenoids as active compounds. In silico analysis allowed us to determine the best conformational rearrangement for the α-glucosidase inhibitors.

Chronic Antihyperglycemic Effect Exerted by Traditional Extracts of Three Mexican Medicinal Plants.

Chronic hyperglycemia, the product of uncontrolled diabetes, leads to the appearance of vascular complications that can result in the premature death of diabetic patients. Consequently, pharmacological intervention with hypoglycemic agents could delay these complications and improve the quality of life of patients in the long term. Traditional Mexican medicine provides a great wealth of medicinal plants that are used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for nearly 90-95% of total cases. However, there is still a lack of studies that support their hypoglycemic effects, clarify their mechanisms of action, and report their long-term efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of the traditional extracts of some Mexican medicinal plants used by diabetic patients (Ageratina petiolaris (Moc. & Sessé ex DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae), Calea urticifolia (Mill.) DC. (Asteraceae), and Eryngium cymosum F.Delaroche (Apiaceae)) on hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. To achieve this goal, the aqueous extracts of these plants at their traditional doses were administered daily to streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) hyperglycemic Wistar rats for 42 days to assess their effects on nonfasting blood glucose (NFBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and blood triglycerides (TG). The results showed that the A. petiolaris extract significantly reduced NFBG by 33% compared to its baseline (p = 0.0281). Besides, it prevented the increase in HbA1c by 2.63% (p = 0.0303) and diminished the AUC of TG (p = 0.0031) compared with the negative control. On the other hand, both C. urticifolia and E. cymosum prevented worsening of hyperglycemia by avoiding the significant increase in glucose levels seen in the negative control and the rise in HbA1c by 2.58% (p = 0.0156). These outcomes provide evidence for the first time of the antihyperglycemic effect of these Mexican medicinal plants, confirming their long-term efficacy in the control of chronic hyperglycemia.

Medicinal plants used by shepherds in Trans-Himalayan Rakchham-Chitkul Wildlife Sanctuary in Baspa Valley of Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh, India / Plantas medicinales utilizadas por los pastores en el Santuario de Vida Silvestre Rakchham-Chitkul Trans-Himalayan en el distrito de Baspa Valley of Kinnaur, Himachal Pradesh, India

The present study deals with the ethnomedicines used by migratory shepherds in an Indian Trans-Himalayan area. Shepherding depends on traditional healthcare practices. A non-probabilistic sampling technic was used for the selection of the research participants; the information was collected through 8 extensive field visits. The data was analyzed by the interpretation of the interviews since a qualitative as well as quantitative perspectives. A comparison with previous studies in the area was donebased on literature research. The results of this study show that shepherds in tribal areas are highly dependent on medicinal plants, they report the use of 58 taxa to handle their main health problems. They prefer 20 taxa, to treat; coughs, asthma, colds, throat complaints, general pain, fever, dysentery, diarrhea and urinary infections, which are the main reported illnesses. Mainly they use the fresh plant juices of these taxa. Two health issues are remarkable highblood pressure and jaundice.

El presente estudio trata sobre las etnomedicinas utilizadas por los pastores migratorios en una zona india transhimalaya. El pastoreo depende de las prácticas sanitarias tradicionales. Se utilizó una técnica de muestreo no probabilístico para la selección de los participantes de la investigación; la información se recopiló a través de 8 extensas visitas de campo. Los datos fueron analizados mediante la interpretación de las entrevistas desde una perspectiva tanto cualitativa como cuantitativa. Se realizó una comparación con estudios previos en el área basada en la investigación de la literatura. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que los pastores en áreas tribales son altamente dependientes de las plantas medicinales, informan el uso de 58 taxones para manejar sus principales problemas de salud. Prefieren 20 taxones para tratar; tos, asma, resfriados, molestias de garganta, dolor general, fiebre, disentería, diarrea e infecciones urinarias, que son las principales enfermedades reportadas. Principalmente utilizan los jugos de plantas frescas de estos taxones. Dos problemas de salud son la hipertensión arterial y la ictericia.

Phytochemical Study of Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche and the Inhibitory Capacity of Its Main Compounds on Two Glucose-Producing Pathway Enzymes.

One undescribed acylated flavonol glucoside and five known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche, a plant that is used in traditional Mexican medicine to treat type 2 diabetes. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using a variety of spectroscopic techniques, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS). Chlorogenic acid (1), rosmarinic acid (2), caffeic acid (3), protocatechuic acid (4), kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-ß-d-glucopyranoside (5), and the new acylated flavonol glucoside quercetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-ß-d-glucopyranoside (6) were isolated. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of quercetin-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-ß-D-glucopyranoside (6). In addition, according to the HPLC profile obtained for the water extract (WE), chlorogenic acid (1) and rosmarinic acid (2) were identified as the main compounds, while kaempferol-3-O-(2,6-di-O-trans-ρ-coumaryl)-ß-d-glucopyranoside (5) were the main compound in the butanolic extract. We demonstrate the important role of compound 5 over the inhibition of G6Pase and FBPase. The isolated compounds may play an important role in the hypoglycemic effect of the extract and may act in a synergic way, but more experiments are needed to corroborate these findings.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Two Mexican Medicinal Plants.

