[Advances in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection in children]. / 儿童艰难梭菌感染的治疗进展.

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of hospital-acquired gastrointestinal infections in children. Current treatment for pediatric CDI primarily involves antibiotics; however, some children experience recurrence after antibiotic treatment, and those with initial recurrence remain at risk for further recurrences following subsequent antibiotic therapy. In such cases, careful consideration of treatment options is necessary. Fecal microbiota transplantation has been shown to be effective for recurrent CDI and has a high safety profile. This article reviews the latest research on the pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of pediatric CDI domestically and internationally, with a particular focus on fecal microbiota transplantation therapy.

SKAP1 Expression in Cancer Cells Enhances Colon Tumor Growth and Impairs Cytotoxic Immunity by Promoting Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation via the NFATc1/CXCL8 Axis.

The mechanisms underlying the development and progression of colon cancer are not fully understood. Herein, Src kinase associated phosphoprotein 1 (SKAP1), an immune cell adaptor, is identified as a novel colon cancer-related gene. SKAP1 expression is significantly increased in colon cancer cells. High SKAP1 levels are independently predictive of poor survival in patients with colon cancer. Notably, SKAP1 expression in colon cancer cells exerted a significant tumor-promoting effect in vivo rather than in vitro. Screening of tumor-infiltrating immune cells revealed the involvement of neutrophils in SKAP1-induced colon tumor promotion. Enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is found to be a key downstream event that contributed to the pro-tumor role of SKAP1. In colon cancer cells, SKAP1 increased the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) via nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1). The blockade of CXCL8 or NFATc1 largely attenuated neutrophil infiltration, NET formation, and tumor promotion induced by SKAP1. Furthermore, inhibiting SKAP1-induced NET significantly enhanced the antitumor efficiency of adoptive natural killer cell therapy in colon tumor models. In conclusion, SKAP1 significantly promotes colon cancer growth via the cancer cell/neutrophil NFATc1/CXCL8/NET axis, suggesting that SKAP1 is a potential target for colon cancer therapy.

Integrative genomics reveals the polygenic basis of seedlessness in grapevine.

Seedlessness is a crucial quality trait in table grape (Vitis vinifera L.) breeding. However, the development of seeds involved intricate regulations, and the polygenic basis of seed abortion remains unclear. Here, we combine comparative genomics, population genetics, quantitative genetics, and integrative genomics to unravel the evolution and polygenic basis of seedlessness in grapes. We generated the haplotype-resolved genomes for two seedless grape cultivars, "Thompson Seedless" (TS, syn. "Sultania") and "Black Monukka" (BM). Comparative genomics identified a ∼4.25 Mb hemizygous inversion on Chr10 specific in seedless cultivars, with seedless-associated genes VvTT16 and VvSUS2 located at breakpoints. Population genomic analyses of 548 grapevine accessions revealed two distinct clusters of seedless cultivars, and the identity-by-descent (IBD) results indicated that the origin of the seedlessness trait could be traced back to "Sultania." Introgression, rather than convergent selection, shaped the evolutionary history of seedlessness in grape improvement. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) analysis identified 110 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with 634 candidate genes, including previously unidentified candidate genes, such as three 11S GLOBULIN SEED STORAGE PROTEIN and two CYTOCHROME P450 genes, and well-known genes like VviAGL11. Integrative genomic analyses resulted in 339 core candidate genes categorized into 13 functional categories related to seed development. Machine learning-based genomic selection achieved a remarkable prediction accuracy of 97% for seedlessness in grapevines. Our findings highlight the polygenic nature of seedlessness and provide candidate genes for molecular genetics and an effective prediction for seedlessness in grape genomic breeding.

PAFerroptosis Combined with Metabolic Disturbance of Mito by p52-ZER6 for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy induced by Nano-Bacilliform-Enzyme.

