Treatment of patients with common cranial nerve diseases by microvascular decompression via a posterior sigmoid sinus key hole approach: a report of 211 cases / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the incidence of operation complications and clinical curative effect of microsurgical vascular decompression on treatment of patients with common cranial nerve diseases. Methods One hundred and sixty-six patients with hemifacial spasm and 45 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia,admitted to our hospital from September 2006 to May 2011,were collected in our study; all the patients under,vent microvascular decompression via a posterior sigmoid sinus key hole approach.Complications were analyzed after surgery for trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm patients to find the difference on complications between these 2 diseases. And at least 3-month clinical follow-up after microvascular decompression surgery was carried out to note the differences on disappearance of cranial nerve symptoms between 3 d and 3 months after the surgery. Results Postoperative fever in the patients with hemifacial spasm and trigeminal neuralgia was seen in 51 and 14 patients,prosopoplegia in 7 and 1 patient,hearing impairment in 4 and 2 patients,incisional cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 5 and 2 patients, and intracranial infection in 3 and 2 patients, respectively. Symptom disappearance was noted in 109 patients with hemifacial spasm 3 d after the surgery and in 153 patients 3 months after surgery with a cure rate up to 92.2％; 44 patients with disappearance of symptoms during the 3rd d to the 3rd months of surgery had delayed healing. The symptom disappearance was observed in 40 patients with trigeminal neuralgia 3 d after the surgery and in 42 patients 3 months after the surgery,with a cure rate reaching 93.3％. Conclusion No significant difference in the incidence of operation complications is noted between patients with trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm treated by microvascular decompression via a posterior sigmoid sinus key hole approach; the surgery enjoys exact effectiveness; and postoperative patients with hemifacial spasm may gradually get recovery in a short term.

Benign fibrous histiocytoma involving the skull: a case report and literature review / 南方医科大学学报

Benign fibrous histiocytomas (BFH) represent a rare group of tumors with a common origin from the tissue histiocytes, often causing pain and space-occupying effect. BFH of bone causes diagnostic difficulties due to its atypical clinical symptoms, radiographic features and cytological characteristics, which can be easily confused with other benign lesions such as non-ossifying fibroma (NOF), giant cell tumor (GCT), and fibrous dysplasia. The lesions are prone to relapse, and the patients often show poor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, therefore radical lesion resection should be the therapeutic target of this disease. This paper reported a case of BFH involving the skull and reviewed the associated literatures.

Effects of teniposide combined with semustine on O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase expression in patients with glioma / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To study the relationship between O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase(MGMT)expression in gliomas and the efficacy of teniposide(VM-26)combined with somustine(Me-CCNU). Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on 47 patients diagnosed by pathology as having gliomas.The expression of MGMT in all paraffin sections of the patients were determined by immunohistochemical technique.The clinical efficacy was observed and the overall survival rates were analyzed. Results The positive rate of MGMT in all the 47 patients was 40.4%.Three-year survival rate of the negative group was 66.7%and that of the positive group was 52.6%without statistical significance(P>0.05).The average OS of the negative group was 67.861±10.094 and that of the positive group was 47.263±7.983 without statistical significance(P>0.05).Bone marrow suppression of grade I was found in 11 patients with 6 appearing stomach discomfort,vomiting,diarrhea,loss of appetite and digestive symptoms.Conclusions MGMT is one agent of drug resistance of nitrosourea.VM-26 combined with Me-CCNU chemotherapy can overcome the resistance effect of MGMT with little side effects.

