Factors associated with work ability among primary health care professionals: an integrative review.

The self-perception of the individual in relation to their health, work, and lifestyle is considered as work ability, a concept of various dimensions, characterizing a multidimensional and versatile construct, because it encompasses physical, mental, and social prerequisites. This study aims to identify the factors associated with work capacity among primary health care professionals. An integrative review was conducted from March to June 2020, following this eligibility criteria: studies in Portuguese, Spanish, and English; from 1996, available on PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and Cochrane databases; longitudinal studies, clinical trials, and crosssectional studies; among primary health care professionals; which used the Work Ability Index. Three articles were found, two in English and one in Portuguese. It was concluded that further studies should be conducted, with primary health care professionals, in order to propose measures that can reduce inadequate capacity rates and better understand the variables associated with work ability.

A autopercepção do indivíduo em relação à saúde, ao trabalho e ao estilo de vida é considerada como a capacidade para o trabalho, um conceito de várias dimensões, caracterizando um constructo multidimensional e versátil por englobar pré-condições físicas, mentais e sociais. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os fatores associados à capacidade para o trabalho entre profissionais de saúde da atenção primária. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa no período de março a junho de 2020, seguindo os critérios de elegibilidade: artigos em português, espanhol e inglês; trabalhos disponíveis a partir de 1996 nas bases PubMed, SciELO, LILACS e Cochrane; estudos longitudinais, ensaios clínicos e estudos transversais; artigos com profissionais da saúde da atenção primária; e trabalhos que usaram o índice de capacidade para o trabalho. Foram encontrados três artigos, sendo dois em inglês e um em português. Concluiu-se que novos estudos devem ser realizados, com profissionais da equipe da atenção primária, a fim de propor medidas que possam reduzir taxas de capacidade inadequadas e gerar mais conhecimento sobre as variáveis associadas à capacidade para o trabalho.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Chronic Occupational Low Back Pain among Healthcare Professionals Working at Hospitals: Exploratory Survey Study.

Objective This study aimed to describe the methodological process for developing a questionnaire to identify the prevalence and risk factors for chronic occupational low back pain in healthcare professionals working at hospitals. Method An exploratory crossectional survey study was carried out in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and its metropolitan region, in two stages. Initially, the authors prepared a questionnaire based on the Roland Morris disability questionnaire and sent it to a committee of low back pain specialists for validation using the Delphi technique. The second stage consisted of sending the final questionnaire to health professionals working in a hospital environment for at least 2 years and presenting chronic low back pain for at least 3 months. Results Validation occurred in two rounds of questionnaire adjustments by a panel consisting of physical therapists and physician experts in the field (orthopedists with more than 3 years of experience). Both rounds had 13 participants. The questionnaire initially consisted of 27 items, and, after validation, it had 19 items. The study included 65 subjects, with an average age of 40.91 years old and an average time working at a hospital of 40 hours per week. The total sample had 76.9% of physicians, 10.8% of physical therapists, and 12.3% of nurses or nursing technicians. Most (52.3%) subjects reported staying in uncomfortable positions affecting the lower back for 5 to 10 hours per day. Conclusion We developed and validated, using the Delphi technique, a questionnaire on the prevalence and risk factors associated with chronic occupational low back pain among healthcare professionals working at hospitals. This unprecedented tool can benefit the population studied since the questionnaires currently used to evaluate chronic low back pain are not specific for investigating the occupational cause of this condition.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Chronic Occupational Low Back Pain among Healthcare Professionals Working at Hospitals: Exploratory Survey Study / Prevalência e fatores de risco associados a dor lombar ocupacional crônica entre profissionais da área da saúde que atuam em nível hospitalar: Estudo exploratório