The confused gene expressions and molecular mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction of traditional nanoenzymes is a challenge for tumor therapy. Herein, a nano-bacilliform-enzyme obtains the ability to inhibit p52-ZER6 signal pathway, regulate the genes related to mitochondrial metabolism, and possess the GOx/CAT/POD-like property. NBE acquires catalytic activity from the electronic energy transition. The tannin of NBE as a mitochondrial (Mito)-targeting guide overloads MitoROS, and then metabolic disorder and lipid peroxidation of Mito membrane occurs, thus leading to a novel death pathway called PAFerroptosis (pyroptosis, apoptosis, and Ferroptosis). Simultaneously, in order to refrain from mitophagy, hydroxychloroquine is mixed with NBE to form a combo with strength pyroptosis. As a result, NBE/combo improves the PAFerroptosis obviously by activation of CD8+T cells and inactivation of MDSC cells, up-regulating expression of caspase-3 signal pathway, intercepting DHODH pathway to arrive excellent antitumor effect (93%). Therefore, this study establishes a rational nanoenzyme for mitochondrial dysfunction without mitophagy for effective antitumor therapy.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Early-Onset Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on Population Data.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of young patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is projected to rise. This study aimed to investigate the distinctive characteristics of adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with HCC and identify the risk factors that impact their survival. METHODS: This study included 1005 AYA patients and 55,435 older adult (OA) patients with HCC, using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for baseline differences in patient characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test are utilized to compare the overall survival between the two groups. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for subgroup analysis to identify risk factors for overall survival in AYA patients. RESULTS: AYA patients exhibited a higher proportion of advanced clinical stage (49.15% vs 37.57%, P < 0.001) and fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (14.13% vs 0.09%, P < 0.001), but a lower incidence of alpha-fetoprotein positivity (32.04% vs 45.32%, P < 0.001) and cirrhosis (8.86% vs 18.32%, P < 0.001). The subgroup analysis results indicated that AYA patients had a more favorable prognosis than OA patients in most subgroups. Undifferentiated carcinoma emerged as the predominant risk factor for AYA patients (Hazard Ratio [HR], 6.08 [2.53-14.62]), whereas partial hepatectomy was determined to be the most advantageous factor (HR, 0.29 [0.23-0.37]). CONCLUSIONS: AYA patients with HCC exhibit more aggressive characteristics but demonstrate a better prognosis compared to the OA group, necessitating personalized surveillance and treatment.

Molecular Transformers: Adaptive Multitarget Ligands for Esterase-Induced Transition from Analgesics to Anesthetics.

Multitarget strategies are essential in addressing complex diseases, yet developing multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) is particularly challenging when aiming to engage multiple therapeutic targets across different tissues. Here, we present a molecular transformer strategy, enhancing traditional MTDLs. By utilizing esterase-driven hydrolysis, this approach mimics the adaptive nature of transformers for enabling molecules to modify their pharmacological effects in response to the biological milieu. By virtual screening and biological evaluation, we identified KGP-25, a novel compound initially targeting the voltage-gated sodium channel 1.8 (Nav1.8) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) for analgesia, and later the γ-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor (GABAA) in the central nervous system (CNS) for general anesthesia. Our findings confirm KGP-25's dual efficacy in cellular and animal models, effectively reducing opioid-related side effects. This study validates the molecular transformer approach in drug design and highlights its potential to overcome the limitations of conventional MTDLs, paving new avenues in innovative therapeutic strategies.

A bibliometric analysis of indocyanine green (ICG) in hepatobiliary surgery from 2008 to 2021.

Hundreds of scientific documents have reported on the application of indocyanine green (ICG) in hepatobiliary surgery in the past 13 years, but few bibliometric studies have been conducted. This study aimed to identify the situations of authors, countries/regions, institutions, journals, and hot topics in this field. The overall status and prospects of the current research in this field can be elucidated by bibliometric analysis. Publications from 2008 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection. The search terms included "liver," "hepatic," "gallbladder," "bile duct," "surgery," "hepatectomy," "ICG," "indocyanine green," and related synonyms. The full records of the search results were exported in text, and the cooperation network and hot topics were evaluated and visualized using CiteSpace software. The number of publications increased between 2008 and 2021. A total of 1527 publications were included in the results, and the frequency of citations was 30,742. The largest proportion of the publications emanated from Japan, and the majority of the papers were published by Kokudo. Tian Jie contributed the largest number of papers in China. Research was relatively concentrated among one country/region. The latest hotspots, "preservation" and "resistance", frequently occurred. Cooperation between authors, countries, and institutions needs to be strengthened for high-quality research. Recent studies have focused on hepatectomy, bile duct resection, liver transplantation, and tumors in this field. Future research may focus on other aspects, such as liver preservation and resistance.

