Bta-miR-181d and Bta-miR-196a mediated proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in Bovine Myogenic Cells.

Skeletal muscle is an important component of livestock and poultry organisms. The proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts are highly coordinated processes, which rely on the regulation of miRNA. MiRNAs are widely present in organisms and play roles in various biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. MiR-181d and miR-196a, identified as tumor suppressors, have been found to be involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, directed differentiation, and cancer cell invasion. However, their role in beef cattle skeletal muscle metabolism remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that overexpression of bta-miR-181d and bta-miR-196a in Qinchuan cattle myoblasts inhibited proliferation and apoptosis while promoting myogenic differentiation through EDU staining, flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting. RNA-seq analysis of differential gene expression revealed that after overexpression of bta-miR-181d and bta-miR-196a, the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of key proteins p-AKT in the PI3K signaling pathway and p-MAPK in the MAPK signaling pathway were significantly decreased after overexpression of bta-miR-181d and bta-miR-196a. Overall, this study provides preliminary evidence that bta-miR-181d and bta-miR-196a may regulate proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation processes in Qinchuan cattle myoblasts by affecting the phosphorylation status of key proteins in PI3K-Akt and MAPK-ERK signaling pathways.

In this research, we explored the functions of two specific microRNAs, bta-miR-181d and bta-miR-196a, in the muscle cells of Qinchuan cattle. These tiny molecules are known to play crucial roles in various cellular processes. Our findings reveal that these microRNAs significantly influence cell growth, death, and differentiation in muscle cells through their interactions with the AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. This study not only expands our understanding of the miR-181 and miR-196 families but also sheds light on the broader role of microRNAs in the development and growth of skeletal muscles. These insights could have important implications for animal husbandry and the study of muscle biology.

Application of improved insulin injections abdomen locator card in the empty nest elderly diabetic patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To compare the differences in the use of effects of improved and traditional abdominal positioning locator card in the empty nest elderly diabetic patients with insulin pen injection. Methods 100 discharged cases of empty nest elderly diabetic patients with insulin treated were enrolled. They were divided into two groups by random digital table method, 50 cases in traditional positioning card injection group and 50 cases in improved positioning card injection group. Usage rate of two sets of locator cart, adverse reactions in local skin injection and blood glucose control were observed for 12 months. Results After 12 months, 44 cases occupied 88%in improved positioning card injection group were not about using positioning card while 30 cases occupied 60%in traditional positioning card injection group. The difference was statistical significance (P<0.05). After 12 months, only 3 cases in improved positioning card injection group appeared local injection site reactions which was significantly lower than 31 cases in the traditional positioning card injection group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);12 months later, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2 h PBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1c) of improved positioning card injection group and traditional positioning card injection group [(7.0 ±1.5) mmol/L and(7.8±1.9)mmol/L,(10.7±2.1)mmol/L and(12.3±2.2)mmol/L,(7.1±1.3)% and(7.7±1.5)%] were all decreased significantly than before. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). FBG,2 h PBG, HbA1c of improved positioning card injection group were decreased more significantly than that in traditional positioning card injection group and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The standard rate of HbA1c [64% (32/50)] in improved positioning card injection group was higher than that in traditional positioning card injection group [42%(21/50)]. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The modified abdominal injection locator card can improve patients′positioning card usage rate, optimize insulin injection technique, reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions in local skin injection and improve the control of blood glucose.