Global patterns of lake microplastic pollution: Insights from regional human development levels.

Microplastics have emerged as a pervasive pollutant across various environmental media. Nevertheless, our understanding of their occurrence, sources, and drivers in global lakes still needs to be completed due to limited data. This study compiled data from 117 studies (2016-May 2024) on microplastic contamination in lake surface water and sediment, encompassing surface water samples in 351 lakes and lake sediment samples in 200 lakes across 43 countries. Using meta-analysis and statistical methods, the study reveals significant regional variability in microplastic pollution, with concentrations ranging from 0.09 to 207,500 items/m3 in surface water and from 5.41 to 18,100 items/kg in sediment. Most microplastics were under 1 mm in particle size, accounting for approximately 79 % of lake surface water and 76 % of sediment. Transparent and blue microplastics were the most common, constituting 34 % and 21 % of lake surface water and 28 % and 18 % of sediment, respectively. Fibers were the dominant shape, representing 47 % of lake surface water and 48 % of sediment. The primary identified polymer types were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Countries like India, Pakistan, and China had higher contamination levels. Positive correlations were found between microplastic abundance in surface water and factors like human footprint index (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), precipitation (r = 0.21, p < 0.05), and net surface solar radiation (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). In contrast, negative correlations were observed with the human development index (r = -0.61, p < 0.01) and wind speed (r = -0.42, p < 0.001). In sediment, microplastics abundance correlated positively with the human footprint index (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). This study underscores the variability in microplastic pollution in global lakes and the role of human activities and environmental factors, offering a valuable reference for future research.

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Observed in a Patient With the HLA-B*1502 Treated With Levofloxacin.

PURPOSE: To determine the relationship between HLA-B gene mutations and levofloxacin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). METHODS: A 71-year-old Chinese woman developed TEN after oral administration of solifenacin (5 mg) and levofloxacin (0.5 g) for cystitis. HLA-B*5801 and HLA-B*1502 alleles were detected using real-time PCR. FINDINGS: After supportive therapy (antiallergic treatments, plasma exchange, etc) and withdrawal of the culprit medication levofloxacin, the patient was discharged with re-epithelialization of the exfoliated skin. The patient was HLA-B*1502 allele positive and HLA-B*5801 allele negative. IMPLICATIONS: This is the first report of levofloxacin-induced TEN suspected to be caused by mutations in the HLA-B*1502 allele.

Aberrant serum-derived FN1 variants bind to integrin ß1 on glomerular endothelial cells contributing to thin basement membrane nephropathy.

The glomerular basement membrane (GBM) is a critical component of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB), with its thickness directly influencing renal function. While a uniformly thinned GBM can cause hematuria while preserving normal renal function, this condition is typically diagnosed as thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN). However, the pathogenesis and potential progression to renal insufficiency of TBMN are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed clinical cohorts presenting with microscopic hematuria who underwent genetic testing and identified five novel pathogenic FN1 mutations. Through bioinformatics analysis of these variants, expression localization analysis of GBM-related molecules in renal biopsies, and functional studies of the mutants, we found that these variants exhibited gain-of-function characteristics. This led to the excessive deposition of aberrant serum-derived FN1 variants on glomerular endothelial cells rather than cell-type-specific variants. The deposition competitively binds FN1 variants to Integrin ß1, disrupting the interaction with Laminin α5ß2γ1 and subsequently reducing the expression of key GBM components, resulting in TBMN. This study elucidated, for the first time, the genetic pathogenesis of TBMN caused by FN1 variants. It provides a crucial foundation for understanding the progression of renal dysfunction associated with simple hematuria, highlights the potential for targeted therapeutic strategies, and differentiates TBMN from early-stage Alport syndrome.

Theanine enhances resistance to Botrytis cinerea in postharvest strawberry fruit via modulating cell-wall and phenylpropanoid metabolisms.

