A Novel Ultrafiltrate Extract of Propolis Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity through Metabolic Rewiring.

Thousands of years ago, humans started to use propolis because of its medicinal properties, and modern science has successfully identified several bioactive molecules within this resinous bee product. However, a natural propolis extract which has been removed the adhesive glue and preserved propolis bioactive compounds is urgently needed to maximise the therapeutic opportunities. In this study, a novel ultrafiltrate fraction from Brazilian green propolis, termed P30K, was demonstrated with anti-inflammatory properties, both in vitro and in vivo. Total flavonoids and total phenolic acids content in P30K were 244.6 mg/g and 275.8 mg/g respectively, while the IC50 value of inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was 8.30 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity of P30K was furtherly corroborated in experimental models of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute liver and lung injury. Mechanistically, integrated GC-MS and LC-MS based serum metabolomics analysis revealed that P30K modulated citrate cycle (TCA), pyruvate, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways to inhibit secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Results of network pharmacology and molecular docking suggested that P30K targeted catechol-O-methyltransferases (COMT), 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD11B1), and monoamine oxidases (MAOA and MAOB) to promote cellular metabolomic rewiring. Collectively, our work reveals P30K as an efficient therapeutic agent against inflammatory conditions and its efficacy is related to metabolic rewiring.

Effects of high-intensity interval training on physical fitness and body composition of obese college students / Efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sobre a aptidão física e composição corporal de estudantes universitários obesos / Efectos del entrenamiento por intervalos de alta intensidad sobre la aptitud física y la composición corporal de estudiantes universitarios obesos

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maintaining body composition and physical fitness is important for the well-being of college students. Recent data indicate an increase in obesity among young college students and new techniques have been studied to control this situation. Among the current resources is high-intensity interval training. Objective: Explore the effects of high-intensity interval training on physical fitness and body control in obese male college students. Methods: The experimental control involved 100 obese male college students, divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in a high-intensity interval training protocol while the control group performed general aerobic training. Data before and after the experiment, which lasted 12 weeks, were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The conditions of male college students in the experimental group were statistically improved, and the fitness index changed expressively. The sitting forward bending increased from 5.91±5.16 to 9.47±5.27, the standing balance index with eyes closed increased from 5.87±5.58 to 10.47±6.08, the long jump index went from 1.96±0.15 to 2.14±0.21, in the supine sitting position it went from 19.97±8.46 to 31.24±9.42, and the running time in 50 meters was reduced from 9.61±1.53 to 8.53±1.25 s. Conclusion: High-intensity interval training positively impacted both physical fitness and body composition in obese college students. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A manutenção da composição corporal e aptidão física são importantes para o bem estar dos estudantes universitários. Dados recentes apontam um aumento da obesidade entre os jovens universitários e novas técnicas são estudas para o controle dessa situação, entre os recursos atuais destaca-se o treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade. Objetivo: Explorar os efeitos do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade sobre a aptidão física e o controle corporal de estudantes universitários masculino obesos. Métodos: O controle experimental envolveu 100 estudantes universitários masculinos obesos, divididos em grupo experimental e controle. O grupo experimental participou de um protocolo de treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade enquanto o grupo de controle efetuou o treino aeróbico geral. Dados prévios e posteriores ao experimento, que durou 12 semanas, foram coletados e analisados estatisticamente. Resultados: As condições dos estudantes universitários masculinos no grupo experimental foram estatisticamente aprimoradas, o índice de aptidão física alterou-se expressivamente. A flexão sentada para frente elevou-se de 5,91±5,16 para 9,47±5,27, o índice equilíbrio de pé com os olhos fechados subiu de 5,87±5,58 para 10,47±6,08, o índice do salto à distância foi de 1,96±0,15 para 2,14±0,21, na posição sentada supina foi de 19,97±8,46 para 31,24±9,42, e o tempo de corrida em 50 metros foi reduzido de 9,61±1,53 para 8,53±1,25 s. Conclusão: O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade demonstrou um impacto positivo tanto na aptidão física quanto na composição corporal dos estudantes universitários obesos. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El mantenimiento de la composición corporal y la aptitud física son importantes para el bienestar de los estudiantes universitarios. Datos recientes indican un aumento de la obesidad entre los universitarios y se están estudiando nuevas técnicas para controlar esta situación, entre los recursos actuales se destaca el entrenamiento por intervalos de alta intensidad. Objetivo: Explorar los efectos del entrenamiento interválico de alta intensidad sobre la condición física y el control corporal de estudiantes universitarios obesos de sexo masculino. Métodos: En el control experimental participaron 100 estudiantes universitarios varones obesos, divididos en grupo experimental y grupo control. El grupo experimental participó en un protocolo de entrenamiento por intervalos de alta intensidad, mientras que el grupo de control realizó un entrenamiento aeróbico general. Se recogieron datos antes y después del experimento, que duró 12 semanas, y se analizaron estadísticamente. Resultados: Las condiciones de los estudiantes universitarios varones del grupo experimental mejoraron estadísticamente, el índice de aptitud física cambió de forma expresiva. La flexión hacia delante sentado aumentó de 5,91±5,16 a 9,47±5,27, el índice de equilibrio de pie con los ojos cerrados aumentó de 5,87±5,58 a 10,47±6,08, el índice de salto de longitud pasó de 1,96±0,15 a 2,14±0,21, en posición sentada supina pasó de 19,97±8,46 a 31,24±9,42, y el tiempo de carrera en 50 metros se redujo de 9,61±1,53 a 8,53±1,25 s. Conclusión: El entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad demostró un impacto positivo tanto en la forma física como en la composición corporal en estudiantes universitarios obesos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Aerobic capacity-based fitness training in cheerleaders / Treino de aptidão física baseado na capacidade aeróbica em animadoras de torcida / Entrenamiento de aptitud física basado en la capacidad aeróbica en animadoras

