Development of the Static and Dynamic Gene Expression Regulation Toolkit in Pseudomonas chlororaphis.

The advancement of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology has promoted in-depth research on the nonmodel microbial metabolism, and the potential of nonmodel organisms in industrial biotechnology is becoming increasingly evident. The nonmodel organism Pseudomonas chlororaphis is a safe plant growth promoting bacterium for the production of phenazine compounds; however, its application is seriously hindered due to the lack of an effective gene expression precise regulation toolkit. In this study, we constructed a library of 108 promoter-5'-UTR (PUTR) and characterized them through fluorescent protein detection. Then, 6 PUTRs with stable low, intermediate, and high intensities were further characterized by report genes lacZ encoding ß-galactosidase from Escherichia coli K12 and phzO encoding PCA monooxygenase from P. chlororaphis GP72 and thus developed as a static gene expression regulation system. Furthermore, the stable and high-intensity expressed PMOK_RS0128085UTR was fused with the LacO operator to construct an IPTG-induced plasmid, and a self-induced plasmid was constructed employing the high-intensity PMOK_RS0116635UTR regulated by cell density, resulting in a dynamic gene expression regulation system. In summary, this study established two sets of static and dynamic regulatory systems for P. chlororaphis, providing an effective toolkit for fine-tuning gene expression and reprograming the metabolism flux.

Age-, season- and gender-specific reference intervals of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 for healthy children (0 ~ 18 years old) in Nanning area of China.

Establishing specific reference intervals (RIs) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] for children is essential for improving the accuracy of diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of diseases such as rickets and growth retardation. The study including 6,627 healthy children was conducted to establish specific RIs of 25(OH)D for children in Nanning area of China. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences among age, season, and gender of serum 25(OH)D levels, and the age-specific RIs of serum 25(OH)D were 20.3 ~ 53.6 ng/mL for 0 ~ ≤ 1 year and 18.9 ~ 49.6 ng/mL for 2 ~ ≤ 3 years. The age-, season-specific RIs of serum 25(OH)D for 4 ~ ≤ 6 years in spring-summer and autumn-winter were 15.8 ~ 42.6 ng/mL and 15.2 ~ 37.7 ng/mL, respectively. The age-, gender-specific RIs of serum 25(OH)D for 7 ~ ≤ 18 years for males and females were 12.1 ~ 36.1 ng/mL and 10.8 ~ 35.3 ng/mL, respectively. This study successfully established the RIs of serum 25(OH)D, which may help to improve disease diagnosis and monitoring for children in the Nanning area of China.