Emerging non-invasive microwave and millimeter-wave imaging technologies for food inspection.

The microwave and millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging technology is gaining increasing interest for food inspection. It allows for noninvasive, contactless, and fast scanning capabilities, while being cost-efficient and safe to human. This review paper introduces the fundamentals in the interaction of electromagnetic wave with food materials and the current MMW sensing and imaging systems used for foods. Then we present emerging technologies in MMW imaging for inspecting food quality and safety, aiming to meet the modern food industry's demand. According to the most recent technological advancements, it is expected that high-performance antenna, ultrawide bandwidth signal generation, nano-scale semiconductor technologies, radio frequency identification with inductance-capacitance resonator, and machine learning could significantly enhance the capabilities of MMW imaging systems for food inspection.

The Role of Oxidative Stress and DNA Hydroxymethylation in the Pathogenesis of Benzo[a]pyrene-Impaired Reproductive Function in Male Mice.

Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is known to cause teratogenesis. Environmental exposure of BaP has led to wide public concerns due to their potential risk of reproductive toxicity. However, the exact mechanism is still not clear. We aimed to explore the alterations of oxidative stress and DNA hydroxymethylation during BaP-impaired reproductive function. BALB/c mice were intragastrically administered with different doses of BaP (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg/day, once a day), while control mice were administered with corn coil. Then, the reproductive function, alterations of oxidative stress, DNA methylation, and DNA hydroxymethylation of testis tissues were evaluated. We found that BaP caused obvious histopathological damages of testis tissues. As for sperm parameters after BaP administration, testis weight and the rate of teratosperm were increased, as well as sperm count and motility were decreased. In mechanism, BaP upregulated HO-1 and MDA levels and downregulated SOD and CAT activity and GSH content in testis tissues, indicating that oxidative stress was induced by BaP. Furthermore, a significant induction of hydroxymethylation and inhibition of methylation were observed in testis tissues after BaP exposure. Collectively, BaP-induced oxidative stress and hydroxymethylation were involved in impairing reproductive function, which may be the mechanism of the male infertility.

Deep simulated annealing for the discovery of novel dental anesthetics with local anesthesia and anti-inflammatory properties.

Multifunctional therapeutics have emerged as a solution to the constraints imposed by drugs with singular or insufficient therapeutic effects. The primary challenge is to integrate diverse pharmacophores within a single-molecule framework. To address this, we introduced DeepSA, a novel edit-based generative framework that utilizes deep simulated annealing for the modification of articaine, a well-known local anesthetic. DeepSA integrates deep neural networks into metaheuristics, effectively constraining molecular space during compound generation. This framework employs a sophisticated objective function that accounts for scaffold preservation, anti-inflammatory properties, and covalent constraints. Through a sequence of local editing to navigate the molecular space, DeepSA successfully identified AT-17, a derivative exhibiting potent analgesic properties and significant anti-inflammatory activity in various animal models. Mechanistic insights into AT-17 revealed its dual mode of action: selective inhibition of NaV1.7 and 1.8 channels, contributing to its prolonged local anesthetic effects, and suppression of inflammatory mediators via modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. These findings not only highlight the efficacy of AT-17 as a multifunctional drug candidate but also highlight the potential of DeepSA in facilitating AI-enhanced drug discovery, particularly within stringent chemical constraints.

Liposomal Nanomaterials: A Rising Star in Glioma Treatment.