Type 2 diabetes is a worldwide prevalent disease that is due to a progressive loss of adequate ß-cell insulin secretion, frequently against a background of insulin resistance. In Mexican traditional medicine, the therapeutic use of hypoglycemic plants to control the disease is a common practice among type 2 diabetic patients. In the present work, we examined the traditional use of the aerial parts of Eryngium longifolium and the rhizome of Alsophila firma, consumed by people use over the day (in fasting state) to control their blood glucose levels, therefore, we aimed to assess the acute hypoglycemic effect of both plants. First, basic phytochemical profiles of both plants were determined and, subsequently, acute toxicity tests were carried out. Then, in vivo hypoglycemic tests were performed in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats and finally the effect of the plants on three enzymes involved in glucose metabolism was assayed in vitro. Through HPLC-DAD chromatography, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, isoflavones, and glycosylated flavonoids were identified in E. longifolium, while the possible presence of flavanones or dihydroflavonols was reported in A. firma. Both plants exhibited a statistically significant hypoglycemic effect, without a dose-dependent effect. Furthermore, they inhibited glucose 6-phosphatase and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in in vitro assays, which could be associated with the hypoglycemic effect in vivo. Thus, this study confirmed for the first time the traditional use of the aerial part of E. longifolium and the rhizome of A. firma as hypoglycemic agents in a hyperglycemic animal model. In addition, it was concluded that their ability to regulate hyperglycemia could involve the inhibition of hepatic glucose output, which mainly controls glucose levels in the fasting state.

Corrigendum to "Phytochemical Composition and Chronic Hypoglycemic Effect of Bromelia karatas on STZ-NA-Induced Diabetic Rats".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/9276953.].

Contribution of fasting and postprandial glucose-lowering mechanisms to the acute hypoglycemic effect of traditionally used Eryngium cymosum F.Delaroche.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Eryngium cymosum F. Delaroche was detected as a traditional remedy against type 2 diabetes consumed by patients of Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. AIM OF THE STUDY: Assessing the hypoglycemic effect and safety of the traditional extract of E. cymosum and relating it to key glucose-lowering mechanisms both in fasting and postprandial state. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The aqueous extract of E. cymosum was subjected to HPLC analysis to identify its main components. Hyperglycaemic STZ-NA Wistar rats were administered with the extract to evaluate its effect on blood glucose levels and a possible dose-dependence. Afterward, it was evaluated in both pyruvate and maltose tolerance tests in STZ-NA rats to characterize its effect on gluconeogenesis and carbohydrate breakdown, two of the main mechanisms responsible for fasting and postprandial hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes patients. In addition, the inhibitory capacity of the extract was evaluated on key enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and a-glucosidases. Moreover, insulin concentrations were measured in normoglycemic rats in both conditions to establish a link between the hypoglycaemic effect of the extract with insulin release and functioning. RESULTS: Caffeic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), and rosmarinic acid (3) were identified as the main constituents of the aqueous extract of E. cymosum, which exerted a hypoglycaemic effect in hyperglycaemic STZ-NA rats. It has a significant antihyperglycemic effect in the pyruvate tolerance test, and it was able to reduce the postprandial hyperglycaemia in maltose tolerance tests significantly. Moreover, it effectively reduced the activity of both gluconeogenic enzymes reaching almost 100% of inhibition, while it presented a modest 32% inhibition of aglucosidases. On the other hand, the extract decreased insulin levels after its oral administration in healthy rats in both nutritional states, without affecting normoglycemia in normal curves and reducing the postprandial peak in glucose load curves. CONCLUSIONS: The traditional consumed form of aerial parts of E. cymosum is safe and regulated glucose levels both in fasting and in postprandial state.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Calea urticifolia (Mill.) DC.

The onset of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a consequence of the progressive loss of adequate ß-cell insulin secretion, which frequently occurs under a background of insulin resistance. Currently, nearly 13 million Mexicans are living with diabetes. Moreover, due to poor socioeconomic conditions and the cultural idiosyncrasies of the Mexican population, the use of medicinal plants to treat T2D is a common practice in Mexico. In the Mexican state of Hidalgo, we found the traditional use of Calea urticifolia (CU) to treat this disease. To treat T2D, people drink an infusion made from the aerial part of the plant throughout the day. With the aim of investigating whether the infusion at a traditional dose produces a hypoglycemic effect in either the fasting or postprandial state, we measured the effect of the infusion in a hyperglycemic animal model (rats administered streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NZ)) by conducting a glucose tolerance test and constructing a blood-glucose curve. We then analyzed whether the observed effect was related to the inhibition of glucose absorption in the gut or the inhibition of hepatic glucose output (HGO) in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, we confirmed our findings by identifying the potential targets of the infusion via a network pharmacology analysis. Through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC), we detected a number of compounds in the extract and identified two of them. The plant extract produced a highly significant hypoglycemic effect under fasting conditions and a weak hypoglycemic effect following glucose or sucrose challenge. Although the plant extract blocked only 20% of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme activity in vitro, in the pyruvate tolerance test (which measures the liberation of hepatic glucose), it significantly reduced glucose levels. Furthermore, in vitro, the extract diminished the activity of the glucose-6-phosphatase complex by 90%. In addition, by conducting TLC, we detected the presence of chlorogenic acid and rutin, which have been reported to block HGO. The results presented here provide evidence of the hypoglycemic effect of the traditionally used C. urticifolia extract and demonstrate that this effect is associated with both a reduction in glucose synthesis via gluconeogenesis due to the phytochemical composition of the extract and a slight blockage of glucose absorption in the gut.