Clinical Study on Oral Use of Jiawei Puji Xiaodu Granules Combined with External Application of Xiaozhong Sanjie Ointment in the Treatment of Acute Tonsillitis in Children / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral use of Jiawei Puji Xiaodu Granules(mainly composed of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,Forsythiae Fructus,Taraxaci Herba,Violae Herba,Schizonepetae Herba,Arctii Fructus,Gleditsiae Spina,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Moutan Cortex,and Phragmitis Rhizoma)combined with external application of Xiaozhong Sanjie Ointment(mainly composed of Scutellariae Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex,and Gleditsiae Spina,etc.)in the treatment of acute tonsillitis in children,and to observe their effects on the immune function and related inflammatory indexes of the patients.Methods A total of 116 children with acute tonsillitis of heat stagnation in the lung and stomach type were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 58 cases in each group.The control group was treated with Cefixime Dispersible Tablets,while the observation group was treated with Jiawei Puji Xiaodu Granules for oral use and Xiaozhong Sanjie Ointment for external application.Both groups were treated for 14 days and then were followed-up for a period of 6 months.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,white blood cell(WBC)count,T lymphocyte subset CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels,and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),interleukin 6(IL-6)and C-reactive protein(CRP)in the two groups were observed before and after the treatment.Moreover,the clinical efficacy and time for the disappearance of clinical symptoms were compared between the two groups,and the occurrence of adverse reactions and the recurrence of tonsillitis in the two groups were monitored at the same time.Results(1)During the trial,there were 8 cases falling off in the control group but none case falling off in the observation group,and eventually 50 cases in the control group and 58 cases in the observation group completed the full course of treatment.(2)After 14 days of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 98.28%(57/58),while that of the control group was 90.00%(45/50).The intergroup(tested by rank sum test)showed that the clinical efficacy of the observation group was significantly superior to that of the control group(P＜0.05).(3)After treatment,the time for the disappearance of sore throat,time for the disappearance of purulent spots,time for subsiding fever and time for the tonsils recovering to normal in the observation group were all significantly shorter than those in the control group(P＜0.05).(4)After treatment,the scores of primary and secondary symptoms and the overall symptom scores in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the reduction of the scores in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(5)After treatment,the levels of T lymphocyte subset CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the two groups were significantly higher(P＜0.05)while the level of CD8 + was significantly lower(P＜0.05)than those before treatment,and the increase in the levels of CD3+,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ and the reduction of the CD8+ level of the observation group were significantly superior to those of the control group(P＜0.05).(6)After treatment,the levels of WBC,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and CRP in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the reduction in the observation group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.05).(7)During the treatment period,no skin allergy,nausea,vomiting or other gastrointestinal adverse reactions occurred in the two groups,which showed a high degree of safety.(8)The 6-month follow-up showed that the recurrence rate of tonsillitis in the observation group was 5.17%(3/58),which was significantly lower than that of 24.00%(12/50)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 8.330,P＜0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of Jiawei Puji Xiaodu Granules combined with Xiaozhong Sanjie Ointment exert notable curative effect for children with acute tonsillitis of heat stagnation in the lung and stomach type.The combined therapy can significantly shorten the duration of the disease,improve the clinical symptoms of the children and effectively reduce the recurrence rate of tonsillitis.The therapeutic mechanism may be related to the enhancement of the immune function and the inhibition of inflammatory response.

Expert consensus on the evaluation and management of dysphagia after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery / 实用口腔医学杂志

Surgical operation is the main treatment of oral and maxillofacial tumors.Dysphagia is a common postoperative complication.Swal-lowing disorder can not only lead to mis-aspiration,malnutrition,aspiration pneumonia and other serious consequences,but also may cause psychological problems and social communication barriers,affecting the quality of life of the patients.At present,there is no systematic evalua-tion and rehabilitation management plan for the problem of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in China.Combining the characteristics of postoperative swallowing disorder in patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors,summarizing the clinical experience of ex-perts in the field of tumor and rehabilitation,reviewing and summarizing relevant literature at home and abroad,and through joint discussion and modification,a group of national experts reached this consensus including the core contents of the screening of swallowing disorders,the phased assessment of prognosis and complications,and the implementation plan of comprehensive management such as nutrition management,respiratory management,swallowing function recovery,psychology and nursing during rehabilitation treatment,in order to improve the evalua-tion and rehabilitation of swallowing disorder after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery in clinic.

Expert consensus on cryoablation therapy of oral mucosal melanoma / 实用口腔医学杂志

Cryoablation therapy with explicit anti-tumor mechanisms and histopathological manifestations has a long history.A large number of clinical practice has shown that cryoablation therapy is safe and effective,making it an ideal tumor treatment method in theory.Previously,its efficacy and clinical application were constrained by the limitations of refrigerants and refrigeration equipment.With the development of the new generation of cryoablation equipment represented by argon helium knives,significant progress has been made in refrigeration efficien-cy,ablation range,and precise temperature measurement,greatly promoting the progression of tumor cryoablation technology.This consensus systematically summarizes the mechanism of cryoablation technology,indications for oral mucosal melanoma(OMM)cryotherapy,clinical treatment process,adverse reactions and management,cryotherapy combination therapy,etc.,aiming to provide reference for carrying out the standardized cryoablation therapy of OMM.

