ABSTRACT
Introduction: Our objective was to explore the effect of the reduction of saturated fat (SAF) intake on cardiovascular disease, mortality and other health-related outcomes in adults. Methods: We conducted an umbrella review, searching Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases for systematic reviews from December 1, 2012, to December 1, 2022. We have included meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. We extracted effect sizes (95%CI), heterogeneity (I 2), and evidence quality rating based on the population, intervention, comparator, and outcomes. Results: 21 meta-analyses were included (three were from RCTs, and 18 were from cohort studies). Among meta-analyses of RCTs, 15 of the 45 associations were significant. The effect of reduction in SAF intake on combined cardiovascular events (RR 0.79, 95%CI 0.66-0.93) was graded as having moderate certainty of evidence. We found no effect on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, cancer deaths, and other cardiovascular events. Among meta-analyses of cohort studies, five of the 19 associations were significant. There was an increase in coronary heart disease mortality (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01-1.21) and breast cancer mortality (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.09-2.09) in participants with higher SFA intake compared to reduced SFA. We found no effect on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and other cardiovascular events. Conclusion: This umbrella review found the reduction in SAF intake probably reduces cardiovascular events and other health outcomes. However, it has little or no effect on cardiovascular mortality and mortality from other causes. More high-quality clinical trials with long-term follow-up are needed.Systematic review registration: CRD42022380859.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Dietary Fats , Adult , Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Fatty Acids , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
Objetivo: analizar la percepción del enfermero sobre la atención del paciente hospitalizado por COVID-19 en tres hospitales peruanos. Método: estudio descriptivo de análisis cualitativo con 47 enfermeras entrevistadas entre febrero a junio de 2021. Se utilizó la técnica del Análisis de Contenido Temático con uso del software Interface de R pour les Analyses multidimensionnelles de textes et de questionnaires. Resultados: fueron identificadas cinco clases temáticas: 1- Miedo de contagiar a los familiares con el virus de la COVID-19; 2- Frustración e impotencia de los profesionales de enfermería; 3- El papel de la enfermería: pasado, presente y futuro en el cuidado del paciente; 4- Capacitación para el establecimiento de nuevos protocolos y uso de Equipos de Protección Personal; 5- Doloroso proceso de adaptación para los profesionales de la salud. Consideraciones finales: el enfermero percibió que durante la pandemia su trabajo fue sufrido con carencias de recursos humanos, materiales y dilemas éticos.
Objetivo: analisar a percepção do enfermeiro sobre o atendimento do paciente hospitalizado por COVID-19 em três hospitais peruanos. Método: estudo descritivo de análise qualitativa com 47 enfermeiras entrevistadas entre fevereiro e junho de 2021. Utilizou-se a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo Temático com uso do software Interface de R pour les Analyses multidimensionnelles de textes et de questionnaires. Resultados: foram identificadas cinco classes temáticas: 1- Medo de contagiar os familiares com o vírus da COVID-19; 2- Frustração e impotência dos profissionais de enfermagem; 3- O papel da enfermagem: passado, presente e futuro no cuidado do paciente; 4- Capacitação para o estabelecimento de novos protocolos e uso de Equipamentos de Proteção Pessoal; 5- Doloroso processo de adaptação para os profissionais de saúde. Considerações finais: o enfermeiro percebeu que durante a pandemia seu trabalho foi sofrido com carências de recursos humanos, materiais e dilemas éticos.
Objective to analyze the perception of the nurse on the care of the patient hospitalized by COVID-19 in three Peruvian hospitals. Method: Descriptive qualitative analysis study with 47 nurses interviewed between February and June 2021. The Thematic Content Analysis technique was used using the R pour les Analyses multidimensionnelles de textes et de questionnaires. Results: five thematic classes were identified: 1- Fear of infecting relatives with the COVID-19 virus; 2- Frustration and impotence of nursing professionals; 3- The role of nursing: past, present and future in patient care; 4- Training for the establishment of new protocols and use of Personal Protection Equipment; 5- Painful adaptation process for health professionals. Final considerations: the nurse perceived that during the pandemic his work was suffered with shortages of human resources, materials and ethical dilemmas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Perception , Patient-Centered Care , COVID-19/nursing , Peru/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Introducción: La colitis ulcerosa es una enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal de etiología multifactorial, que afecta principalmente al colon y al recto. Sus síntomas cardinales son diarrea crónica, rectorragia y dolor abdominal en cuadros severos. Su curso se caracteriza por periodos de remisión y de actividad llamados brotes, aunque en una menor proporción puede mostrar una actividad continua. Cuando afecta el recto, el colon izquierdo o más zonas se denomina pancolitis. La colonoscopia con biopsias múltiples es imprescindible para confirmar el diagnóstico y valorar la extensión de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Remarcar y promover el cuadro clínico que permita la sospecha diagnóstica de la colitis ulcerosa en el primer nivel de atención. Caso clínico: Paciente de 19 años de edad con antecedentes de diarrea crónica sanguinolenta, refractaria a varios tratamientos, que remitió por sí misma y que posteriormente recidiva con mayor severidad, lo que hace sospechar de una etiología atípica: colitis ulcerosa(AU)
Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of multifactorial etiology that affects the colon and rectum. Its cardinal symptoms are diarrhea, rectal bleeding and abdominal pain(in severe cases). In its course alternate periods of remission and activity (flares), although in a minority it has continuous activity. The extension may affect the rectum, the left colon or even more zones (pancolitis). Colonoscopy with multiples biopsies is essential to confirm diagnosis and evaluate the extension of the disease. Objective: To publicize the clinical picture that allows the diagnostic suspicion of ulcerative colitis at the first level of care. Clinical case: We report a clinical case of a patient of 19 years old with a history of chronic bloody diarrhea refractory to various treatments, which remitted itself and later relapsed more severely, making suspicious of an atypical etiology: ulcerative colitis(AU)