Abstract Objective This study aimed to describe the methodological process for developing a questionnaire to identify the prevalence and risk factors for chronic occupational low back pain in healthcare professionals working at hospitals. Method An exploratory crossectional survey study was carried out in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, and its metropolitan region, in two stages. Initially, the authors prepared a questionnaire based on the Roland Morris disability questionnaire and sent it to a committee of low back pain specialists for validation using the Delphi technique. The second stage consisted of sending the final questionnaire to health professionals working in a hospital environment for at least 2 years and presenting chronic low back pain for at least 3 months. Results Validation occurred in two rounds of questionnaire adjustments by a panel consisting of physical therapists and physician experts in the field (orthopedists with more than 3 years of experience). Both rounds had 13 participants. The questionnaire initially consisted of 27 items, and, after validation, it had 19 items. The study included 65 subjects, with an average age of 40.91 years old and an average time working at a hospital of 40 hours per week. The total sample had 76.9% of physicians, 10.8% of physical therapists, and 12.3% of nurses or nursing technicians. Most (52.3%) subjects reported staying in uncomfortable positions affecting the lower back for 5 to 10 hours per day. Conclusion We developed and validated, using the Delphi technique, a questionnaire on the prevalence and risk factors associated with chronic occupational low back pain among healthcare professionals working at hospitals. This unprecedented tool can benefit the population studied since the questionnaires currently used to evaluate chronic low back pain are not specific for investigating the occupational cause of this condition.

Resumo Objetivo Este estudo pretende descrever o processo metodológico para a elaboração de um questionário para identificar a prevalência e os fatores de risco associados à dor lombar ocupacional crônica nos profissionais da área da saúde que atuam em nível hospitalar. Método Foi realizado um estudo transversal exploratório do tipo questionário. O estudo foi realizado na cidade de Belo Horizonte e região metropolitana, em duas etapas. Inicialmente foi elaborado pelos autores um questionário baseado no questionário de deficiências Roland Morris e enviado a um comitê de especialistas em lombalgia para validação do mesmo através da técnica Delphi. A segunda etapa consistiu em enviar o questionário final a profissionais de saúde que atuam em ambiente hospitalar há pelo menos 2 anos e que tenham lombalgia crônica há pelo menos 3 meses. Resultados A validação foi realizada em duas rodadas de adequações do questionário, com painel composto por fisioterapeutas e médicos especialistas na área (ortopedistas com mais de 3 anos de atuação). Ambas as rodadas contaram com 13 participantes. O questionário foi composto inicialmente por 27 itens e, após validação, 19 itens. O estudo incluiu 65 indivíduos, com idade média de 40,91 anos e tempo médio de atuação em nível hospitalar semanal de 40 horas. A amostra total possuía 76,9% médicos, 10,8% fisioterapeutas e 12,3% enfermeiros ou técnicos de enfermagem. A maioria (52,3%) dos indivíduos relatou manter-se em posições desconfortáveis que afetam a região lombar por 5 a 10 horas por dia. Conclusão Foi desenvolvido e validado, pela técnica Delphi, um questionário sobre a prevalência e fatores de risco associados a dor lombar ocupacional crônica entre profissionais da área da saúde que atuam em nível hospitalar. Este instrumento inédito pode trazer benefícios para a população estudada, visto que os questionários utilizados atualmente para a avaliação de dor lombar crônica não são específicos para a investigação da causa ocupacional de tal condição.

Global reductions in manual agricultural work capacity due to climate change.

Manual outdoor work is essential in many agricultural systems. Climate change will make such work more stressful in many regions due to heat exposure. The physical work capacity metric (PWC) is a physiologically based approach that estimates an individual's work capacity relative to an environment without any heat stress. We computed PWC under recent past and potential future climate conditions. Daily values were computed from five earth system models for three emission scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5) and three time periods: 1991-2010 (recent past), 2041-2060 (mid-century) and 2081-2100 (end-century). Average daily PWC values were aggregated for the entire year, the growing season, and the warmest 90-day period of the year. Under recent past climate conditions, the growing season PWC was below 0.86 (86% of full work capacity) on half the current global cropland. With end-century/SSP5-8.5 thermal conditions this value was reduced to 0.7, with most affected crop-growing regions in Southeast and South Asia, West and Central Africa, and northern South America. Average growing season PWC could falls below 0.4 in some important food production regions such as the Indo-Gangetic plains in Pakistan and India. End-century PWC reductions were substantially greater than mid-century reductions. This paper assesses two potential adaptions-reducing direct solar radiation impacts with shade or working at night and reducing the need for hard physical labor with increased mechanization. Removing the effect of direct solar radiation impacts improved PWC values by 0.05 to 0.10 in the hottest periods and regions. Adding mechanization to increase horsepower (HP) per hectare to levels similar to those in some higher income countries would require a 22% increase in global HP availability with Sub-Saharan Africa needing the most. There may be scope for shifting to less labor-intensive crops or those with labor peaks in cooler periods or shift work to early morning.