Study on the mechanism of Yiqi Yangyin decoction in the treatment of Postoperative thyroid Cancer based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To explore the mechanism of Yiqi Yangyin decoction in the treatment of thyroid cancer by means of network pharmacology and molecular docking technique.Meth-ods:the chemical constituents of 10 kinds of Yiqi Yangyin decoction were searched by HERB database,the active components were screened by PubChem and SwissADNE,and the action targets of active components were predicted by Swisstargetprediction.The disease targets after operation of thyroid cancer were obtained by searching the databases of GeneCards,OMIM,Dis-GeNET and DrugBank.The intersection target of drug and disease was obtained by Venny2.1.0 platform,the intersection target protein interaction network was constructed by String database,and the core target protein was screened by Cytoscape3.9.1,the drug-active ingredient-target network map was constructed by Cytoscape3.9.1,and the key active components were obtained;the enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG was carried out using Metascape database;and the molecular docking verification of key targets and key components was carried out.Results:157active components of Yiqi Yangyin decoction were obtained,and 507targets of active compo-nents were predicted,1817 targets of thyroid cancer-related diseases and 154targets of drug-disease intersection were obtained.The key target genes of SRC,HSP90AA1,PIK3R1,PIK3CA and AKT1 were obtained by PPI analysis.Quercetin,kaempferol and luteolin were the key active components.Molecular docking showed that the key targets and key active components had good affinity.KEGG enrichment analysis showed that cancer pathway,PI3K-Akt pathway and HIF-1 pathway were the key pathways of drug action.Conclusion:Yiqi Yangyin decoction can play a therapeutic role in anti-inflammation,anti-tumor and improving tissue microenvironment with multi-components,multi-targets and multi-pathways.

Application of digital 3D printed model combined with case-based learning in practice teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the application effect of the combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference in case-based learning (CBL) teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery.Methods:A total of 80 undergraduates in the classes of 2015 and 2016 were selected from School of Stomatology, Qingdao University. The students in the class of 2015 received traditional teaching, and those in the class of 2016 received the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference. A questionnaire survey was used to evaluate the teaching effect, and theoretical examination was used to assess comprehensive abilities of the two groups. SPSS 24.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and the t-test. Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of satisfaction with teaching between the combined CBL teaching model of 3D printed model and Tencent conference and the traditional teaching model ( P>0.05), and both models were generally recognized and accepted by students. The experimental group had a significantly higher score than the control group (94.05±4.16 vs. 86.10±3.37, P<0.05). Conclusion:The combined teaching model of digital 3D printed model and Tencent conference integrates the advantages of the Internet and digital information and thus provides a certain reference for the teaching methods for other majors in stomatology.

Analysis of the relationship between PI-RADS scores and the pathological results of targeted biopsy based on MRI / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To analyze the relationship between Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores and the pathological results of transperineal magnetic resonance-ultrasound fusion guided biopsy. Methods: The clinical data, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results and prostate puncture biopsies of 517 patients who were assigned to PI-RADS score of 4 or 5 and underwent transperineal magnetic resonance-ultrasound fusion guided biopsy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the PI-RADS 4 and PI-RADS 5 groups according to their PI-RADS scores and were stratified by their prostate specific antigen (PSA) values (PSA<10 ng/ml vs. PSA 10-20 ng/ml). The pathological negative rates from the biopsy, the distribution of the grade groups according to the grading system by World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP), the detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa)between the groups were compared. Results: 369 patients with a PI-RADS score of 4 and 148 patients with a PI-RADS score of 5 were included in our research. The overall detection rates of PCa and CsPCa were 77.8% (402/517) and 66.7% (345/517), respectively. In the PI-RADS 4 group, patients with prostate negative biopsies or in WHO/ISUP 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 grade groups accounted for 28.2%, 12.7%, 20.1%, 17.1%, 18.4% and 3.5%, respectively, whereas in the PI-RADS 5 group the rates were 7.4%, 6.8%, 22.3%, 22.3%, 26.4%, and 14.9%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group [71.8% (265/369) vs. 59.1% (218/369), P<0.001] were lower than those of the PI-RADS 5 group [92.6% (137/148) vs. 85.8% (127/148), P<0.001]. In the PI-RADS 4 group, the proportion of patients classified into WHO/ISUP 4-5 grade groups was lower than that of patients in the PI-RADS 5 group [22.0% (81/369) vs 41.2% (61/148) (P<0.001)]. The detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PSA<10 ng/ml stratification were less than that in the PSA 10-20 ng/ml stratification[74.1% (281/379) vs. 87.7% (121/138), P=0.001], and [60.9% (231/379) vs. 82.6% (114/138), P<0.001]. For patients with PSA<10 ng/ml, the detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS5 group [70.9% (217/306) vs. 87.7% (64/73), P=0.003], and [56.2% (172/306) vs. 80.8% (59/73), P<0.001]. For those with a PSA value of 10-20 ng/ml, the detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS 5 group [76.2% (48/63) vs. 97.3% (73/75), P<0.001], and [73.0% (46/63) vs. 90.7% (68/75), P=0.006]. There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients with prostate negative biopsy and those falling into WHO/ISUP grade groups 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 (P<0.001) between the PI-RADS 4 group and the PI-RADS 5 group in both stratifications. Conclusions: In this study, the detection rates of CsPCa and PCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS 5 group. With the increase of PI-RADS scores, the detection rate of high-grade PCa increased. The same results held for patients with PSA<10 ng/ml or with PSA 10-20 ng/ml.

