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1.
Ann Neurol ; 96(2): 356-364, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38877793

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the impact of time to endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) on clinical outcomes in the DAWN trial, while also exploring the potential effect modification of mode of stroke onset on this relationship. METHODS: The association between every 1-h treatment delay with 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0-2), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and 90-day mortality was explored in the overall population and in three modes of onset subgroups (wake-up vs. witnessed vs. unwitnessed). RESULTS: Out of the 205 patients, 98 (47.8%) and 107 (52.2%) presented in the 6 to 12 hours and 12 to 24 hours time window, respectively. Considering all three modes of onset together, there was no statistically significant association between time last seen well to randomization with either functional independence or mortality at 90 days in either the endovascular thrombectomy (mRS 0-2 1-hour delay OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.93-1.24; mRS 6 OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.65-1.03) or medical management (mRS 0-2 1-hour delay OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.80-1.14; mRS 6 1-hour delay OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.79-1.09) groups. Moreover, there was no significant interaction between treatment effect and time (p = 0.439 and p = 0.421 for mRS 0-2 and 6, respectively). However, within the thrombectomy group, the models that tested the association between time last seen well to successful reperfusion (modified Treatment in Cerebral Infarction ≥2b) and 90-day functional independence showed a significant interaction with mode of presentation (p = 0.013). This appeared to be driven by a nominally positive slope for both witnessed and unwitnessed strokes versus a significantly (p = 0.018) negative slope in wake-up patients. There was no association between treatment times and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage. INTERPRETATION: Mode of onset modifies the effect of time to reperfusion on thrombectomy outcomes, and should be considered when exploring different treatment paradigms in the extended window. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:356-364.


Subject(s)
Endovascular Procedures , Ischemic Stroke , Thrombectomy , Time-to-Treatment , Humans , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Male , Female , Aged , Ischemic Stroke/surgery , Middle Aged , Thrombectomy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Reperfusion/methods , Aged, 80 and over , Time Factors
2.
MedUNAB ; 16(2): 77-81, ago.-nov. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-834865

ABSTRACT

En Francia, la incidencia anual de accidentes cerebro vasculares (ACV) es de 1.6 a 2.4 por cada mil (1.000) personas, es decir entre 100.000 y 145.000 por año, con una mortalidad del 15 al 20% al cabo del primer mes y un 75% de personas sobrevivientes con secuelas. El tratamiento de preferencia es la Trombólisis IV (Intra Venosa) con rt-PA (Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator - Activador del Plasminógeno Tisular Recombinante), el cual tiene una ventana de eficacia de 4 horas y media después del inicio de los síntomas. Sólo 2% de los pacientes eligibles para este tratamiento se benefician de una fibrinólisis por vía venosa. Las oclusiones de arterias de calibre grueso son responsables del 46% de los accidentes cerebrovasculares Isquémicos (ACVI) y predicen una sobremortalidad y discapacidad funcional severa a los 6 meses. En ausencia de revascularización, la mitad de los ACVI de circulación anterior con oclusión arterial documentada fallece y solamente el 10% de ellos, tienen un buen pronóstico funcional a los tres meses. Algunas variables que han sido identificadas como predictoras de un mal pronóstico son: un puntaje clínico en la escala NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale - Escala del Ictus del Instituto Nacional de la Salud) superior a 12 según Fischer 2005, una oclusión documentada de una arteria intracraneal, los fracasos y las contraindicaciones de la fibrinólisis intravenosa entre otros. Esta revisión busca presentar los mecanismos, la evaluación, la eficacia y las complicaciones reportadas por la literatura sobre la trombectomía mecánica. [Bonafe A. La trombectomía mecánica en el tratamiento de accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV) en la fase aguda.


En France, l'incidence annuelle d'accident vasculaire cérébral (AVC) est de 1,6 à 2,4 pour mille (1000) personnes, entre 100.000 et 145.000 par an, avec une mortalité de 15 à 20% après le premier mois et 75% des survivants Avec séquelles. Le traitement de choix est la thrombolyse IV (Intra Ven) Avec rt-PA (activateur recombinant du plasminogène Activator- recombinant de plasminogène tissulaire) qui a une fenêtre d'efficacité de 4,5 après l'apparition des symptômes. Seulement 2% des patients éligibles pour bénéficier du traitement de esta de fibrinolyse par voie intraveineuse. Occlusions sont responsables des artères de calibre 46% des AVC ischémique (AVC ischémique) et prédisent une surmortalité et d'incapacité fonctionnelle sévère à en 6 mois. En l'absence de revascularisation, la moitié de la circulation ACVI antérieure documentée occlusion artérielle À la mort et seulement 10% d'entre eux ont un bon résultat fonctionnel à trois mois. Certaines variables qui ont été idenrified comme facteurs prédictifs de mauvais pronostic incluent un score clinique sur le NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale Scale-Stroke des National Institutes of Health) supérieur à 12, comme Fischer 2005, à l'artère intracrânienne occlusion documentée, failues et contre-indications de la fibrinolyse intraveineuse, entre autres. Cette revue présente les mécanismes, l'évaluation, l'efficacité et les complications rapporté par la littérature sur la thrombectomie mécanique. [Thrombectomie Bonafe A. mécanique dans le traitement des accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC) dans la phase aiguë.