Glioma is a primary malignant tumor in the central nervous system. In recent years, the treatment of glioma has developed rapidly, but the overall survival of glioma patients has not significantly improved. Due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and intracranial tumor barrier, many drugs with good effects to cure glioma in vitro cannot be accurately transported to the corresponding lesions. In order to enable anti-tumor drugs to overcome the barriers and target glioma, nanodrug delivery systems have emerged recently. It is gratifying that liposomes, as a multifunctional nanodrug delivery carrier, which can be compatible with hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs, easily functionalized by various targeted ligands, biodegradable, and hypoimmunogenic in vivo, has become a quality choice to solve the intractable problem of glioma medication. Therefore, we focused on the liposome nanodrug delivery system, and summarized its current research progress in glioma. Hopefully, this review may provide new ideas for the research and development of liposome-based nanomaterials for the clinical treatment of glioma.

How the root bacterial community of Ficus tikoua responds to nematode infection: enrichments of nitrogen-fixing and nematode-antagonistic bacteria in the parasitized organs.

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are among the most damaging pathogens to host plants. Plants can modulate their associated bacteria to cope with nematode infections. The tritrophic plant-nematode-microbe interactions are highly taxa-dependent, resulting in the effectiveness of nematode agents being variable among different host plants. Ficus tikoua is a versatile plant with high application potential for fruits or medicines. In recent years, a few farmers have attempted to cultivate this species in Sichuan, China, where parasitic nematodes are present. We used 16S rRNA genes to explore the effects of nematode parasitism on root-associated bacteria in this species. Our results revealed that nematode infection had effects on both endophytic bacterial communities and rhizosphere communities in F. tikoua roots, but on different levels. The species richness increased in the rhizosphere bacterial communities of infected individuals, but the community composition remained similar as compared with that of healthy individuals. Nematode infection induces a deterministic assembly process in the endophytic bacterial communities of parasitized organs. Significant taxonomic and functional changes were observed in the endophytic communities of root knots. These changes were characterized by the enrichment of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, including Bradyrhizobium, Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, and nematode-antagonistic bacteria, such as Pseudonocardia, Pseudomonas, Steroidobacter, Rhizobacter, and Ferrovibrio. Our results would help the understanding of the tritrophic plant-nematode-bacterium interactions in host plants other than dominant crops and vegetables and would provide essential information for successful nematode management when F. tikoua were cultivated on large scales.

[68Ga]Ga­PSMA­617 PET-based radiomics model to identify candidates for active surveillance amongst patients with GGG 1-2 prostate cancer at biopsy.

PURPOSE: To develop a radiomics-based model using [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT to predict postoperative adverse pathology (AP) in patients with biopsy Gleason Grade Group (GGG) 1-2 prostate cancer (PCa), assisting in the selection of patients for active surveillance (AS). METHODS: A total of 75 men with biopsy GGG 1-2 PCa who underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into a training group (70%) and a testing group (30%). Radiomics features of entire prostate were extracted from the [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET scans and selected using the minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to construct the prediction models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curve were employed to evaluate the diagnostic value, clinical utility, and predictive accuracy of the models, respectively. RESULTS: Among the 75 patients, 30 had AP confirmed by RP. The clinical model showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.821 (0.695-0.947) in the training set and 0.795 (0.603-0.987) in the testing set. The radiomics model achieved AUC values of 0.830 (0.720-0.941) in the training set and 0.829 (0.624-1.000) in the testing set. The combined model, which incorporated the Radiomics score (Radscore) and free prostate-specific antigen (FPSA)/total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA), demonstrated higher diagnostic efficacy than both the clinical and radiomics models, with AUC values of 0.875 (0.780-0.970) in the training set and 0.872 (0.678-1.000) in the testing set. DCA showed that the net benefits of the combined model and radiomics model exceeded those of the clinical model. CONCLUSION: The combined model shows potential in stratifying men with biopsy GGG 1-2 PCa based on the presence of AP at final pathology and outperforms models based solely on clinical or radiomics features. It may be expected to aid urologists in better selecting suitable patients for AS.

Zirconaaziridine-Mediated Ni-Catalyzed Diastereoselective C(sp2)-Glycosylation.