Work ability of school servants and the mediating effects between personal characteristics, work conditions, and sickness absence1.

BACKGROUND: School servants are professionals involved with cleaning and feeding activities in schools. Exposed to conditions of physical and psychosocial overload at work, they may face situations of morbidity and functional restrictions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate personal and work characteristics and work ability index (WAI) of school servants in Brazil and test the mediating effect of WAI in the duration of sickness absence. METHODS: 163 Brazilian school servants participated in this cross-sectional study, that including the self-completion of a sociodemographic questionnaire, information about the Work Environment, the Protocol of Psychosocial Risks at Work's Evaluation, and the Work Ability Index. Also was collected, in a secondary health database, information about sickness absence. A linear regression model was constructed to identify the predictors of the duration of absence, followed by the analysis of mediation with the Path Analysis method. RESULTS: The study found that the WAI partially mediates the relation of the personal characteristics and the work conditions with the duration of absence of the school servants. The predictors included the organizational aspects of work, mental exhaustion, physical damage, health self-evaluation, availability of personal protective equipment, and the need to assume inadequate postures at work. These predictors explained 33% of the duration of absence and 53% of the WAI of these workers. CONCLUSION: This study indicated that inadequate working conditions and low WAI impact in the sickness absence, increasing by 33% the length of time off work of school servants.

Comprometimento da Capacidade para o Trabalho e efeitos neuropsicológicos entre trabalhadores com Covid-19 prévia / Impairment of Work Ability and neuropsychological effects among workers who have had COVID-19

RESUMO A Covid-19 é uma doença multissistêmica e consequências funcionais e tardias estão em estudo. Sequelas psicológicas e neurocognitivas podem comprometer a Capacidade para o Trabalho (CT) dos trabalhadores. Objetivou-se investigar a CT de pessoas previamente infectadas pelo Sars-CoV-2, correlacionando-a com avaliação da sonolência, ansiedade, depressão e fadiga. Estudo transversal, com trabalhadores diagnosticados com Covid-19 e em acompanhamento no Serviço de Neurologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp). Aplicou-se o instrumento Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT), um formulário com dados sociodemográficos e ocupacionais, bem como escalas de sonolência, ansiedade, depressão e fadiga. Dos 119 trabalhadores que participaram do estudo, mais da metade apresentaram comprometimento da CT (52,9%). Distúrbio emocional foi o agravo relatado mais frequente (31,9%). A regressão logística múltipla mostrou que a interação entre ansiedade e sonolência esteve associada ao comprometimento da CT (OR=4,50 com p=0,002). Ansiedade e sonolência foram alterações tardias da Covid-19 e associadas ao comprometimento da CT dos trabalhadores avaliados. Este estudo demonstra a necessidade de que todos os trabalhadores com teste positivo por Covid-19 tenham sua CT avaliada por ocasião do retorno ao trabalho. Ações de promoção à saúde, reabilitação funcional e adaptação do trabalho de acordo com as sequelas apresentadas pelos trabalhadores.

ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a multisystemic disease, with functional and late consequences still under study. Psychological and neurocognitive sequelae impact workers' quality of life and may compromise the Work Ability (WA). The objective was to investigate the WA of people infected with SARS-CoV-2, correlating it with the assessment of sleepiness, anxiety, depression and fatigue. Cross-sectional study, involving workers diagnosed with COVID-19 under follow-up at the Department of Neurology of Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Application of the Work Ability Index (WAI) analyzed with sociodemographic and occupational variables, as well the sleepiness, anxiety, depression and fatigue scales. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. 119 workers participated in the study and, among them, more than half had WA impairment (52.9%). Emotional disorders were the most frequent reported problem (31.9%). Multiple logistic regression showed that the interaction between anxiety and sleepiness was associated with WA impairment (OR=4.50, p=0.002). Anxiety and sleepiness were associated with previous COVID-19 and they were associated with WA impairment among workers. This study shows the WA evaluation should be provided for all workers with a previous history of COVID-19, when they return to work. This assessment can guide health promotion actions, functional rehabilitation and work adaptation to the sequelae presented by workers, singularly.