Analysis of the relationship between PI-RADS scores and the pathological results of targeted biopsy based on MRI / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To analyze the relationship between Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scores and the pathological results of transperineal magnetic resonance-ultrasound fusion guided biopsy. Methods: The clinical data, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results and prostate puncture biopsies of 517 patients who were assigned to PI-RADS score of 4 or 5 and underwent transperineal magnetic resonance-ultrasound fusion guided biopsy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from June 2019 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the PI-RADS 4 and PI-RADS 5 groups according to their PI-RADS scores and were stratified by their prostate specific antigen (PSA) values (PSA<10 ng/ml vs. PSA 10-20 ng/ml). The pathological negative rates from the biopsy, the distribution of the grade groups according to the grading system by World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP), the detection rates of prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa)between the groups were compared. Results: 369 patients with a PI-RADS score of 4 and 148 patients with a PI-RADS score of 5 were included in our research. The overall detection rates of PCa and CsPCa were 77.8% (402/517) and 66.7% (345/517), respectively. In the PI-RADS 4 group, patients with prostate negative biopsies or in WHO/ISUP 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 grade groups accounted for 28.2%, 12.7%, 20.1%, 17.1%, 18.4% and 3.5%, respectively, whereas in the PI-RADS 5 group the rates were 7.4%, 6.8%, 22.3%, 22.3%, 26.4%, and 14.9%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group [71.8% (265/369) vs. 59.1% (218/369), P<0.001] were lower than those of the PI-RADS 5 group [92.6% (137/148) vs. 85.8% (127/148), P<0.001]. In the PI-RADS 4 group, the proportion of patients classified into WHO/ISUP 4-5 grade groups was lower than that of patients in the PI-RADS 5 group [22.0% (81/369) vs 41.2% (61/148) (P<0.001)]. The detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PSA<10 ng/ml stratification were less than that in the PSA 10-20 ng/ml stratification[74.1% (281/379) vs. 87.7% (121/138), P=0.001], and [60.9% (231/379) vs. 82.6% (114/138), P<0.001]. For patients with PSA<10 ng/ml, the detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS5 group [70.9% (217/306) vs. 87.7% (64/73), P=0.003], and [56.2% (172/306) vs. 80.8% (59/73), P<0.001]. For those with a PSA value of 10-20 ng/ml, the detection rates of PCa and CsPCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS 5 group [76.2% (48/63) vs. 97.3% (73/75), P<0.001], and [73.0% (46/63) vs. 90.7% (68/75), P=0.006]. There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of patients with prostate negative biopsy and those falling into WHO/ISUP grade groups 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 (P<0.001) between the PI-RADS 4 group and the PI-RADS 5 group in both stratifications. Conclusions: In this study, the detection rates of CsPCa and PCa in the PI-RADS 4 group were less than those in the PI-RADS 5 group. With the increase of PI-RADS scores, the detection rate of high-grade PCa increased. The same results held for patients with PSA<10 ng/ml or with PSA 10-20 ng/ml.

