ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of denture adhesives on masticatory performance via a 10-center, parallel, randomized, controlled trial of complete denture wearers in Japan. METHODS: The trial was conducted between September 2013 and October 2016. The inclusion criteria were complete edentulism, willingness to undergo new complete denture treatment, and willingness to return for recall treatment. The exclusion criteria were age 90 years or older, presence of severe systemic illness, inability to understand the questionnaires, wearing metal base complete dentures, denture adhesive user, wearing prosthetics for maxillofacial defects, wearing complete dentures with tissue conditioners, and severe xerostomia. Randomization of the powder-type denture adhesive (powder), cream-type denture adhesive (cream), and control (saline) groups was performed using a sealed envelope system. Masticatory performance was measured using color-changeable chewing gum. Intervention blinding was not feasible. RESULTS: Sixty-seven control, 69 powder, and 64 cream participants are analyzed using the intention-to-treat principle. The participants in all groups show significantly improved masticatory performance at post-intervention (paired t-test with Bonferroni correction P < 0.0001). However, no significant difference in masticatory performance is detected among the three groups (one-way analysis of variance). A significant negative correlation between pre- and post-changes in masticatory performance and intraoral condition scores is observed (Pearson's correlation coefficient, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Although denture adhesives improved the masticatory performance of complete denture wearers, their clinical effects are comparable to those of saline solution. The use of denture adhesives is more effective in complete denture wearers with unsatisfactory intraoral conditions.
Subject(s)
Mouth, Edentulous , Tooth Loss , Humans , Aged, 80 and over , Powders , Denture, Complete , Chewing Gum , MasticationABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the effects of denture adhesives on denture retention and occlusal force in complete denture wearers in a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group controlled trial. METHODS: Two hundred edentulous patients wearing complete dentures were allocated to three groups: powder-type denture adhesive, cream-type denture adhesive, and control (saline solution). Denture adhesives and saline solution were applied to the dentures for 4 days. The retentive force of the dentures and occlusal force were measured using a force transducer occlusal force meter at baseline and after 4 days of intervention. In addition to between-group comparisons, subgroup analyses of denture retention and occlusal force were performed based on the level of difficulty of the edentulism treatment. The levels were ranked as I (easy), II, III, and IV (difficult). RESULTS: Cream-type denture adhesives significantly improved the retentive force of the dentures (P<0.01) and occlusal force (P<0.05), with no significant differences between baseline and post-intervention forces in the powder-type denture adhesive and control groups. In within-group comparisons, cream-type denture adhesives improved both the retentive and occlusal forces at Level II (P<0.05), and powder-type denture adhesives improved the occlusal force at Level II (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Application of cream-type denture adhesives effectively improves the denture retention and occlusal force in complete denture wearers with a moderate degree of difficulty during edentulism treatment.