Factors related to work ability among nursing professionals from urgent and emergency care units: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Nursing professionals are on the front line of health systems in Brazil as well as worldwide. Studies on the work ability of nursing professionals are especially relevant as care demands increase and health care workforce shortages are expected. As the population of Brazil ages, the need for nursing care will increase. OBJECTIVE: To identify levels and predictors of work ability among Brazilian nursing professionals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with 267 nursing professionals (72 nurses and 195 nursing technicians and nursing auxiliary) from public emergency and urgent care units was conducted. Measures included the following: Work Ability Index; Questionnaire of Socio-demographics, Lifestyle and Work and Health Aspects; and Violence at Work questionnaire. Generalized linear regression and Poisson models were used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean work ability was 40.4 (range: 22 to 49). Almost 79.6% (n = 211) of participants reported good or excellent work ability, and 20.4% (n = 54) reported moderate or poor work ability. Better perceptions of health and job satisfaction, absence of health issues (past 15 days), lower stress levels, and having a partner were associated with better work ability. Victims of workplace violence were less likely to have good or excellent work ability than non-victims (prevalence ratio = 0.80; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.90). Professionals with cumulative experiences of workplace violence were less likely to report better work ability. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of good or excellent work ability was 79.6%. Our findings indicate that the following factors are predictors of work ability: self-reported perception of health, health issues in the last 15 days, workplace violence, job satisfaction, stress, and marital status.

Fatores associados à capacidade para o trabalho de enfermeiros idosos / Factors associated with the capacity for the work of elderly nurses / Factores asociados a la capacidad para el trabajo de enfermeras mayores

Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados a capacidade para o trabalho de enfermeiros idosos. Métodos: Estudo seccional, realizado com 233 profissionais de enfermagem idosos atuantes em hospitais públicos na cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho e questionário estruturado, sendo analisados posteriormente por estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: A capacidade para o trabalho foi considerada boa 119(51%) e esteve associada a raça negra/parda (p-valor = 0,030) e ao fato de não possuir um segundo emprego (p-valor = 0,010). Conclusão: A raça e a quantidade de empregos acumulados são fatores que interferem na capacidade para o trabalho de profissionais de enfermagem idosos, permitindo subsidiar estratégias visando promover a saúde e o bem-estar no trabalho. (AU)

Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the work capacity of elderly nurses. Methods: Sectional study conducted with 233 elderly nursing professionals working in public hospitals in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Data were collected through the Work Ability Index and a structured questionnaire, which were subsequently analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The ability to work was considered good 119 (51%) and was associated with the black / brown race (p-value = 0.030) and the fact of not having a second job (p-value = 0.010). Conclusion: The race and the amount of accumulated jobs are factors that interfere in the work capacity of elderly nursing professionals, allowing to subsidize strategies to promote health and well-being at work. (AU)

Objetivo: Evaluar factores asociados a la capacidad laboral de enfermeras ancianas. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 233 ancianos profesionales de enfermería que laboran en hospitales públicos de la ciudad de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante el Work Ability Index y un cuestionario estructurado, y posteriormente analizados mediante estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: la capacidad para el trabajo se consideró buena 119 (51%) y se asoció con la raza negra / morena (valor de p = 0,030) y no tener un segundo trabajo (valor de p = 0,010). Conclusión: La raza y la cantidad de puestos de trabajo acumulados son factores que interfieren en la capacidad laboral de los profesionales de enfermería de edad avanzada, permitiendo estrategias de subsidio para promover la salud y el bienestar en el trabajo. (AU)