In the realm of organic synthesis, the catalytic and stereoselective formation of C-glycosidic bonds is a pivotal process, bridging carbohydrates with aglycones. However, the inherent chirality of the saccharide scaffold often has a substantial impact on the stereoinduction imposed by a chiral ligand. In this study, we have established an unprecedented zirconaaziridine-mediated asymmetric nickel catalysis, enabling the diastereoselective coupling of bench-stable glycosyl phosphates with a range of (hetero)aromatic and glycal iodides as feasible coupling electrophiles. Our developed method showcases a broad scope and a high tolerance for various functional groups. More importantly, precise stereocontrol toward both anomeric configurations of forming C(sp2)-glycosides can be realized by simply utilizing the popular chiral bioxazoline (biOx) ligands in this reductive Ni catalysis. Regarding the operating mechanism, both experimental and computational studies support the occurrence of a redox transmetalation process, leading to the formation of a transient, bimetallic Ni-Zr species that acts as a potent and efficient single-electron reductant in the catalytic process.

[Neurodevelopment and cerebral blood flow in children aged 2-6 years with autism spectrum disorder]. / 2~6å²å­¤ç‹¬ç—‡è°±ç³»éšœç¢å„¿ç«¥ç¥žç»å‘è‚²ä¸Žè„‘è¡€æµé‡çš„ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the neurodevelopmental characteristics of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), analyze the correlation between neurodevelopmental indicators and cerebral blood flow (CBF), and explore the potential mechanisms of neurodevelopment in ASD children. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 145 children aged 2-6 years with newly-diagnosed ASD. Scores from the Gesell Developmental Diagnosis Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and CBF results were collected to compare gender differences in the development of children with ASD and analyze the correlation between CBF and neurodevelopmental indicators. RESULTS: Fine motor and personal-social development quotient in boys with ASD were lower than those in girls with ASD (P<0.05). Gross motor development quotient in ASD children was negatively correlated with CBF in the left frontal lobe (r=-0.200, P=0.016), right frontal lobe (r=-0.279, P=0.001), left parietal lobe (r=-0.208, P=0.012), and right parietal lobe (r=-0.187, P=0.025). The total ABC score was positively correlated with CBF in the left amygdala (r=0.295, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Early intervention training should pay attention to gender and developmental structural characteristics for precise intervention in ASD children. CBF has the potential to become a biological marker for assessing the severity of ASD.

FKBP51 is involved in LPS-induced microglial activation via NF-κB signaling to mediate neuroinflammation.

AIMS: FKBP5 encodes FKBP51, which has been implicated in stress-related psychiatric disorders, and its expression is often increased under chronic stress, contributing to mental dysfunctions. However, the precise role of FKBP51 in brain inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of FKBP51 in microglia-mediated inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. MAIN METHODS: We employed a peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration model to compare microglial activation and cytokine gene expression between Fkbp5 knockout (Fkbp5-KO) and wild-type (WT) male mice. Additionally, we used both BV2 and primary microglia in vitro to examine how Fkbp5 deletion influenced inflammation-related pathways and microglial functions. KEY FINDINGS: This study revealed that systemic LPS-induced microglial activation was significantly attenuated in Fkbp5-KO mice compared with WT mice. In Fkbp5-KO mice following the LPS challenge, there was a notable decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, coupled with an increase in the anti-inflammatory gene Arg1. Furthermore, Fkbp5 knockdown in BV2 microglial cells led to reduced expression of LPS-induced inflammatory markers, and targeted inhibition of NF-κB activation, while Akt signaling remained unaffected. Similar results were observed in Fkbp5-KO primary microglia, which exhibited not only decreased microglial activation but also a significant reduction in phagocytic activity in response to LPS stimulation. SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the critical role of FKBP51 in LPS-induced microglial activation and neuroinflammation. It shows that reducing FKBP51 levels attenuates inflammation through NF-κB signaling in microglia. This suggests that FKBP51 is a potential target for alleviating neuroinflammation-induced stress responses.

Neurocognitive performance of badminton players at different competitive levels in visuospatial attention tasks.