Antinociceptive Effect of an Aqueous Extract and Essential Oil from Baccharis heterophylla.

Infusions and poultices prepared from the aerial parts of Baccharis heterophylla Kunth (Asteraceae) are widely used in Oaxaca (Mexico) for relieving painful and inflammatory complaints. Therefore, the antinociceptive potential of an aqueous extract (31.6-316 mg/kg, p.o.) and essential oil (30-177 µg/paw, i.pl.) of the plant was assessed using the formalin test. Both preparations inhibited the formalin-induced nociception response (100-316 mg/kg and 100-177 µg/paw, respectively) during the test's second phase. Chemical analysis of the aqueous extract revealed that the major active components were chlorogenic acid (1), 3,4-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid (3), 4,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (5), apigenin (6), genkwanin (7), acacetin (8). Compounds 1-5 and 8 are new for B. heterophylla. A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for quantifying chlorogenic acid (1) and di-caffeoylquinic acids 2-4 in the plant was developed and validated. Analyses of the essential oil and the headspace solid-phase microextraction products, via gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry, revealed that the major volatiles were ß-pinene, myrcene, D-limonene, ß-caryophyllene, and α-caryophyllene, which have demonstrated antinociceptive properties.

Approaches to Decrease Hyperglycemia by Targeting Impaired Hepatic Glucose Homeostasis Using Medicinal Plants.

Liver plays a pivotal role in maintaining blood glucose levels through complex processes which involve the disposal, storage, and endogenous production of this carbohydrate. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating hepatic glucose production and glucose storage as glycogen, thus abnormalities in its function lead to hyperglycemia in obese or diabetic patients because of higher production rates and lower capacity to store glucose. In this context, two different but complementary therapeutic approaches can be highlighted to avoid the hyperglycemia generated by the hepatic insulin resistance: 1) enhancing insulin function by inhibiting the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, one of the main enzymes that disrupt the insulin signal, and 2) direct regulation of key enzymes involved in hepatic glucose production and glycogen synthesis/breakdown. It is recognized that medicinal plants are a valuable source of molecules with special properties and a wide range of scaffolds that can improve hepatic glucose metabolism. Some molecules, especially phenolic compounds and terpenoids, exhibit a powerful inhibitory capacity on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and decrease the expression or activity of the key enzymes involved in the gluconeogenic pathway, such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase or glucose 6-phosphatase. This review shed light on the progress made in the past 7 years in medicinal plants capable of improving hepatic glucose homeostasis through the two proposed approaches. We suggest that Coreopsis tinctoria, Lithocarpus polystachyus, and Panax ginseng can be good candidates for developing herbal medicines or phytomedicines that target inhibition of hepatic glucose output as they can modulate the activity of PTP-1B, the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, and the glycogen content.

Molecules Isolated from Mexican Hypoglycemic Plants: A Review.

Like in many developing countries, in Mexico, the use of medicinal plants is a common practice. Based on our own field experience, there are at least 800 plants used for treating diabetes nowadays. Thus, their investigation is essential. In this context, this work aims to provide a comprehensive and critical review of the molecules isolated from Mexican hypoglycemic plants, including their source and target tested. In the last few years, some researchers have focused on the study of Mexican hypoglycemic plants. Most works describe the hypoglycemic effect or the mechanism of action of the whole extract, as well as the phytochemical profile of the tested extract. Herein, we analyzed 85 studies encompassing 40 hypoglycemic plants and 86 active compounds belonging to different classes of natural products: 28 flavonoids, 25 aromatic compounds, other than flavonoids, four steroids, 23 terpenoids, 4 oligosaccharides, and 1 polyalcohol. These compounds have shown to inhibit α-glucosidases, increase insulin secretion levels, increase insulin sensitivity, and block hepatic glucose output. Almost half of these molecules are not common metabolites, with a narrow taxonomic distribution, which makes them more interesting as lead molecules. Altogether, this analysis provides a necessary inventory useful for future testing of these active molecules against different hypoglycemic targets, to get a better insight into the already described mechanisms, and overall, to contribute to the knowledge of Mexican medicinal plants.