Presenteísmo e sua influência sobre a capacidade para o trabalho em profissionais de saúde / Presenteeism and its influence on health personnel's capacity for work / El presentismo y su influencia en la capacidad para el trabajo en profesionales de la salud

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de presenteísmo em profissionais de saúde e analisar a influência de variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais sobre esse fenômeno, bem como sua influência sobre o índice de capacidade para o trabalho. Método: estudo observacional, transversal com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 299 profissionais de saúde de um hospital público de ensino. Utilizou-se os instrumentos: Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho e a Escala de Presenteísmo de Stanford. Aplicaram-se testes de Regressão linear múltipla e de regressão logística. Resultados: a análise de regressão logística revelou que as mulheres tiveram chance 1,88 vezes maior (1,06-3,32 e p=0,03) de apresentar presenteísmo. A regressão linear múltipla mostrou influência dos seguintes preditores na capacidade para o trabalho: presenteísmo (ß=-0,35, p<0,001), sexo (ß=-0,28, p<0,001) e categoria profissional (ß=-0,12, p=0,03). Conclusão: o presenteísmo prevaleceu entre os profissionais de saúde e exerceu influência na sua capacidade para o trabalho.

Objective: to identify the prevalence of presenteeism among health personnel and to examine the influence of sociodemographic and occupational variables on this phenomenon, as well as its influence on the work ability index. Method: this quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted with 299 health personnel from a public teaching hospital. The Work Ability Index and the Stanford Presenteeism Scale were used. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression tests were applied. Results: logistic regression analysis revealed that women were 1.88 times more likely (1.06-3.32 and p=0.03) to display presenteeism. Multiple linear regression showed following predictors influenced work ability: presenteeism (ß ¬= 0.35, p<0.001), gender (ß= 0.28, p<0.001) and professional category (ß= 0.12, p=0.03). Conclusion: presenteeism was prevalent among health personnel and influenced their ability to work.

Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia del presentismo entre profesionales de la salud y analizar la influencia de variables sociodemográficas y ocupacionales sobre este fenómeno, así como su influencia en el índice de capacidad para el trabajo. Método: estudio observacional transversal con enfoque cuantitativo, realizado con 299 profesionales de la salud de un hospital público de enseñanza. Se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: Índice de Capacidad para el Trabajo y la Escala de Presentismo de Stanford. Se aplicaron pruebas de regresión lineal múltiple y regresión logística. Resultados: El análisis de regresión logística reveló que las mujeres tenían 1,88 veces más probabilidades (1,06-3,32 y p=0,03) de presentismo. La regresión lineal múltiple mostró la influencia de los siguientes predictores sobre la capacidad laboral: presentismo (ß=-0.35, p<0.001), género (ß=-0.28, p<0.001) y categoría profesional (ß=-0,12, p=0.03). Conclusión: el presentismo prevaleció entre los profesionales de la salud e influyó en su capacidad de trabajo.

Factors associated with work ability and intention to leave nursing profession: a nested case-control study.

This study aims to identify factors associated with impaired work ability and intention to leave the nursing profession. This is a case-control nested within a cross-sectional study. Samples were randomly selected for work ability (475 controls and 158 cases) and intention to leave profession (454 controls and 151 cases). Data on demographic, lifestyle, occupational features, work environment, work ability and intention to leave profession were collected. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. Factors associated with work ability impairment were: risk for moderate (OR=1.28) and high (OR=2.26) job strain, effort-reward imbalance (OR=2.82), high overcommitment (OR=1.77), situations that may contribute to musculoskeletal pain/injury with moderate (OR=1.82) or high (OR=2.58) exposures, degree level (OR=2.13) or elementary/high school level (OR=1.67), and low physical activity (OR=1.74). Age of 31-40 years (OR=0.26) and ≥41 years (OR=0.27) were protective factors. Factors associated with intention to leave profession were: high risk for job strain (OR=1.81), effort-reward imbalance (OR=3.25), situations that may contribute to musculoskeletal pain/injury with high exposure (OR=1.54), and insomnia symptoms (OR=2.72). Age >40 years was a protective factor (OR=0.50). Individual characteristics and occupational conditions were associated with work ability impairment and intention to leave profession. Measures to improve working conditions and individual resources were recommended.