Correlation between HBV-DNA levels, SOAT1 expression and differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To investigate the correlation between HBV-DNA level, sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT1) expression and tumor differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods　The clinical and HBV-DNA level data from 58 cases of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma were collected, and the cancer tissues and their paired paracancerous tissues were collected to detect SOAT1 expression by immunohistochemistry and evaluate tumor differentiation. Correlation was statistically analyzed using chi-square tests. Results　The high-level rate of HBV-DNA in the SOAT1 high expression group was 81.1% (30/37) compared to 19.1% (4/21) of the SOAT1 low expression group, with statistical significance, and there was also a correlation between SOAT1 expression and HBV-DNA levels (χ2=21.253,P<0.05). In the low differentiation hepatocellular carcinoma group, the rate of HBV-DNA high levels was 71.1% (27/38), while it was 35.0% (7/20) in the well-moderate differentiation group, with statistical significance. There was also a significant correlation between HBV-DNA levels and tumor differentiation degree (χ2=7.021,P<0.05). The overall positive rate of SOAT1 expression in all collected cases was 63.8% (37/58), with no expression (0/58) detected in all paired paracancerous tissues, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Furthermore, the expression level of SOAT1 protein in cancer tissues was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation (χ2=19.889,P<0.05). SOAT1 was generally highly expressed in the low differentiated case group, with a positive rate of 84.2% (32/38), while SOAT1 was generally low expression or no expression in HCC samples with a higher degree of differentiation, with only a few samples exhibiting high expression, with a high expression rate of 25.0% (5/20). Conclusions　There is a correlation between HBV-DNA levels and hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation degree, with higher levels of HBV-DNA detected in low differentiation tumors. Additionally, the expression level of SOAT1 is also related to the degree of differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the expression level of SOAT1 in low differentiated carcinoma is also higher. Furthermore, there is a positive correlation between HBV-DNA levels and SOAT1 expression levels, and SOAT1 is a key enzyme involved in cellular lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that HBV infection may affect the function and level of SOAT1, which may interfere with hepatocyte lipid metabolism and participate in tumor genesis and evolution.

A Novel Lyophilized PRP-Loaded Gel Based on Chitosan and PEG with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Properties / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#A dynamic gel loaded with lyophilized platelet-rich plasma-chitosan/difunctionalized polyethylene glycol (LPRP-CP) was prepared to investigate its hemostatic antibacterial and promoting wound healing of scald wounds through in vitro and in vivo experiments.@*METHODS@#In this study, normal gauze/blank tablet (Ctrl), LPRP-CP, Chitosan HUCHUANG Powder(Chito P)and ChitoGauze XP PRO group (Chito G group) were set. The hemostatic effect and promoting healing effect of the four groups of materials were evaluated by establishing rabbit ear artery hemorrhage model and superficial Ⅱ° scalded model of skin on the back. The hemostatic time and bleeding amount were calculated and the gross and histological results of scald healing were observed. The antibacterial effect of the four groups of materials was evaluated by antibacterial test in vitro.@*RESULTS@#In the rabbit ear arterial hemorrhage model, the hemostasis of all materials was successful. The hemostatic time of Ctrl, Chito P, LPRP-CP and Chito G groups was 213.33±38.30, 118.33±24.01, 115.00±8.37 and 111.67±11.69 s, respectively. The blood loss was 1233.83±992.27, 346.67±176.00, 193.33±121.47 and 147.50±80.66 mg, respectively. Compared with Ctrl, the hemostasis time of LPRP-CP, Chito P and Chito G group was significantly shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of blood loss of LPRP-CP and Chito G group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with LPRP-CP, there were no significant differences in hemostatic time and blood loss between Chito P and Chito G group (P>0.05). In the model of superficial Ⅱ° scalded on the back of rabbit, the wound healing rate of LPRP-CP was faster than that of the other three groups at the same time, and the healing effect was perfect. In the antibacterial test in vitro, only LPRP-CP had better anti-S. aureus effect, and all groups had no anti-E. coli effect.@*CONCLUSION@#LPRP-CP is an excellent hemostatic material for superficial wounds, and has certain antibacterial and wound healing effects, which has a wide academic value and research prospects.

