Multi-dimensional epidemiology and informatics data on COVID-19 wave at the end of zero COVID policy in China.

Background: China exited strict Zero-COVID policy with a surge in Omicron variant infections in December 2022. Given China's pandemic policy and population immunity, employing Baidu Index (BDI) to analyze the evolving disease landscape and estimate the nationwide pneumonia hospitalizations in the post Zero COVID period, validated by hospital data, holds informative potential for future outbreaks. Methods: Retrospective observational analyses were conducted at the conclusion of the Zero-COVID policy, integrating internet search data alongside offline records. Methodologies employed were multidimensional, encompassing lagged Spearman correlation analysis, growth rate assessments, independent sample T-tests, Granger causality examinations, and Bayesian structural time series (BSTS) models for comprehensive data scrutiny. Results: Various diseases exhibited a notable upsurge in the BDI after the policy change, consistent with the broader trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic. Robust connections emerged between COVID-19 and diverse health conditions, predominantly impacting the respiratory, circulatory, ophthalmological, and neurological domains. Notably, 34 diseases displayed a relatively high correlation (r > 0.5) with COVID-19. Among these, 12 exhibited a growth rate exceeding 50% post-policy transition, with myocarditis escalating by 1,708% and pneumonia by 1,332%. In these 34 diseases, causal relationships have been confirmed for 23 of them, while 28 garnered validation from hospital-based evidence. Notably, 19 diseases obtained concurrent validation from both Granger causality and hospital-based data. Finally, the BSTS models approximated approximately 4,332,655 inpatients diagnosed with pneumonia nationwide during the 2 months subsequent to the policy relaxation. Conclusion: This investigation elucidated substantial associations between COVID-19 and respiratory, circulatory, ophthalmological, and neurological disorders. The outcomes from comprehensive multi-dimensional cross-over studies notably augmented the robustness of our comprehension of COVID-19's disease spectrum, advocating for the prospective utility of internet-derived data. Our research highlights the potential of Internet behavior in predicting pandemic-related syndromes, emphasizing its importance for public health strategies, resource allocation, and preparedness for future outbreaks.

[Effects of sucrose and light on the growth and production of secondary metabolites in Pueraria phaseoloides hairy roots].

Effects of sucrose concentrations and light on the growth and production of total isoflavones and puerarin in Pueraria phaseoloides hairy roots cultured onto solid MS media supplemented with 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 9% sucrose, respectively, were investigated. The results showed that among the sucrose concentrations tested, 3% sucrose in the medium enhanced the growth and stimulated accumulation of total isoflavones and puerarin in P. phaseoloides hairy roots, After cultured for 20 days, the biomass of hairy roots reached 0.48 g (DW dry weight)/flask and its contents of total isoflavones and puerarin were 25.44 mg/g (DW) and 11.64 mg/g (DW), respectively. In comparison with 3% sucrose, the dry weight proliferation of hairy roots cultured with 5% sucrose was increased by 7.0%, while cultured with 1%, 7% and 9% sucrose, the dry weight proliferation of hairy roots was decreased by 62.4%, 42.8% and 65.3%, their total isoflavones content was decreased by 57.4%, 13% and 33.4% and their puerarin content was decreased by 47.9%, 15.8% and 35.1%; but their content of total soluble sugars was increased 0.52, 1.45 and 1.54 times, respectively. Compared with hairy roots in blue light and white light, the biomass of hairy roots cultured in the dark for 30 days was 0.83 g (DW)/flask and was increased by 37.1% and 23.3%, respectively. The content of total isoflavones in hairy roots cultured in white light was as much as 1.15 times and 1.19 times that in blue light and in the dark, respectively. It was also observed that hairy roots cultured in blue light and white light partly became light green and that blue light could inhibit accumulation of puerarin in hairy roots and the puerarin content in hairy root cultured in white light and in the dark were 1.61 times and 1.52 times that in blue light, respectively.