Work ability and associated factors in people living with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1

ABSTRACT Background: Infection with the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) affects an estimated 10-15 million people worldwide. However, knowledge of the impact of HTLV-1 infection on work ability is lacking. This study aimed to measure the frequency and identify factors associated with poor work ability in patients living with HTLV-1. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 207 individuals infected with HTLV-1 who attended the University Hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. HTLV-1 antibodies were detected in the participants' blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by western blotting. Participants answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, personal habits, clinical data, health-related quality of life, and work ability, evaluated using the work ability index questionnaire. A Poisson regression model with a robust variance estimate was used to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of poor work ability. Results: Patients mean age was 55.2, ranging from 19 to 84 years, 73.0% were females, 100% had monthly family income less than US$ 394, and 33.8% presented HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). No individual was classified as having excellent work ability. Poor work ability prevalence was strongly associated (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval [CI]) with sedentarism (1.30; 1.03-1.65), neurological symptoms (1.25; 1.02-1.52), and low physical (0.95; 0.94-0.96) and mental (0.98; 0.97-0.99) component summaries of health-related quality of life. Conclusions: Poor work ability among people living with HTLV-1 is associated with sedentarism, neurologic symptoms, and low health-related quality of life.

Índice de capacidade para o trabalho de enfermeiros hospitalares na vigência da pandemia de COVID-19 / Work ability index of hospital nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic

Uma das principais razões relatadas como determinantes da escassez e evasão dos trabalhadores de saúde no mundo todo refere-se às condições inadequadas de trabalho, especialmente para a enfermagem, bem como as exigências, organização, execução, remuneração e o ambiente de trabalho. Estas precárias condições laborais são responsáveis pelo aparecimento de doenças e estão expressas pelo alto nível de absenteísmo no trabalho. A pandemia do Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave Coronavírus 2 (SARS-Cov2) potencializou os riscos de adoecimento dos profissionais, pois a atuação destes em ambientes expostos ao SARS-CoV-2 e as fragilidades estruturais, às quais esses profissionais estão suscetíveis hoje em dia, têm aumentado consideravelmente uma série de desafios físicos, psicológicos e emocionais. Ocorre também um maior aumento da carga de trabalho, muitas vezes decorrentes do déficit de profissionais já anterior à pandemia. O Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT) é uma ferramenta que pode contribuir para melhor entendimento dessa situação. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar o ICT dos enfermeiros hospitalares que atuam em unidades COVID-19 e não COVID-19. Trata-se de estudo transversal analítico, com abordagem quantitativa dos dados, desenvolvido em um hospital de ensino, de grande porte, do interior do Estado de São Paulo. A população foi constituída por todos os enfermeiros alocados nas unidades clínica-cirúrgicas e de terapia intensiva da instituição, e divididos em dois grupos: enfermeiros que trabalharam em unidades com atendimento a pacientes COVID-19 e enfermeiros que atuaram em unidades onde não ocorreu internação de pacientes acometidos por esta patologia, sendo esta uma das variáveis analisadas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um formulário contendo dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e ocupacionais e de um questionário autoaplicável do ICT. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise e tratamento dos dados e o modelo de regressão logística para avaliar a associação do ICT com variáveis sócio demográficas e ocupacionais. Participaram do estudo 100 enfermeiros, sendo predominante a idade até 39 anos (63%), sexo feminino (81%), solteiro (52%) e com tempo de trabalho na profissão inferior a 24 meses (46%). Quanto a classificação ICT, 68 profissionais obtiveram uma classificação ótima ou boa, considerada a adequada, sendo que destes, 37 atuaram nas unidades de atendimento a pacientes com COVID-19. Dos 32 enfermeiros que obtiveram uma classificação moderado ou baixo, considerada inadequada, 20 atuavam nas unidades não COVID-19. Nenhuma variável independente apresentou evidência estatística de associação, porém, tempo na instituição, tempo na profissão e horas de trabalho semanal mostraram alguma tendência. O conjunto de achados descritos neste estudo pode contribuir para o aprimoramento das discussões sobre o ICT, envolvendo a situação de saúde dos trabalhadores da saúde durante a pandemia de COVID-19