ABSTRACT Introduction: The popularity of the sport, of cheerleading has become increasingly relevant although scientific knowledge and specific fitness training programs still lack formal research. Objective: Establish a scientific fitness training system based on aerobic capacity by exercise oxygen consumption in cheerleaders. Methods: Female college students in the final-year College of Physical Education cheerleading club were randomly divided into groups for training experiment at 60% and 80% aerobic capacity. The maximum oxygen consumption of the volunteers determined the trial standard. The experiment lasted 6 weeks, with 60-minute interventions three times a week. The results of the fitness tests performed before and after the intervention were statistically analyzed and discussed. Results: Exercise at an index of 80% VO2max demonstrated a better ability to improve overall fitness. Still, some deviations were observed regarding improved physical quality in cheerleaders. Conclusion: The scientific system of physical training can be established, demonstrating that fitness training based on aerobic capacity in cheerleaders can effectively improve physical training, especially with the index at 80% VO2max. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A popularidade do esporte de animação de torcida tem se tornado cada vez mais relevante embora o conhecimento científico e os programas de treinamento específicos de aptidão física ainda careçam de pesquisas formais. Objetivo: Estabelecer um sistema científico de treinamento de aptidão física baseado na capacidade aeróbica pelo consumo de oxigênio do exercício nas animadoras de torcida. Métodos: As alunas universitárias do clube de animadoras de torcida do Colégio de Educação Física do último ano de faculdade foram divididas aleatoriamente em grupos para experimento de treino em 60% e 80% de capacidade aeróbica. O consumo máximo de oxigênio das voluntárias determinou o padrão de julgamento. O experimento durou 6 semanas, com intervenções de 60 minutos, três vezes por semana. Os resultados dos testes de aptidão física efetuados antes e após a intervenção foram analisados estatisticamente e discutidos. Resultados: O exercício com índice de 80% VO2max demonstrou uma melhor capacidade para aprimorar a aptidão física geral. Ainda assim, foram observados alguns desvios em termos de melhoria da qualidade física nas animadoras de torcida. Conclusão: O sistema científico de treinamento físico pode ser estabelecido, demonstrando que o treino de aptidão física baseado na capacidade aeróbica das animadoras de torcida pode efetivamente melhorar o treinamento físico, principalmente com o índice a 80% VO2max. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La popularidad del deporte de las animadoras ha adquirido cada vez más relevancia, aunque los conocimientos científicos y los programas específicos de entrenamiento físico aún carecen de investigación formal. Objetivo: Establecer un sistema científico de entrenamiento físico basado en la capacidad aeróbica mediante el consumo de oxígeno del ejercicio en animadoras. Métodos: Estudiantes universitarias del club de animadoras de la Facultad de Educación Física en su último año de universidad fueron divididas aleatoriamente en grupos para el experimento de entrenamiento al 60% y 80% de capacidad aeróbica. El consumo máximo de oxígeno de los voluntarios determinó la norma del ensayo. El experimento duró 6 semanas, con intervenciones de 60 minutos tres veces por semana. Se analizaron y discutieron estadísticamente los resultados de las pruebas de aptitud física realizadas antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: El ejercicio con un índice del 80% del VO2máx demostró una mayor capacidad para mejorar la aptitud física general. Aun así, se observaron algunas desviaciones en cuanto a la mejora de la calidad física de las animadoras. Conclusión: Se puede establecer el sistema científico de entrenamiento físico, demostrando que el entrenamiento físico basado en la capacidad aeróbica en animadoras puede mejorar eficazmente el entrenamiento físico, especialmente con el índice al 80% del VO2máx. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Grafting Molecular Cobalt-oxo Cubane Catalyst on Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Efficient Photocatalytic Water Oxidation.