Preliminary Study on Screening and Identification of Lewis a Antigen Mimic Epitope in Alpaca Phage Display Nanobody Library / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a new method for synthesizing Lewis blood group antigens, that is, the mimotopes of Lewis blood group antigens were screened by using an alpaca phage display nanobody library.@*METHODS@#We selected mimotopes of the Lewis a (lea) antigen by affinity panning of an alpaca phage display nanobody library using a monoclonal anti-lea antibody. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the affinity of the positive clones for the monoclonal anti-lea antibody, and the high-affinity positive clones were selected for sequencing and synthesis. Finally, the sensitivity, specificity and reactivity of the synthesized lea mimotope in clinical samples were verified by ELISA.@*RESULTS@#A total of 96 phage clones were randomly selected, and 24 were positive. Fourteen positive clones with the highest affinity were selected for sequencing. The result showed that there were 5 different sequences, among which 3 sequences with the highest frequency, largest difference and highest affinity were selected for expression and synthesis. The sensitivity and specificity of lea mimic antigen by ELISA showed that, the minimum detection limit of gel microcolumn assay (GMA) and ELISA method were 25 times different, and the lea mimic antigen had no cross reacted with the other five unrelated monoclonal antibodies(P<0.001). Finally, 30 clinical plasma samples were analyzed. The mean absorbance of the 15 positive plasma samples was significantly higher than that of the 15 negative plasma samples (P=0.02). However, the positive signal values of the clinical samples were much lower than those of the monoclonal antibodies.@*CONCLUSION@#A new method of screening lea mimic antigen by using alpaca phage nanoantibody library has been established, which is expected to realize the screening of lea mimotopes, thus realizing the application of high-sensitivity detection methods such as ELISA and chemiluminescence in blood group antibody identification.

Therapeutic Principles and Medication Regularity of Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Urolithiasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the therapeutic principles and medication regularity of Chinese medicine for the treatment of urolithiasis based on data mining and literature research. Method:Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） was searched for the clinical research papers on Chinese medicinal compounds for the treatment of urolithiasis published from database inception to November 10，2020. Therapeutic methods and Chinese medicinal compounds were extracted from the included papers，and the frequencies of therapeutic methods and the drugs in the Chinese medicinal compounds，as well as the efficacies were analyzed. The medication regularity of high-frequency drugs was explored by association rule analysis and cluster analysis. Result:A total of 247 papers and 247 Chinese medicinal compounds were included，and 209 drugs were involved. Those with high frequencies included Lysimachiae Herba，Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，Lygodii Spora，Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix，Pyrrosiae Folium，Plantaginis Semen，and Talcum. The drugs with the highest frequency were effective in promoting urination，draining dampness，and activating blood to resolve stasis，followed by those in tonifying deficiency，regulating Qi，and purgation. Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma，and Succinum were used as specialized drugs targeting the syndrome. Association rule analysis showed that Lysimachiae Herba，Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum，and Lygodii Spora were commonly used in pairwise or ternary combination，followed by the pairwise combinations of Lysimachiae Herba with Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix，Pyrrosiae Folium，and Plantaginis Semen. High-frequency drugs were clustered into four categories by clustering analysis. Thirty-one therapeutic principles were employed in the 247 Chinese medicinal compounds. The ones with the highest frequency were clearing heat and eliminating dampness，resolving stasis and promoting urination，and tonifying kidney and replenishing qi. Conclusion:For the treatment of urolithiasis，promoting urination and draining dampness is the core therapeutic principle，and activating blood to resolve stasis is the important therapeutic principle，while tonifying is the potential therapeutic principle. The medication for urolithiasis is featured by specialized drugs targeting the syndrome.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Late Onset Hyponatremia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:The Meta-analysis was used to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating Late onset hyponatremia （late onset hyponatremia，LOH）. Method:Pubmed，Web of Science，China Knowledge Base Database （CNKI），Wanfang Database （WanFang），Weipu Full-text Periodical Database（VIP），Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM）were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） for treatment of LOH. Two researchers independently screened out the literatures， extracted the data， conducted quality assessment by Cochrance bias risk assessment tool，and made Meta-analysis by RevMan 5.3.5 software. Result:Nine eligible documents were finally included. Meta-analysis results showed that the test group was superior to the control group in improving patient's physical fitness/cardiovascular score ［mean deviation（MD）=-1.42，95% CI（-2.39，-0.45），<italic>P</italic>=0.004］ and psycho-psychological score［MD=-0.74，95% CI（-1.26，-0.22），<italic>P</italic>=0.005］，with no statistically significant difference between test group and control group in sexual function score ［MD=-0.68，95% CI（-1.38，-0.03），<italic>P</italic>=0.06］，serum testosterone （TT） concentration［MD=-0.68，95% CI（-1.38，-0.03），<italic>P</italic>=0.06］ and effective rate ［odds ratio（OR）=1.57，95% CI（0.64，3.88），<italic>P</italic>=0.33］. Conclusion:TCM is equivalent to western medicine（testosterone undecanoate）in the treatment of late onset hypogonadism， and better than western medicine in improving patients' physical fitness/cardiovascular score and mental and psychological score.