Theanine (N-ethyl-γ-glutamine), as a unique non-protein amino acid, plays vital roles in abiotic stress resistance, while its roles in biotic stress resistance are still unclear. Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a major disease in strawberries. Effects of theanine on the development of gray mold, cell-wall and phenylpropanoid metabolisms in strawberries were investigated in this study. Results showed that 5 mmol L-1 theanine treatment reduced disease incidence and severity of gray mold in strawberries with antifungal activity in vitro. Meanwhile, theanine treatment enhanced the accumulation of phenolic compounds and lignin, especially ellagic acid, cyanidin, and quercetin, which was associated with increased phenylpropanoid pathway related enzyme activities. Moreover, theanine induced callose deposition and suppressed cell- wall disassembling enzymes, accompanied by higher levels of water insoluble pectin, hemicellulose and cellulose. Therefore, theanine treatment could alleviate decay of B. cinerea-inoculated strawberries by regulating phenylpropanoid and cell-wall metabolisms, maintaining higher levels of phenolic compounds and cell-wall components, thereby contributing to disease resistance and cell-wall structure integrity.

Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Neuronal Damage and Neurological Deficits after Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Restoring Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase.

The purpose of this study is to identify the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to clarify the regulatory mechanism related to telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT)-mediated telomerase activity. A Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) animal model was constructed and rats were treated by EA invention at the Baihui (GV20) and Fengchi (GB20) acupoints. Neurological deficits were assessed via rotarod test and Morris water maze test. 2,3,5-Triphenyltertrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was performed to evaluate infarct volume. Histological changes were observed under H&E staining and Nissl staining. TERT expression was examined using qRT-PCR and western blot. Telomerase activity was assessed with TRAP method. Neuron apoptosis and senescence were assessed by TUNEL and immunofluorescence assays. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-indicators were examined using commercial kits. EA intervention at both GV20 and GB20 acupoints reduced infarct volumes (2.48 ± 1.89 vs. 29.56 ± 2.55), elevated the telomerase activity (0.84 ± 0.08 vs. 0.34 ± 0.09), and upregulated the levels of total TERT protein (0.61 ± 0.09 vs. 0.21 ± 0.05) and mitochondrial TERT (Mito-TERT; 0.54 ± 0.03 vs. 0.27 ± 0.03) in hippocampus tissues of MCAO/R rats. EA intervention attenuated motor dysfunction (112.00 ± 6.69 vs. 30.02 ± 2.60) and improved spatial learning (23.87 ± 1.90 vs. 16.23 ± 1.45) and memory ability (8.38 ± 1.06 vs. 4.13 ± 1.13) of rats with cerebral I/R injury. In addition, EA intervention significantly attenuated histopathological changes of injured neurons, mitigated neuron apoptosis (32.27 ± 5.52 vs. 65.83 ± 4.31) and senescence in MCAO/R rats, as well as inhibited excessive production of inflammatory cytokines and attenuated oxidative stress. However, the above therapeutic efficiency of EA intervention in MCAO/R rats was partly eliminated by TERT knockdown. EA intervention at GB20 and GV20 acupoints exerted a protective role in cerebral I/R injury partly through restoring TERT function, implying the clinical potential of EA treatment in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

B7-H3-Targeted CAR-Vδ1T Cells Exhibit Potent Broad-Spectrum Activity Against Solid Tumors.

Vδ1T cells, a rare subset of γδT cells, hold promise for treating solid tumors. Unlike conventional T cells, they recognize tumor antigens independently of the MHC antigen-presentation pathway, making them a potential "off-the-shelf" cell therapy product. However, isolation and activation of Vδ1T cells is challenging, which has limited their clinical investigation. Here, we developed a large-scale clinical-grade manufacturing process for Vδ1T cells and validated the therapeutic potential of B7-H3-CAR-modified Vδ1T cells in treating solid tumors. Co-expression of interleukin-2 with the B7-H3-CAR led to durable anti-tumor activity of Vδ1T cells in vitro and in vivo. In multiple subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse xenograft tumor models, a single intravenous administration of the CAR-Vδ1T cells resulted in complete tumor regression. These modified cells demonstrated significant in vivo expansion and robust homing ability to tumors, akin to natural tissue-resident immune cells. Additionally, the B7-H3-CAR-Vδ1T cells exhibited a favorable safety profile. In conclusion, B7-H3-CAR-modified Vδ1T cells represent a promising strategy for treating solid tumors.

Conorphin-66 produces peripherally restricted antinociception via the kappa-opioid receptor with limited side effects.

