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2.
Microb Drug Resist ; 25(9): 1365-1373, 2019 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31361565

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to characterize the main mechanisms of acquired antimicrobial resistance of 103 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from bloodstream from 2006 to 2016 from a hospital in Londrina, Brazil. All 103 isolates were identified as A. baumannii by amplification of the blaOXA-51-like and rpoB genes. Mortality was observed in the majority (81.6%) of the patients. High non-susceptibility rates (100.0-10.7%) were obtained for the evaluated antimicrobials, including colistin, polymyxin B, and tigecycline, and most isolates were classified as extensively drug-resistant (78.6%). Carbapenemase production was observed in 92.2% of the isolates. All carbapenem-resistant isolates showed a carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D ß-lactamase being either blaOXA-23-like (97.9%) or blaOXA-143-like (2.1%). None of the isolates had the genes blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaSPM-1, blaSIM-1, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaGIM, blaGES, mcr-1, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, and qnrVc. As a genetic context of the blaOXA-23-like gene, Tn2006 was predominated (86.0%), and Tn2008 was less frequent (12.9%). Isolates harboring the blaOXA-143-like gene showed the blaOXA-253-like variant. A polyclonal profile was observed among the A. baumannii isolates. The presence of the international clonal complexes CC113/79, CC109/1, CC110/25, and CC103/15 was detected, with prevalence of CC113/79 (38.8%). This study provides essential information to understand the antimicrobial resistance patterns of A. baumannii and can be used to strengthen infection control measures in our hospital. Also, the study reinforces the urgent need to develop stewardship programs to avoid the spread and potential outbreaks by this pathogen.


Subject(s)
Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy , Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/genetics , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Acinetobacter baumannii/genetics , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Carbapenems/pharmacology , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Young Adult
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; Braz. j. infect. dis;14(6): 553-557, Nov.-Dec. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578429

ABSTRACT

Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic agents and children under five years of age are the target population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - Paraná. METHODS: Latex agglutination (LA); immunochromatography (ICG); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative staining electron microscopy (ME) tests were used to detect the virus. For the genotyping, RT-PCR and RT-PCR-ELISA were used, respectively, for NSP4 and VP4/VP7. RESULT: Out of 124 samples there were 69 positive stool samples for RV, for at least one of the used tests, 67 of them being RV group A (RV-A). Overall, most of the RV positive stool samples came from children under thirteen years of age. However, 12 positive cases occurred in patients aged 13 years or above, including an 81-year old patient. CONCLUSION: The data showed similar electropherotypes and genotypes G, P and NSP4 of the inland wild circulating strains of RV.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Diarrhea/virology , Rotavirus Infections/virology , Rotavirus/genetics , Acute Disease , Chromatography , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Feces/virology , Genotype , Latex Fixation Tests , Microscopy, Electron , Negative Staining , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus/isolation & purification
5.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 14(6): 553-7, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21340294

ABSTRACT

UNLABELLED: Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic agents and children under five years of age are the target population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - Paraná. METHODS: Latex agglutination (LA); immunochromatography (ICG); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative staining electron microscopy (ME) tests were used to detect the virus. For the genotyping, RT-PCR and RT-PCR-ELISA were used, respectively, for NSP4 and VP4/VP7. RESULT: Out of 124 samples there were 69 positive stool samples for RV, for at least one of the used tests, 67 of them being RV group A (RV-A). Overall, most of the RV positive stool samples came from children under thirteen years of age. However, 12 positive cases occurred in patients aged 13 years or above, including an 81-year old patient. CONCLUSION: The data showed similar electropherotypes and genotypes G, P and NSP4 of the inland wild circulating strains of RV.


Subject(s)
Diarrhea/virology , Rotavirus Infections/virology , Rotavirus/genetics , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Chromatography , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Feces/virology , Female , Genotype , Humans , Infant , Latex Fixation Tests , Microscopy, Electron , Middle Aged , Negative Staining , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Young Adult
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