Anti-cancer Mechanism of "Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix" Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the potential targets and mechanism of action of "Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix" based on network pharmacology. Method:Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Analysis Platform（TCMSP） was used to screen out active ingredients and corresponding target proteins of Clematis Radix et Rhizoma and Trichosanthis Radix according to oral bioavailability（OB） and drug likeness（DL），cancer disease targets were screened out using GeneCards and OMIM databases，R language software was used to screen out common targets of clematis，trichosanthin and cancer diseases， Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a network map of "drug-active ingredient-disease-target"， STRING database was used to draw protein protein interaction（PPI）of common target proteins， R language software was used to perform enrichment analysis of gene ontology（GO） functions and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） channels on effective targets. Result:A total of 9 effective active ingredients were obtained from Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix powder pair. A total of 31 target genes were searched，and 814 relevant target genes were searched from cancer diseases. The two kinds of relevant target genes were matched to obtain 9 common target genes，which mainly involved endopeptidase，cysteine-type endopeptidase activities involving in the apoptosis process and cancer necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding and other biological processes，and played a role in the treatment of cancers by regulating apoptosis，measles，hepatitis B，kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection，p53，interleukin-17（IL-17），tumor necrosis factor（TNF） and many other pathways. Conclusion:The mechanism of Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix in the treatment of cancer is preliminarily studied. Clematis Radix et Rhizoma-Trichosanthis Radix has multiple active ingredients and can play a role in treating cancer through multiple targets and multiple pathways.

Review of historical evaluation and modern application of Chinese materia medica fumigation in prevention of epidemic disease / 中草药

The fumigation of Chinese herbal medicines, such as Artemisiae Argyi Folium, Atractylodis Rhizoma, and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, is one of the creations of ancient Chinese medical practitioners during the struggle against the disease for thousands of years. Researches have showed the application of fumigation of Chinese medicinal materials in clinical practice, and there are clear pharmacological studies to prove its related effective ingredients. Therefore, we review the historical evolution and modern application progress of Chinese materia medica fumigation. In the light of the infectious features of COVID-19 including air droplet transmission and even possible aerosol transmission, the corresponding Chinese herbal medicine fumigation should be recommended and used in hospitals, communities, and families, which is expected to play an important role in fighting disease infections.

Inhibition of chemotherapy-related breast tumor EMT by application of redox-sensitive siRNA delivery system CSO-ss-SA/siRNA along with doxorubicin treatment / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Metastasis is one of the main reasons causing death in cancer patients. It was reported that chemotherapy might induce metastasis. In order to uncover the mechanism of chemotherapy-induced metastasis and find solutions to inhibit treatment-induced metastasis, the relationship between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and doxorubicin (DOX) treatment was investigated and a redox-sensitive small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery system was designed. DOX-related reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be responsible for the invasiveness of tumor cells in vitro, causing enhanced EMT and cytoskeleton reconstruction regulated by Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1). In order to decrease RAC1, a redox-sensitive glycolipid drug delivery system (chitosan-ss-stearylamine conjugate (CSO-ss-SA)) was designed to carry siRNA, forming a gene delivery system (CSO-ss-SA/siRNA) downregulating RAC1. CSO-ss-SA/siRNA exhibited an enhanced redox sensitivity compared to nonresponsive complexes in 10 mmol/L glutathione (GSH) and showed a significant safety. CSO-ss-SA/siRNA could effectively transmit siRNA into tumor cells, reducing the expression of RAC1 protein by 38.2% and decreasing the number of tumor-induced invasion cells by 42.5%. When combined with DOX, CSO-ss-SA/siRNA remarkably inhibited the chemotherapy-induced EMT in vivo and enhanced therapeutic efficiency. The present study indicates that RAC1 protein is a key regulator of chemotherapy-induced EMT and CSO-ss-SA/siRNA silencing RAC1 could efficiently decrease the tumor metastasis risk after chemotherapy.