With the current unmet demand for effective pain relief, analgesics without major central adverse effects are highly appealing, such as peripherally restricted kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonists. In this study, Conorphin-66, an analog of the selective KOR peptide agonist Conorphin T, was pharmacologically characterized in a series of experiments, with CR845 serving as the reference compound. Firstly, in vitro functional assay indicated that Conorphin-66 selectively activates KOR and exhibits weak ß-arrestin2 signaling bias (-1.54 versus -4.35 for CR845). Additionally, subcutaneous Conorphin-66 produced potent antinociception in mouse pain models with ED50 values ranged from 0.02 to 3.28 µmol/kg, including tail-flick test, post-operative pain, formalin pain, and acetic acid-induced visceral pain. Similarly, CR845 exert potent antinociception in mouse pain models ranged from 0.15 to 1.47 µmol/kg. Notably, antagonism studies revealed that the analgesic effects of Conorphin-66 were mainly mediated by the peripheral KOR. Furthermore, Conorphin-66 produced non-tolerance-forming antinociception over 8 days. Unlike CR845, subcutaneous Conorphin-66 did not promote the sedation, anxiogenic effects, depressive-like effects, but did exhibit diuretic activity. Further study showed that Conorphin-66 does not have apparent antipruritic effects in an acute itch model. Overall, Conorphin-66 emerges as a novel peripherally restricted KOR agonist that produced potent antinociception with reduced side effects.

Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) flower polysaccharide attenuates metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet induced mice in association with modulation of gut microbiota.

There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that dietary polysaccharides play a crucial role in preventing metabolic syndrome (MetS) through their interaction with gut microbes. Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) flower polysacchride (TFPS) is a novel functional compound known for its diverse beneficial effects in both vivo and vitro. To further investigate the effects of TFPS on MetS and gut microbiota, and the possible association between gut microbiota and their activities, this study was carried out on mice that were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and given oral TFPS at a dose of 400 and 800 mg/kg·body weight (BW)/d, respectively. TFPS treatment significantly mitigated HFD-induced MetS, evidenced by reductions in body weight, fat accumulation, plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1ß, along with an increase in plasma IL-10 levels. Furthermore, TFPS induced alterations in the diversity and composition of HFD-induced gut microbiota. Specifically, TFPS influenced the relative abundance of 11 genera, including Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, which showed strong correlations with metabolic improvements and likely contributed to the amelioration of MetS. In conclusion, TFPS exhibits promising prebiotic properties in preventing MetS and regulating gut microbiota.

Correlations of Cancer-Related Fatigue with Clinicopathological Features and Quality of Life in Gastric Cancer.

Objective: To explore the correlations of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) with clinicopathological features and quality of life in gastric cancer. Methods: Using a convenient sampling method, 230 patients with gastric cancer admitted to our hospital from March 2020 to July 2022 were collected. They were divided into the fatigue group (n = 152) and the nonfatigue group (n = 78) according to the presence/absence of CRF. Relevant data were collected and compared. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in age ratio (χ 2 = 41.671, P < 0.001), T stage ratio (χ 2 = 9.973, P = 0.019), N stage ratio (P < 0.001), PS score (P < 0.001), and the degree of gastric cancer thickening (14.21 ± 3.32 vs. 12.12 ± 3.81 mm, t = 4.572, P < 0.001). Patients with gastric cancer had the lowest CRF Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) score for general activities (2.26 ± 0.37) and high scores for work activities (6.23 ± 0.24) and enjoyment of life (7.11 ± 1.34). Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between patient emotions and the CRF BFI score (r = 0.443, P = 0.001). Patients with mild, moderate, and severe CRF showed statistically significant differences in physical functioning (83.34 ± 21.12 vs. 65.23 ± 21.14 vs. 32.25 ± 17.29, F = 15.382, P < 0.001), role emotional (72.53 ± 21.21 vs. 67.33 ± 27.56 vs. 54.37 ± 26.45, F = 14.483, P < 0.001), fatigue (49.12 ± 18.44 vs. 54.61 ± 26.64 vs. 67.51 ± 14.27, F = 13.581, P < 0.001), bodily pain (56.56 ± 25.12 vs. 76.43 ± 21.71 vs. 80.32 ± 12.39, F = 14.582, P < 0.001), appetite reduction (57.45 ± 25.47 vs. 69.51 ± 16.21 vs. 76.23 ± 27.58, F = 14.592, P < 0.001), and overall health status and quality of life (67.21 ± 19.45 vs. 53.43 ± 22.32 vs. 43.43 ± 12.52, F = 16.494, P < 0.001). After chemotherapy, the average CRF BFI scores of the partial remission (PR), disease stability (SD), and disease progression (PD) groups all reduced than those before chemotherapy (all P < 0.05). At 3 months of follow-up, a comparison of the average CRF BFI scores with those before chemotherapy revealed a decrease in the SD and PR groups and an increase in the PD group. Conclusion: In conclusion, CRF is correlated with age, T stage, and N stage in gastric cancer. The later the T and N stages, the more significant the effect on fatigue. Moreover, CRF can also affect the quality of life in gastric cancer, and the severer the CRF, the poorer the quality of life.

Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) Anthocyanins and Their Functions, Stability, Bioavailability, and Applications.

Blueberry fruits are rich in anthocyanins. There are 25 known anthocyanidins found in blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) until now. Anthocyanins found in blueberries have attracted considerable interest for their outstanding abilities as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and neuroprotection compounds, as well as their potential for preventing cardiovascular diseases, protecting vision, and inhibiting cancer development. However, their application is constrained by issues related to instability and relatively low bioavailability. Thus, this review provides a detailed overview of categories, functions, stability, and bioavailability of blueberry anthocyanins and their practical applications. The available studies indicate that there is more potential for the industrial production of blueberry anthocyanins.

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Alleviates Mitochondria Damage in Radiation-Induced Lung Injury in a MOTS-c-Dependent Manner.

Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a prevalent complication of thoracic tumor radiotherapy and accidental radiation exposure. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a novel vitamin B, plays a crucial role in delaying aging, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and antiapoptosis. This study aims to investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of PQQ against RILI. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a 20 Gy dose of X-ray radiation on the entire thorax with or without daily oral administration of PQQ for 2 weeks. PQQ effectively mitigated radiation-induced lung tissue damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and epithelial cell apoptosis. Additionally, PQQ significantly inhibited oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in MLE-12 cells. Mechanistically, PQQ upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of MOTS-c in irradiated lung tissue and MLE-12 cells. Knockdown of MOTS-c by siRNA substantially attenuated the protective effects of PQQ on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. In conclusion, PQQ alleviates RILI by preserving mitochondrial function through a MOTS-c-dependent mechanism, suggesting that PQQ may serve as a promising nutraceutical intervention against RILI.

Improved localization and segmentation of spinal bone metastases in MRI with nnUNet radiomics.

Objective: Variability exists in the subjective delineation of tumor areas in MRI scans of patients with spinal bone metastases. This research aims to investigate the efficacy of the nnUNet radiomics model for automatic segmentation and identification of spinal bone metastases. Methods: A cohort of 118 patients diagnosed with spinal bone metastases at our institution between January 2020 and December 2023 was enrolled. They were randomly divided into a training set (n = 78) and a test set (n = 40). The nnUNet radiomics segmentation model was developed, employing manual delineations of tumor areas by physicians as the reference standard. Both methods were utilized to compute tumor area measurements, and the segmentation performance and consistency of the nnUNet model were assessed. Results: The nnUNet model demonstrated effective localization and segmentation of metastases, including smaller lesions. The Dice coefficients for the training and test sets were 0.926 and 0.824, respectively. Within the test set, the Dice coefficients for lumbar and thoracic vertebrae were 0.838 and 0.785, respectively. Strong linear correlation was observed between the nnUNet model segmentation and physician-delineated tumor areas in 40 patients (R 2 = 0.998, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The nnUNet model exhibits efficacy in automatically localizing and segmenting spinal bone metastases in MRI scans.

Expression and diagnostic value of serum free light chain in lung cancer. / è¡€æ¸ æ¸¸ç¦»è½»é“¾åœ¨è‚ºç™Œä¸­çš„è¡¨è¾¾åŠè¯Šæ–­ä»·å€¼.

