Photoinduced decarboxylative germylation of α-fluoroacrylic acids: access to germylated monofluoroalkenes.

Herein, a novel strategy is presented for the photoinduced decarboxylative and dehydrogenative cross-coupling of a wide range of α-fluoroacrylic acids with hydrogermanes. This methodology provides an efficient and robust approach for producing various germylated monofluoroalkenes with excellent stereoselectivity within a brief photoirradiation period. The feasibility of this reaction has been demonstrated through gram-scale reaction, conversion of germylated monofluoroalkenes, and modification of complex organic molecules.

Predictive value of bone turnover markers and thyroid indicators for bone metabolism in GD patients after treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between bone turnover markers (BTMs) and thyroid indicators in Graves' disease (GD) and to further assess predictive value of changes in early stage retrospectively. Methods: We studied 435 patients with GD and 113 healthy physical examiners retrospectively and followed up these two groups of patients after 6 months. We investigated the correlations between BTMs and other 15 observed factors, and analyzed the predictive value of FT3 and FT4 before and after treatment (FT3-P/FT3-A, FT4-P/FT4-A) on whether BTMs recovered. Results: The levels of thyroid hormones and BTMs in GD group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05) and decreased after 6 months of treatment. FT3, W, Ca and ALP were independent factors in predicting the elevation of OST. Duration of disease, FT3, TSH and ALP were independent factors in predicting the elevation of P1NP. Age, duration of disease, TRAb and ALP were independent factors in predicting the elevation of CTX-1. The AUC of FT3-P/FT3-A and FT4-P/FT4-A for predicting OST recovery were 0.748 and 0.705 (P < 0.05), respectively, and the cut-off values were 0.51 and 0.595. There was no predictive value for P1NP and CTX-1 recovery (P > 0.05). Conclusion: BTMs were abnormally elevated in GD and were significantly correlated with serum levels of FT3, FT4, TRAb, Ca, and ALP. FT3 decreased more than 51% and FT4 dropped more than 59.5% after 6 months of treatment were independent predictors for the recovery of BTMs in GD.

Photoinduced Decarboxylative Difluoroalkylation and Perfluoroalkylation of α-Fluoroacrylic Acids.

Herein, a novel and practical methodology for the photoinduced decarboxylative difluoroalkylation and perfluoroalkylation of α-fluoroacrylic acids is reported. A wide range of α-fluoroacrylic acids can be used as applicable feedstocks, allowing for rapid access to structurally important difluoroalkylated and polyfluoroalkylated monofluoroalkenes with high Z-stereoselectivity under mild conditions. The protocol demonstrates excellent functional group compatibility and provides a platform for modifying complex biologically active molecules.

Establishment and analytical performance of light-initiated chemiluminescence assay method for detecting thyrotropin receptor antibody.

Aim: To evaluate double-antibody competitive light-initiated chemiluminescence assay method for detecting the thyrotropin receptor antibody. Materials & methods: The optimal working concentrations of competitive antibody and rTSHR were confirmed by checkerboard titration. Assay performance was assessed by precision, linearity, accuracy, limit of blank and clinical evaluation. Results: The coefficient of variation for repeatability and intermediate precision was 3.9-5.9 and 0.9-1.3%, respectively. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 by least squares linear fitting in linearity evaluation. The relative deviation ranged from -5.9 to 4.1%, and the limit of blank of the method was 0.13 IU/l. Compared with the Roche cobas system (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany), the relationship between the two assays was shown to be significantly correlative. Conclusion: The light-initiated chemiluminescence assay method for detecting thyrotropin receptor antibody is a rapid, novel and accurate method for thyrotropin receptor antibody measurement.

Graves' disease is common in daily life. Patients often experience rapid heartbeat and weight loss. Blood tests (especially serum autoantibody levels) are meaningful in diagnosis and treatment. In this study, we used a new and useful approach to test blood markers. Compared with other methods, this new technique could perform better in terms of time and expense. Based on a full assessment, we believe that this new method will play an important role in clinical application.

Deep-Blue Electroluminescence from Phosphine-Stabilized Au3 Triangles and Au3 Ag Pyramids.

The optoelectronic applications of clusters emerged rapidly. Cluster light-emitting diodes (CLED) as representative hold promise as a new generation of displays and lightings. However, as one of the main challenges in electroluminescence (EL) field, until present, no deep-blue CLEDs were reported, due to the strict requirements on excited-state characteristics of clusters. Herein, two phosphine-stabilized Au3 triangle and Au3 Ag pyramid named [O(Audppy)3 ]BF4 and [O(Audppy)3 Ag](BF4 )2 were chosen to demonstrate efficient deep-blue CLEDs. The ligand-incorporated charge transfer transitions of the clusters contribute to both singlet and triplet excited states of the clusters, giving rise to phosphorescence at 460 nm and EL emissions at 436 nm. Based on device engineering, the maximum luminescence beyond 8000 nits and the chromatic coordinates with y <0.1 in deep-blue region verify the competence of CLEDs for high-resolution displays.