In this work, we have successfully constructed a cobalt-oxo (CoIII 4 O4 ) cubane complex on polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) through pyridine linkage. The covalently grafted CoIII 4 O4 cubane units were uniformly distributed on the PCN surface. The product exhibited greatly enhanced photocatalytic activities for water oxidation under visible-light irradiation. Further characterizations and spectroscopic analyses revealed that the grafted CoIII 4 O4 cubane units could effectively capture the photogenerated holes from excited PCN, lower the overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and serve as efficient catalysts to promote the multi-electron water oxidation process. This work provides new insight into the future development of efficient photocatalysts by grafting molecular catalysts for artificial photosynthesis.

A comparative study between Chinese propolis and Brazilian green propolis: metabolite profile and bioactivity.

Among different types, Chinese propolis (ChPs) and Brazilian green propolis (BrGPs) have been shown to contain multi-functional properties. Despite extensive research in the field, reports comparing propolis from different geographical areas are still limited, compromising our current understanding of the potential therapeutic effect associated with propolis and its derived compounds. Herein, a comparative study between ChPs and BrGPs including their metabolite profile and bioactivities was performed. Interestingly, even when ChPs and BrGPs showed similar anti-inflammatory potential, our results showed that they contained very different levels of ethanol extract, total flavonoids and total phenolic acids and in fact, LC-MS metabolic profiling and pattern recognition could effectively distinguish ChPs and BrGPs. Moreover, all the propolis samples tested showed good anti-oxidant activity and no significant difference of free radical scavenging capacity existed between ChPs and BrGPs. In conclusion, ChPs and BrGPs have a distinct chemome, but their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities are similar.

Effects of concentrated growth factors on the angiogenic properties of dental pulp cells and endothelial cells: an in vitro study.

The aim was to investigate the angiogenic effects of concentrated growth factors on human dental pulp cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cells were treated with concentrated growth factor extracts. The CCK-8 assay and cell cycle assay were conducted to evaluate cell growth. Cell migration was evaluated by the Transwell migration assay. Angiogenesis-associated mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. A tube formation assay was conducted to evaluate the angiogenic capacity in vitro. The data showed that compared with the control, concentrated growth factor extracts significantly promoted dental pulp cell proliferation and differentiation and endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Concentrated growth factor extracts also promoted the tube-like structure formation of endothelial cells in vitro. The RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that concentrated growth factor extracts upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes - chemokine receptor-4, platelet-derived growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor - in dental pulp cells. In conclusion, concentrated growth factors showed proangiogenic effects on dental pulp cells and endothelial cells and have good application potential for dental pulp revascularization.

Effects of concentrated growth factors on the angiogenic properties of dental pulp cells and endothelial cells: an in vitro study

Abstract The aim was to investigate the angiogenic effects of concentrated growth factors on human dental pulp cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cells were treated with concentrated growth factor extracts. The CCK-8 assay and cell cycle assay were conducted to evaluate cell growth. Cell migration was evaluated by the Transwell migration assay. Angiogenesis-associated mRNA and protein expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. A tube formation assay was conducted to evaluate the angiogenic capacity in vitro. The data showed that compared with the control, concentrated growth factor extracts significantly promoted dental pulp cell proliferation and differentiation and endothelial cell proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Concentrated growth factor extracts also promoted the tube-like structure formation of endothelial cells in vitro. The RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that concentrated growth factor extracts upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes - chemokine receptor-4, platelet-derived growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor - in dental pulp cells. In conclusion, concentrated growth factors showed proangiogenic effects on dental pulp cells and endothelial cells and have good application potential for dental pulp revascularization.