Metabolomics Diagnosis of COVID-19 from Exhaled Breath Condensate.

Infection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe respiratory tract damage and acute lung injury. Therefore, it is crucial to study breath-associated biofluids not only to investigate the breath's biochemical changes caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also to discover potential biomarkers for the development of new diagnostic tools. In the present study, we performed an untargeted metabolomics approach using a bidimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GCxGC-TOFMS) on exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from COVID-19 patients and negative healthy subjects to identify new potential biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of the COVID-19 disease. The EBC analysis was further performed in patients with acute or acute-on-chronic cardiopulmonary edema (CPE) to assess the reliability of the identified biomarkers. Our findings demonstrated that an abundance of EBC fatty acids can be used to discriminate COVID-19 patients and that they may have a protective effect, thus suggesting their potential use as a preventive strategy against the infection.

Cerebral nervous system vasculitis in a Covid-19 patient with pneumonia.

We describe a patient affected by Covid-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome with a cerebral nervous system vasculitis triggered by SARS-Cov-2, managed at the University hospital, in Novara, Italy in the area most impacted by the pandemic and where 749 Covid-19 positive patients were admitted from March 1st until April 25th, 2020.

[Parvovirus B19 in adult: report of two cases]. / Infezione da Parvovirus B19 nell'adulto: descrizione di due casi clinici.

Parvovirus B19 infection is asymptomatic in the majority of cases, but the are several well-known clinical manifestation. In adults transient aplastic crisis, chronic anemia, arthropathy, meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis and acute hepatitis have been described. In this paper the Authors report two cases - arthropathy and acute hepatitis - of Parvovirus B19 infection in adults.

Rhabdomyolysis and severe muscular weakness in a traveler diagnosed with Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus infection.

Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) is a tick-borne flavivirus with high case fatality rates, endemic in the Arabian Peninsula. Recently AHFV was detected in travelers returning from Egypt suggesting geographical spreading. We also report AHFV infection in a traveler ex Egypt, representing atypical symptoms of rhabdomyolysis and severe muscular weakness.

[Disseminated histoplasmosis in a HIV seropositive patient with Kaposi sarcoma]. / Istoplasmosi disseminata in un paziente sieropositivo per HIV con sarcoma di Kaposi.

Histoplasmosis, worldwide diffuse mycosis, is known as opportunistic infection of AIDS in disseminated clinical pattern. The Authors report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis and Kaposi's sarcoma in a HIV positive patient.

[Polyneuritis cranialis HHV-6 infection associated]. / Multinevrite cranica associata ad infezione da herpes virus 6.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has been shown to be a common cause of acute febrile disease in young children, including exanthema subitum. HHV-6 has also been associated with a number of neurologic disorders including encephalitis and the virus has been postulated to play a role in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, multiple sclerosis and chronic fatigue syndrome. The disorder of multiple cranial nerve palsies without spinal cord involvement is referred to as polyneuritis cranialis and is rare. The Authors describe a case of polyneuritis cranialis in a 52-year old woman treated with ganciclovir and only complete eradication of the virus.

[Calmette-Guerin bacillus disseminated infection after intravesical instillation]. / Infezione disseminata da bacillo Calmette-Guerin dopo instillazione intravescicale.

Local immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an effective and frequently used treatment for superficial bladder cancer. Serious side effects are infrequent but can affect every organ system. We describe a 53 year- old man with a disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection after intravescical instillation for bladder carcinoma. Recent literature is reviewed for this rare complication.