Visuospatial attention (VSA) is a cognitive function that enables athletes, particularly those engaged in open-skill sports, to allocate attentional resources efficiently to the appropriate target and in the appropriate direction. Studies have indicated that expert players exhibit superior cognitive performance to that of novices. However, no study has investigated differences in VSA performance among elite, expert, and intermediate badminton players or the potential neurophysiological mechanisms underlying such differences. Accordingly, the present study explored neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters during VSA tasks among badminton players of varying competitive levels. The study included 54 participants and divided them into three groups according to their competition records: elite (n = 18), expert (n = 18), and intermediate (n = 18). Their neuropsychological performance and brain event-related potentials (ERPs) during the Posner cueing paradigm were collected. Although the three groups did not differ in their accuracy rates, ERP N2 amplitudes, or N2 or P3 latencies, the elite and expert groups exhibited notably faster reaction times and more pronounced P3 amplitudes than did the intermediate group during the cognitive task. However, we did not observe these between-group differences when we controlled for the covariate training years. Additionally, the elite and expert groups exhibited comparable neurocognitive performance. These findings indicate that badminton players' competitive levels influence their VSA. However, the beneficial effects on neuropsychological and neurophysiological performance could stabilize after a certain level of badminton competence is reached. Year of training could also be a major factor influencing badminton players' neurocognitive performance in VSA tasks.

Ozone Improves Oxygenation and Offers Organ Protection after Autologous Blood Transfusion in a Simulated Carbon Dioxide Pneumoperitoneal Environment in a Rabbit Hemorrhagic Shock Model.

Objectives: Autologous blood transfusion techniques are well applied in surgery, but the red blood cells (RBCs) collected during laparoscopic surgery may forfeit their ability to oxygenate. O3 is a potent oxidation gas. This study investigates whether O3 could improve the oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs, reduce inflammatory reactions, and offer organ protection. Methods: We established a hemorrhagic shock model in rabbits, and simulated CO2 pneumoperitoneum and O3 were applied before autologous blood transfusion. Perioperative mean arterial pressure and arterial blood gas were recorded, blood gas and RBC morphology of collected blood were analyzed, plasma IL-6, ALT, AST, CRE, and lung histopathology POD0 and POD3 were tested, as well as postoperative survival quality. Results: Autologous blood that underwent simulated CO2 pneumoperitoneum had a lower pH and SaO2 and a higher PaCO2 than the control group. After O3 treatment, PaO2 and SaO2 increased significantly, with unchanged pH values and PaCO2. RBCs in autologous blood were drastically deformed after CO2 conditioning and then reversed to normal by O3 treatment. Rabbits that received CO2-conditioned autologous blood had a compromised survival quality after surgery, higher plasma IL-6 levels, higher lung injury scores on POD0, higher ALT and AST levels on POD3, and O3 treatment alleviated these adverse outcomes. Conclusion: O3 can restore RBC function, significantly improve blood oxygenation under simulated CO2 pneumoperitoneum, offer organ protection, and improve the postoperative survival quality in the rabbit hemorrhage shock model.

Neuroprotective effects of Anshen Bunao Syrup on cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease rat models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant challenge due to its prevalence and lack of cure, driving the quest for effective treatments. Anshen Bunao Syrup, a traditional Chinese medicine known for its neuroprotective properties, shows promise in addressing this need. However, understanding its precise mechanisms in AD remains elusive. This study aimed to investigate Anshen Bunao Syrup's therapeutic potential in AD treatment using a scopolamine-induced AD rat model. Assessments included novel-object recognition and Morris water maze tasks to evaluate spatial learning and memory, alongside Nissl staining and ELISA analyses for neuronal damage and biomarker levels. Results demonstrated that Anshen Bunao Syrup effectively mitigated cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting amyloid-ß and phosphorylation Tau aggregation, thereby reducing neuronal damage. Metabolomics profiling of rats cortex revealed alterations in key metabolites implicated in tryptophan and fatty acid metabolism pathways, suggesting a role in the therapeutic effects of Anshen Bunao Syrup. Additionally, ELISA and correlation analyses indicated attenuation of oxidative stress and immune response through metabolic remodeling. In conclusion, this study provides compelling evidence for the neuroprotective effects of Anshen Bunao Syrup in AD models, shedding light on its potential as a therapeutic agent for AD prevention and treatment.