OBJECTIVES: The expression of serum free light chain (FLC) is abnormal in various diseases, but its role in lung cancer remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the expression and diagnostic value of serum FLC in lung cancer. METHODS: A total of 80 lung cancer patients treated at Xiangdong Hospital, Hunan Normal University from January to December 2021 were selected as the lung cancer group. Another 80 healthy individuals undergoing routine physical examinations during the same period were chosen as the control group. General information and serum κFLC and λFLC levels were collected for all subjects. Clinical indicators such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) levels, tumor diameter, histological type, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis status were recorded for lung cancer patients. The expression levels of serum FLC [κFLC, λFLC, and FLC (κ+λ)] were compared between the lung cancer group and the control group. Lung cancer patients were grouped based on gender, age, smoking history, tumor diameter, TNM stage, histological type, and lymph node metastasis to compare differences in serum κFLC and λFLC levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum FLC alone and in combination with other indicators in lung cancer. RESULTS: The expression levels of serum FLC (κ+λ) and κFLC were significantly higher in the lung cancer group than those in the control group (both P<0.001), while there was no significant difference in serum λFLC levels between the 2 groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in serum κFLC levels among lung cancer patients with different tumor diameters, histological types, or TNM stages (all P>0.05); however, serum κFLC levels were higher in lung cancer patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without, with statistical significance (P=0.033). There were no significant differences in serum λFLC levels based on tumor diameter or histological type (both P>0.05), but serum λFLC levels were higher in stage III+IV and lymph node metastatic lung cancer patients compared to stage I+II and non-metastatic patients, with statistical significance (P=0.033 and P=0.019, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) for κFLC and CEA in diagnosing lung cancer showed no significant difference (P=0.333). The combination of κFLC+CYFRA21-1 had the highest diagnostic efficacy (AUC=0.875) and sensitivity (71.3%). The AUC for the combined diagnosis of κFLC+λFLC+CEA+CYFRA21-1 was 0.915 (95% CI 0.860 to 0.953, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Serum FLC is highly expressed in lung cancer and is associated with its invasion and metastasis. Serum FLC, particularly κFLC, has diagnostic value for lung cancer, and the combined detection of FLC, CEA, and CYFRA21-1 offers the best diagnostic efficacy.

RTA408 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting Bach1-mediated ferroptosis.

The approved traditional Asian medicine RTA408 (Omaveloxolone) has demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory properties in the treatment of Friedreich's ataxia. However, its effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the effect of RTA408 on LPS-induced ALI and elucidate its underlying mechanisms. In this study, in vivo experiments demonstrated that RTA408 significantly ameliorated LPS-induced mouse ALI, characterized by reduced pathological damage and neutrophil infiltration as well as decreased lung edema of murine lung tissues. Moreover, LPS administration induced ferroptosis in ALI mice, evidenced by increased MDA levels, reduced GSH and SOD activity, and decreased expression of ferroptosis repressors (GPX4 and SLC7A11), whereas RTA408 reversed these changes. Consistently, RTA408 reduced ferroptosis and improved cell damage in LPS-stimulated MLE-12 cells, as evidenced by decreased ROS and MDA levels, increased SOD, GSH activity and ferroptosis repressors expression. Meanwhile, the protective effective of RTA408 on LPS-induced oxidative damage was blocked by ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Mechanistic studies demonstrated that RTA408 inhibited the expression and nuclear translocation of Bach1, and the anti-ferroptosis effect was diminished by Bach1 siRNA or Bach1 knockout (Bach1-/-) mice. Furthermore, Bach1-/- mice exhibited attenuated ALI induced by LPS compared to wild-type (WT) mice, and the protective effect of RTA408 on LPS-challenged ALI was not observed in Bach1-/- mice. In conclusion, our data suggested that RTA408 alleviates LPS-induced ALI by interfering Bach1-mediated ferroptosis and might be a novel candidate for LPS-induced ALI/ARDS therapy.

Smart Window with Reversible and Instantaneous Photoluminescence based on Microsphere Structure.