In France, the annual incidence of cerebro vascular accident (CVA) is from 1.6 to 2.4 per thousand (1.000) people, between 100.000 and 145.000 per year, with a mortality of 15 to 20% after the first month and 75% of survivors with sequelae. The treatment of choice is the Trombolysis IV (Intra Ven) with rt-PA (Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator- Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator) Which has a window of effectiveness of 4.5 after the onset of symptoms. Only 2% of the patients elegible for this treatment benefit from fibrinolysis intravenously. Occlusions caliber arteries are responsible for 46% of Ischemic Stroke (ACVI) and predict an excess mortality and severe functional disability at 6 months. In the absence of revascularizacion, half of the anterior circulation ACVI with documented arterial occlusion died and only 10% of them have a good functional outcome at three month. Some variables that have been idenrified as predictors of a poor prognosis include a clinical scores on the NIHSS (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale- Scale Stroke of the National Institutes of Health) greater than 12 as Fischer 2005, a documented occlusion intracranial artery, failues and contraindications of intravenous fibrinolysis among others. This review presents the mechanisms, assessment, efficacy and complications reported by the literature on mechanical thrombectomy. [Bonafe A. Mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) in the acute phase.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stroke , Stents , Thrombolytic Therapy , Thrombectomy , Mechanical Thrombolysis
3.
Psiquiatr. biol. (Internet) ; 19(2): 31-38, abr.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-100917

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes. El tamaño del cuerpo calloso (CC) se ha relacionado con la presencia de déficits cognitivos y emocionales en diversos trastornos neuropsiquiátricos y del estado de ánimo. Dado que estos déficits se observan también en la conducta suicida, hemos investigado específicamente la asociación entre la atrofia del CC y dicha conducta. Métodos. Estudiamos a 435 individuos diestros, sin demencia, de una cohorte de base comunitaria formada por personas de edad igual o superior a 65 años (estudio ESPRIT). Dividimos a los participantes en 3 grupos: individuos con intentos de suicidio (n=21), individuos de control afectivos (CA) (n=180) sin antecedentes de intentos de suicidio pero con antecedentes de depresión, e individuos de control sanos (CS) (n=234). Se utilizaron imágenes de resonancia magnética con ponderación T1 para medir las áreas mesosagitales del CC anterior, medio y posterior. Se aplicó un análisis de covarianza multivariado para comparar las áreas del CC de los 3 grupos. Resultados. Los análisis multivariados, con un ajuste en cuanto a edad, sexo, trauma infantil, traumatismo craneal y volumen encefálico total, mostraron que el área del tercio posterior del CC era significativamente menor en los individuos con intentos de suicidio, en comparación con los CA (p=0,020) y los CS (p=0,010). No se observaron diferencias significativas entre CA y CS. No hubo diferencias en cuanto a los tercios anterior y medio del CC. Conclusiones. Nuestros resultados resaltan la presencia de un tamaño reducido del tercio posterior del CC en los individuos con antecedentes de suicidio, lo cual sugiere una disminución de la conectividad interhemisférica y un posible papel del CC en la fisiopatología de la conducta suicida. Serán necesarios nuevos estudios para confirmar estos resultados y esclarecer las alteraciones celulares subyacentes que conducen a estas diferencias morfométricas (AU)


Background. Corpus callosum (CC) size has been associated with cognitive and emotional deficits in a range of neuropsychiatric andmood disorders. As such deficits are also found in suicidal behavior, we investigated specifically the association between CC atrophy and suicidal behavior. Methods. We studied 435 right-handed individuals without dementia from a cohort of community-dwelling persons aged 65 years and over (the ESPRIT study). They were divided in three groups: suicide attempters (n=21), affective control subjects (AC) (n=180) without history of suicide attempt but with a history of depression, and healthy control subjects (HC) (n=234). T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were traced to measure the midsagittal areas of the anterior, mid, and posterior CC. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to compare CC areas in the 3 groups. Results. Multivariate analyses adjusted for age, gender, childhood trauma, head trauma, and total brain volume showed that the area of the posterior third of CC was significantly smaller in suicide attempters than in AC (P=.020) and HC (P=.010) individuals. No significant differences were found between AC and HC. No differences were found for the anterior and mid thirds of the CC. Conclusions. Our findings emphasize a reduced size of the posterior third of the CC in subjects with a history of suicide, suggesting a diminished interhemispheric connectivity and a possible role of CC in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior. Further studies are needed to strengthen these results and clarify the underlying cellular changes leading to these morphometric differences (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Corpus Callosum/physiopathology , Cognition Disorders/complications , Cognition Disorders/physiopathology , Suicide/psychology , Suicide, Attempted/psychology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Biological Psychiatry/methods , Biological Psychiatry/trends , Cohort Studies , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/trends , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Multivariate Analysis
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