ABSTRACT
This paper considers the implementation of a current control method for switched reluctance motors (SRMs) and presents a novel approach to the accurate on-line modeling of an SRM drive. A simple autotuning technique for the SRM drives using a PWM controller is considered. Furthermore, conventional PI control and Internal Model Control (IMC) are considered to validate this method and present corresponding robust control analysis for the process. The control structures are comparatively analyzed using standard robustness measures for stability and performance. The proposed PWM controller is simulated and a hardware prototype is then implemented using digital signal processor control to evaluate the method using a 12/8, three-phase SRM. The experimental results of the SRM drive model validates the performance of the current loop.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Computer-Aided Design , Electronics/instrumentation , Feedback , Models, Theoretical , Computer Simulation , Numerical Analysis, Computer-AssistedABSTRACT
This work deals with the treatment of offshore oilfield wastewater from the Campos Basin (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). After coarse filtration, this high saline wastewater was microfiltrated through mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membranes, resulting in average removals of COD, TOC, O&G and phenols of 35%, 25%, 92% and 35%, respectively. The permeate effluent was fed into a 1-L air-lift reactor containing polystyrene particles of 2mm diameter, used as support material. This reactor was operated for 210 days, at three hydraulic retention times (HRT): 48, 24 and 12h. Even when operated at the lowest HRT (12 h), removal efficiencies of 65% COD, 80% TOC, 65% phenols and 40% ammonium were attained. The final effluent presented COD and TOC values of 230 and 55 mg/L, respectively. Results obtained by gas chromatography analyses and toxicity tests with Artemia salina showed that a significant improvement in the effluent's quality was achieved after treatment by the combined (microfiltration/biological) process.
Subject(s)
Petroleum , Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods , Water Purification/methods , Animals , Artemia , Biodegradation, Environmental , Chromatography, Gas , Filtration , Oxygen/analysis , Particle Size , Sodium Chloride , Toxicity Tests , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Out of 45558 patients admited in our hospital, from January 1990 to December 1993, the clinical records of 4445 children with diarrhoea (4289 with acute diarrihoea and 156 with persistent diarrhoea) were reviewed. Those with positive bacteriological or parasitological results were taken as sample. Salmonella was the bacteria most frequently isolated in both groups of patients. ECEP and ECEH had a similar distribution while Shigella showed a higher frequency in cases of persistent diarrhoea, for a third pace of incidence. From the parasitological point of view, Cryptosporidium and Giardia had the same behavior.
Subject(s)
Cryptosporidium/isolation & purification , Diarrhea, Infantile/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/epidemiology , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Giardia lamblia/isolation & purification , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Acute Disease , Animals , Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/epidemiology , Diarrhea, Infantile/parasitology , Entamoeba histolytica/isolation & purification , Entamoebiasis/epidemiology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Feces/microbiology , Feces/parasitology , Giardiasis/epidemiology , Hospitals, Pediatric/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Peru/epidemiology , Pseudomonas/isolation & purification , Pseudomonas Infections/epidemiology , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
É relatado um caso de um paciente com carcinoma indiferenciado de pequenas células originário no esôfago que foi tratado com quimio-radioterapia. Durante a quimioterapia de induçäo com Ciclofosfamida, Epirrubicina e Etoposide houve desaparecimento completo da neoplasia. A radioterapia foi utilizada para consolidaçäo da resposta. Dois anos e meio após diagnóstico o paciente foi a óbito após desenvolvimento de múltiplas metástases.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Follow-Up Studies , Drug Therapy, Combination , Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Small Cell/radiotherapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/radiotherapyABSTRACT
Os autores relatam um caso de sinovite vilonodular pigmentada (SVP) do tornozelo em um paciente do sexo masculino, 19 anos, acometendo o lado esquerdo e invadindo a articulaçäo subastragalina e tíbio-társica. A sintomatologia iniciou-se após prática de esportes. O diagnóstico constituiu-se de achados clínicos e radiológicos, incluindo tomografia computadorizada, sendo confirmado pelos achados histopatológicos. O tratamento realizado constou de sinovectomia ampla, com ressecçäo de toda a massa tumoral, como também do músculo tibial posterior, que estava comprometido, seguido de radioterapia. Por se tratar de um caso raro, visto que a literatura apresenta poucos relatos desta entidade patológica, os autores chamam a atençäo para o melhor diagnóstico e conduta terapêutica
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Ankle/pathology , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/diagnosis , Ankle/surgery , Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedSubject(s)
Duodenal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Plasmacytoma/diagnosis , Adult , Duodenal Neoplasms/pathology , Duodenoscopy , Humans , Male , Plasmacytoma/pathologyABSTRACT
Description of a case of malacoplakia involving the ascending colon and appendix in a 11-year-old boy with history of severe diarrhea. The lesions were studied by light and electron microscopy. They were composed of proliferation of histiocytes with the typical cytoplasmic inclusions known as Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. The authors comment the pathogenesis of malakoplakia pointing out its rarity in infancy and in the intestine. They also review the literature and stress the importance of the development of malakoplakia in severe enterocolitis.