Multidisciplinary team model for patients with oral cancer and systemic diseases: an expert consensus / 华西口腔医学杂志

Large general hospitals currently play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment for acute critical patients and difficult diseases because of the development of dual referral system and hierarchical diagnosis, as well as the formation of medical treatment alliance. Patients with oral cancers are often associated with systemic diseases, which increases the complexity of the condition. Thus, meeting the demand through the traditional single medical model is difficult. As such, a multidisciplinary team (MDT) model has been proposed and has achieved a good clinical effect. To standardize the application of this model, we organized an event in which relevant experts discussed and formulated a consensus to provide standardized suggestions on the MDT process and the diagnosis and treatment of common systemic diseases as reference for clinical practice.

Network Pharmacology Research of Wuzi Yanzongwan in Treatment of Male Infertility / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:Exploring the material basis and mechanism of Wuzi Yanzongwan in the treatment of male infertility based on network pharmacology. Method:Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP) was used to screen the active ingredients and targets in Wuzi Yanzongwan. GeneCards, OMIM and PharmGkb databases were used to screen the targets of male infertility. R language software was used to screen common targets of drugs and diseases, Pharmaceutical active ingredients-disease target interaction network was constructed by using Cytoscape software. The common target protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed by STRING platform, the gene ontology(GO) analysis of common target was analyzed by ClueGo plug-in, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG) pathway was enriched by R language software. Result:A total of 72 active ingredients were obtained from Wuzi Yanzongwan, and 35 possible targets for the treatment of male infertility were obtained. These targets are mainly involved in biological processes such as oxidation and antioxidant activity, and are mainly concentrated in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt) and hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathways. Conclusion:The network pharmacology confirmed the multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway action characteristics of Wuzi Yanzongwan, predicted the possible mechanism of Wuzi Yanzongwan in the treatment of male infertility, and provided theoretical basis for further study of its active ingredients and mechanism.

Study on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 and its effect on prognosis in fat embolism mice model / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in the pathological injury in fat embolism mice model. Methods · One hundred and twenty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 10 groups. One group was set as blank control group, and others were injected separately with 1, 2…9 μL/g of allogeneic perirenal fat via tail vein, respectively. The mortality of each group was counted, median lethal dose (LD50) of fat injection in mice was calculated by Bliss method, and the fat embolism LD50 mice model was established. The TLR4 protein expression in the pulmonary tissue of surviving mice was detected by Western blotting. Sixty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control group (the same dose of saline was given via tail vein) and the experimental groups (group 2 h, group 8 h, group 24 h and group 48 h, the LD50 fat was given via tail vein).The TLR4 protein expression at different time after fat injection was detected by Western blotting. The mortality of 20 TLR4 gene-knockout mice (TLR4-/-mice) was recorded and compared with 60 wild-type mice after LD50 fat injection. Results · The LD50 of fat embolism mice model was (3.93±0.78) μL/g.After the injection of 1-7 μL/g fat, the expressions of TLR4 protein in the pulmonary tissue of all seven groups were significantly increased, compared with the control group (all P=0.000). In the fat embolism LD50 mice model, compared with the control group, the expressions of TLR4 protein in group2 h were significantly increased (P=0.005). Then, expression level of TLR4 protein was gradually reduced after 2 h, and there was no significant difference between the control group and group 48 h. The mortality of TLR4-/- mice injected with LD50 fat was lower than that of wild-type mice (P=0.043).Conclusion · TLR4 protein involves in the pathologic process of fat embolism syndrome. The knockout of TLR4 gene can reduce the mortality of fat embolism mice. TLR4 and its correlated non-infectious inflammatory response may be an important molecular mechanism of biochemical injury in fat embolism syndrome. Blocking the activation of TLR4-mediated signaling pathway can significantly improve the prognosis, which provides new basis for the prevention, evaluation and treatment of fat embolism syndrome.