One of the main reasons reported as determinants of the shortage and evasion of health workers worldwide refers to inadequate working conditions, especially for nursing, as well as the requirements, organization, execution, remuneration and the work environment. These precarious working conditions are responsible for the emergence of diseases and are expressed by the high level of absenteeism at work. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) pandemic increased the risks of illness for professionals, as their performance in environments exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and the structural weaknesses to which these professionals are susceptible today, have considerably increased a number of physical, psychological and emotional challenges. There is also a greater increase in the workload, often resulting from the shortage of professionals already before the pandemic. The Work Ability Index (WAI) is a tool that can contribute to a better understanding of this situation. The objective of this study was to identify the WAI of hospital nurses working in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach to the data, developed in a large teaching hospital in the interior of the State of São Paulo. The population consisted of all nurses allocated to the clinical-surgical and intensive care units of the institution, and divided into two groups: nurses who worked in units with care for COVID-19 patients and nurses who worked in units where there was no hospitalization of patients affected by this pathology, being this one of the analyzed variables. Data were collected using a form containing socioeconomic, demographic and occupational data and a self-administered WAI questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and treatment and the logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of WAI with sociodemographic and occupational variables. A total of 100 nurses participated in the study, the predominant age being up to 39 years (63%), female (81%), single (52%) and with less than 24 months of experience in the profession (46%). Regarding the WAI classification, 68 professionals obtained an excellent or good classification, considered adequate, and of these, 37 worked in the care units for patients with COVID-19. Of the 32 nurses who obtained a moderate or low rating, considered inadequate, 20 worked in non-COVID-19 units. No independent variable showed statistical evidence of association, however, time in the institution, time in the profession and weekly working hours showed some tendency. The set of findings described in this study can contribute to the improvement of discussions on the WAI, involving the health situation of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Capacidade para o trabalho e intenção de saída da profissão na enfermagem de São Paulo / Work ability and intending to leave the nursing profession in São Paulo / Capacidad de trabajo e intención de dejar la profesión en enfermería en São Paulo

identificar o perfil de capacidade para o trabalho e intenção de saída da profissão na enfermagem. Método: um estudo transversal junto a 3051 profissionais do estado de São Paulo, com coleta de dados realizada por meio da internet avaliando características pessoais, ocupacionais, condições de trabalho, capacidade para o trabalho e ISP. Foi feita análise descritiva dos dados e associações verificadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: entre os profissionais, 55,4% tinham capacidade para o trabalho comprometida e 33,5% tinham intenção de saída presente. A intenção de saída aumentava na medida em que aumentava o comprometimento da capacidade para o trabalho (p<0,001). Foram identificadas condições físicas e psicossociais inadequadas de trabalho. Conclusão: o comprometimento da capacidade para o trabalho e a presença de intenção de saída da profissão a foram frequentes entre os profissionais de enfermagem, sendo que condições laborais inadequadas estão presentes no trabalho desse contingente profissional.

to identify the profile of work ability and intention to leave the nursing profession. Method: in this cross-sectional study of 3051 nurses in São Paulo state, data on personal and occupational characteristics, working conditions, work ability and intention to leave were collected through the Internet. Descriptive analysis was performed and associations were identified using the chi-square test. Results: 55.4% of the nurses' work ability was impaired and 33.5% intended to leave. Intention to leave increased as impairment of fitness for work increased (p < 0.001). Inadequate physical and psychosocial work conditions were identified. Conclusion: impaired work ability and the intention to leave the profession were frequent among professional nurses, and their work was found to suffer from inadequate labour conditions.

identificar el perfil de capacidad para el trabajo e intención de dejar la profesión en enfermería. Método: estudio transversal junto a 3051 profesionales del estado de São Paulo, con recolección de datos realizada a través de internet, evaluando características personales y ocupacionales, condiciones de trabajo, capacidad para el trabajo e intención de abandonarlo. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los datos y asociaciones verificadas mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Entre los profesionales, el 55,4% tenía capacidad de trabajo comprometida y el 33,5% tenía presente intención de dejarlo. La intención de abandonarlo crecía a medida que aumentaba la discapacidad para el trabajo (p<0,001). Se identificaron condiciones de trabajo físicas y psicosociales inadecuadas. Conclusión: la disminución de capacidad para el trabajo y la presencia de intención de dejar la profesión fueron frecuentes entre los profesionales de enfermería; se presentan también condiciones de trabajo inadecuadas en el trabajo de este contingente profesional.