Subject(s)
Appendix/ultrastructure , Colon/ultrastructure , Colonic Diseases/pathology , Malacoplakia/pathology , Child , Histiocytes/pathology , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Os autores relatam um caso raro de malacoplaquia do colon ascendente e apendice cecal em um menino de 11 anos de idade, destacando o fato da lesao ser raramente descrita nesta localizacao e faixa etaria. Sao apresentados os aspectos macroscopicos e histologicos da lesao histiocitaria alem da ultra-estrutura destas celulas com os corpusculos patognomonicos de Michaelis-Gutmann. Os autores discutem a patogenia e sugerem que se considere a possibilidade de malacoplaquia no diagnostico diferencial das enterocolites graves
Subject(s)
Appendix , Colonic Diseases , MalacoplakiaABSTRACT
O plasmocitoma extramedular e um tumor relativamente raro, localizando-se perfeitamente nas vias aereas superiores e cavidade oral, aparecendo em muito menor proporcao no tubo digestivo. O diagnostico de certeza e dificil mesmo histologicamente, discutindo-se inclusive a existencia desta patologia como entidade nosologica propria. Neste trabalho, os autores apresentam um caso de plasmocitoma extramedular recidivante, localizado na terceira porcao do duodeno, tratado por derivacao cirurgia do transito gastrintestinal e radioterapia com bom resultado
Subject(s)
Duodenal Neoplasms , PlasmacytomaSubject(s)
Blood Pressure/drug effects , Chlorthalidone/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Oxprenolol/therapeutic use , Chlorthalidone/administration & dosage , Chlorthalidone/pharmacology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Therapy, Combination , Female , Humans , Male , Oxprenolol/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Brazil , Coronary Care Units , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Sex FactorsSubject(s)
Cholangitis/surgery , Adult , Cholangiography , Cholangitis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Gastrostomy , Humans , Male , SclerosisSubject(s)
Biopsy, Needle , Bone Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Methods , Middle AgedSubject(s)
Aspergillosis/complications , Aspergillosis/pathology , Autopsy , Azathioprine/therapeutic use , Brazil , CadaverSubject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/administration & dosage , Hypertension/drug therapy , Quinolines/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Chagas Disease/metabolism , Protein Biosynthesis , Purkinje Cells/metabolism , Animals , RatsABSTRACT
Estudam caso de hansen¡ase tuberculóide da variedade nodular da infância (Souza Campos), observada em criança de 2 anos e 7 meses, do sexo feminino, branca e que desde o nascimento mantinha contato com o pai, portador da moléstia do tipo V, com baciloscopia fortemente positiva (+++) em L.C. e M.N. Apresentava 4 nódulos localizados no membro superior esquerdo, sendo o maior de 11 X 10 mm e os demais de 4 X 5 mm. Eram duros, indolores, aderentes aos planos adjacentes, de superf¡cie lisa, de tonalidade eritematosa e, quando distendidos, tornavam-se translúcidos e de cor branco-amarelada. O exame histopatológico revelou granuloma tuberculóide (tipo sarcóide) com ausência de b.a.a.r., os quais também foram negativos em baciloscopia de L.C. e M.N.. A reação de Mitsudina foi fortemente positiva (nódulo ulcerado de 8 X 11 mm). Na evolução, as lesões mantiveram-se estacionadas nos primeiros 17 dias; do 35º ao 70º dia houve aumento de tamanho e a partir do 87º dia iniciou-se a regressão. No 125º dia de observação a redução era de 50%. Discutem a influência do fator idade na incidência da moléstia e apresentam os argumentos que justificam a individualização dessa variedade de hanseníase.