Pathogenesis and prognosis of chronic hydrocephalus following aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage treated by endovascular embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors and the prognosis of chronic hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) treated by endovaseular embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs). Methods Endovascular embolization with GDCs were performed in 132 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage that satisfied our research standard. After endovascular embolization, ventricular drainage was conventionally performed in patients who occurred intraventricular hemorrhage combined with obstruction in the ventricular system, while cerebrospinal fluid permutation was performed in other patients. Chronic hydrocephalus was evaluated by CT 1 month after SAH. Ventricle-peritoneal shunt was carried out for patients with severe chronic hydrocephalus while only clinical observation was needed for patients with mild chronic hydrocephalus. Clinical follow-up evaluation was carried out 6 months after SAIl according to the modified Rankin scale score. The risk factors related to chronic hydrocephalus were noted through the statistical analysis of the patients' data and the relation between the appearing of chronic hydrocephalus and clinical prognosis of SAH was analyzed. Results The overall incidence rate of chronic hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage was 12.12% and age, Fisher grade and Hunt-Hess grade had important value in the prognosis of chronic hydrocephalus. Clinical prognosis of SAH was not significantly related to chronic hydrocephalus following SAH (P >0.05). Conclusion Chronic hydrocephalus following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is not only resulted from one single risk factor and good clinical prognosis can be achieved by promptly performing ventricle-peritoneal shunt in patients with severe chronic hydrocephalus.

Sensing Escherichia coli O157:H7 via frequency shift through a self-assembled monolayer based QCM immunosensor / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

By means of the specific immuno-recognition and ultra-sensitive mass detection, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor for Escherichia coli O157:H7 detection was developed in this work. As a suitable surfactant, 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA) was introduced onto the Au surface of QCM, and then self-assembled with N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) raster as a reactive intermediate to provide an active interface for the specific antibody immobilization. The binding of target bacteria with the immobilized antibodies decreased the sensor's resonant frequency, and the frequency shift was correlated to the bacterial concentration. The stepwise assembly of the immunosensor was characterized by means of the electrochemical techniques. Using the immersion-dry-immersion procedure, this QCM biosensor could detect 2.0x10(2) colony forming units (CFU)/ml E. coli O157:H7. In order to reduce the fabrication time, a polyelectrolyte layer-by-layer self-assembly (LBL-SA) method was adopted for fast construction. Finally, the reproducibility of this biosensor was discussed.

Construction of hu-PBL/SCID chimeras and development of EBV-related lymphomas / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct hu-PBL/SCID chimeras and to investigate the development of lymphoma and oncogenicity of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were isolated from healthy adult donors and transplanted intraperitoneally into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Mice with hu-PBL engraftment from healthy EBV seronegative donors were injected intraperitoneally with EBV-containing supernatant from suspension culture of B95-8 cell line (active infection), whereas mice receiving lymphocytes from healthy EBV seropositive donors were not re-infected with B95-8 derived EBV (latent infection). Pathological examination and molecular analysis were performed on experimental animals and induced neoplasms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the early stage of this experiment, 12 mice died of acute graft-versus-host disease, mortality was 34.3% (12/35 mice) with an average life span of 17.5 days. In 19 survival hu-PBL/SCID chimeric recipients from 12 healthy donors, tumor incidence was 84.2% (16/19 mice). The average survival time of tumor-bearing mice was 65.5 days. EBV-related neoplasms in SCID mice were nodular tumors with aggressive and fatal features. Histological morphology of tumors exhibited diffuse large cell lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry revealed that LCA (CD45) and L26 (CD20) were positive, but both PS1 (CD3) and UCHL-1 (CD45RO) were negative, and EBV products ZEBRA, LMP1, and EBNA2 were expressed in a small number of tumor cells. EB virus particles were seen in the nuclei of some tumor cells by electron microscopy, and EBV DNA could be amplified in the tumor tissues by PCR. In situ hybridization indicated that the nuclei of tumor cells contained human-specific Alu sequence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>EBV-induced tumors were human B-cell malignant lymphomas. We obtained direct causative evidence dealing with EBV-associated tumor deriving from normal human cells.</p>

Callus induction and regeneration from mature seeds of indica rice minghui 63 and anti-fungal assay of transgenic rice plants / 生物工程学报

A large number of callus from mature seeds of indica rice minghui 63 were obtained through pre-induction on medium with 2 mg/L 2,4-D but without inorganic and organic components for 9 days. Trichosanthin gene was transferred into indica rice minghui 63 by using agrobacterium with the help of bombardment and the transgenic plants were obtained by inducing regeneration. Southern and Western blot analysis showed that the trichosanthin gene had been transferred into genome of minghui 63 and expressed in rice plants. The anti-fungal assay suggested that transgenic rice plants enhanced resistance to infection of Pyricularia oryzae.