A smart window that dynamically regulates light transmittance is crucial for modern life end-users and promising for on-demand optical devices. The advent of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal microspheres has enriched the functions of a smart window. However, the smart window formed by polymer microspheres encounters poor mechanical strength and microstructural defects. Herein, to solve this limitation, we report the microsphere-based smart window composed of tightly packed cross-linked polymer microspheres (as a precursor) containing organic photochromic dyes, followed by compression under a high elastic state. When excited under an ultraviolet supply, our smart window showed a rapid and reversible fluorescent photoluminescence without fatigue (50 cycles). Moreover, the bulk devices with a microsphere cross-linked network structure enable excellent mechanical strength (hardness reached 0.158 GPa) and visible-light transparency. Interestingly, a QR code can be recognized under visible light exposure but not under ultraviolet light exposure because of photoluminescence of the smart window. Our method generally provided a paradigm for various amorphous polymers, which can be regarded as a simple and effective approach to build a versatile strategy to introduce an ideal marketplace with economic and community benefits.

Changes in salinity and vegetation growth under different land use types during the reclamation in coastal saline soil.

The ecological construction in coastal saline-alkali areas urgently needs to be explored in terms of water-salt regulation management and functional irrigation. In this paper, the extremely severe saline soil in the eastern coastal area of the North China Plain was selected for vegetation rehabilitation by drip irrigation. Through two-year field experiments, the spatial and temporal soil salinity-water dynamics of three land use types (LUTS) under two irrigation strategies (IIS) were systematically studied. The results revealed: (1) The soils in the understory grassland and shrub land root zones remained stable for desalination, with the average ECe decreasing to 0.69 dS/m and 0.71 dS/m under autumn irrigation at surface, and 0.66 dS/m and 0.85 dS/m under winter irrigation. And a slight salt accumulation occurred in the bare land in stage IV. (2)The soil surface moisture increased, and the bulk density decreased significantly with drip irrigation. The final moisture of understory grassland and shrub land was 3.85 and 2.97 times that of the bare land layer at 0-10 cm, 2.55 and 1.97 times at 10-20 cm, and 1.61 times and 1.47 times at 20-40 cm, respectively. (3)Due to quick salt rinsing, Salix matsudana and Hibiscus maintained a high survival rate, and the germination of understory vegetation further increased the vegetation coverage. Meanwhile perennial understory herbs gradually became the dominant species, which positively effects on the maintenance of soil low-salt environment. (4)There were significant differences in SWC and ECe between autumn and winter irrigation treatment during stage I and stage II, indicating that irrigation strategies only impact on soil water-salt movement in the early stage. While there was no significant difference between understory grassland and shrub land, indicating that the research about the effects of vegetation cover type on water-salt transport should take a longer time scale.

Teratoma combined with struma ovarii and sarcomatoid carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

This is a rare case of struma ovarii combined with sarcomatoid carcinoma. Because struma ovarii and ovarian sarcomatoid carcinoma have an extremely low incidence, this may be the first case of a combined occurrence of both. Therefore, this report describes its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment, analyzes the pathogenesis, and summarizes the previous literature in the hope that it can be helpful to other tumor-related medical personnel and provide material support for the formation of guidelines for this disease.

RBM25 depletion suppresses the growth of colon cancer cells through regulating alternative splicing of MNK2.

Increasing evidence suggests that deregulated RNA splicing factors play critical roles in tumorigenesis; however, their specific involvement in colon cancer remains largely unknown. Here we report that the splicing factor RBM25 is overexpressed in colon cancer, and this increased expression correlates with a poor prognosis of patients with colon cancer. Functionally, RBM25 ablation suppresses the growth of colon cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, our transcriptome-wide analysis of splicing events revealed that RBM25 regulates a large number of cancer-related alternative splicing events across the human genome in colon cancer. Particularly, RBM25 regulates the splicing of MNK2 by interacting with the poly G rich region in exon 14a, thereby inhibiting the selection of the proximal 3' splice site (ss), resulting in the production of the oncogenic short isoform, MNK2b. Knockdown of RBM25 leads to an increase in the MNK2a isoform and a decrease in the MNK2b isoform. Importantly, re-expression of MNK2b or blocking the 3' ss of the alternative exon 14a with ASO partially reverses the RBM25 knockdown mediated tumor suppression. Moreover, MNK2b levels were significantly increased in colon cancer tissues, which is positively correlated with the expression level of RBM25. Collectively, our findings uncover the critical role of RBM25 as a key splicing factor in colon cancer, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target.