ABSTRACT
In this study, we constructed a calculation model to determine the internal temperature field distribution in a medium-sized refrigeration truck with the dimensions of 4.1 m × 2.2 m × 2.2 m. Wind speed, air temperature, and carcass temperature were designated as the initial conditions. The k-ε model of computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate different wind speeds and ventilation duct settings on the carriage. Additionally, under specific boundary conditions, the speed of the air outlet, the types of ventilation ducts, and the carcass loads were all varied to determine the uniformity of the temperature field. The results showed that, when the air outlet speed was 5 m/s, the temperature field in the refrigerated truck was relatively more uniform. The simulated results were in good agreement with the measured results. The average absolute error was 0.35 °C, and the average relative error was 9.23%.
ABSTRACT
With the development of industrial civilization, advanced manufacturing technology has attracted widespread concern, including in the aerospace industry. In this paper, we report the applications of ultra-thin atomic layer deposition nanofilm in the advanced aerospace manufacturing industry, including aluminum anti-oxidation and secondary electron suppression, which are critical in high-power and miniaturization development. The compact and uniform aluminum oxide film, which is formed by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD), can prevent the deep surface oxidation of aluminum during storage, avoiding the waste of material and energy in repetitive production. The total secondary electron yield of the C/TiN component nanofilm, deposited through plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition, decreases 25% compared with an uncoated surface. The suppression of secondary electron emission is of great importance in solving the multipactor for high-power microwave components in space. Moreover, the controllable, ultra-thin uniform composite nanofilm can be deposited directly on the complex surface of devices without any transfer process, which is critical for many different applications. The ALD nanofilm shows potential for promoting system performance and resource consumption in the advanced aerospace manufacturing industry.
ABSTRACT
Lateral root (LR) branches from primary root. LR is vital for plants acquiring water and nutrients from soil, especially under stress conditions. LR development involves the complicated signaling network, which has not yet been fully understood. Melatonin, a novel endogenous plant regulator, plays a role in the regulation of LR development. However, we still have limited knowledge about melatonin-modulated signaling during LR development. Our recent study identifies that reactive oxygen species (ROS) acts as downstream signaling of melatonin to facilitate LR development. The recently identified receptor of melatonin in plants controls a signaling module involving G protein, ROS, and Ca2+. Based on these findings, we propose a novel signaling network for LR development controlled by melatonin.