Association between muscle strength, upper extremity fatigue resistance, work ability and upper extremity dysfunction in a sample of workers at a tertiary hospital.

BACKGROUND: Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders negatively affect ability to perform activities of daily living, self-care and work. Therefore, outcome measurements that address muscle strength, fatigue resistance, functionality and work physical capacity must be defined to assess and plan specific actions to minimize them. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of upper extremity muscle strength with upper extremity fatigue resistance, work ability and upper extremity dysfunction in a sample of workers from a tertiary hospital. METHODS: Shoulder and elbow isokinetic strength were assessed by Biodex System 4™, isometric hand grip by JAMAR™, upper extremity fatigue resistance by Functional Impairment Test Hand and Neck/Shoulder/Arm (FIT-HaNSA), ability to work by the Work Ability Index and upper extremity dysfunction by the Quick-Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand QuickDASH-Br questionnaire. The Nordic questionnaire and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were used for pain description. The associations were analysed by Spearman's correlation coefficient (rho) (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Twenty-seven participants: 59.2% women; mean age 46 years old; 70.3% obese/overweight; 62.9% active with predominantly dynamic muscle contraction work. Besides predominance of good to moderate work ability (81.4%) and comorbidities (37%), all participants had symptoms of the upper extremities for at least 12 months, with a predominance of low-intensity in the shoulder (55.5%). In addition, 88.8% reported pain in other segments. Muscle strength of abduction (rho = 0.49), adduction (rho = 0.40), internal rotation (rho = 0.44) and hand grip (rho = 0.68) presented moderate correlation with FIT-HaNSA. Hand grip (rho = - 0.52) showed moderate correlation with upper extremity dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this preliminary study suggested the association of shoulder strength with fatigue resistance. Also, hand grip strength was associated with upper extremity dysfunction and fatigue resistance. No association was found with the Work Ability Index in this sample. So, it is suggested that hand grip and shoulder strength could be outcome measurements used for future interventions focused on upper extremity preventive exercises to improve strength and fatigue resistance of workers at risk for the development of musculoskeletal disorders. Other individual, psychosocial and organizational risk factors must also be considered as influences on upper extremity function.

Valoración del desempeño ocupacional: factor integrador en la calificación de la pérdida de capacidad laboral y ocupacional / Assessment of occupational performance: An integrating factor of the loss of work and occupational capacity

Resumen Introducción: El desempeño ocupacional (DO) como concepto integrador permite la valoración holística de la persona e identifica el potencial para el retorno a la actividad productiva a través del concepto ocupacional, como insumo para la valoración de la pérdida de la capacidad laboral y ocupacional (PCLO), esto permite una calificación objetiva de los aspectos que constituyen el Manual único para la calificación de la pérdida de la capacidad laboral y ocupacional (MUCPCLO). Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico con aplicación de una escala de evaluación del DO a una muestra de trabajadores seleccionados a conveniencia, con alteraciones en funciones o estructuras corporales, participación o restricción a nivel ocupacional. Se realizaron comparaciones analíticas con el estándar de calificación del MUCPCLO y se identificaron factores diferenciales e integradores. Resultados: La muestra estuvo integrada por seis sujetos, cuatro presentaron un accidente de trabajo y dos, enfermedades laborales. En cuanto a la evaluación del desempeño, se evidenció que el 66 % presentó dependencia leve en actividades específicas; producto de ello, se logró realizar un análisis diferencial con énfasis en la calificación del MUCPCLO. Se reconocen factores específicos en el proceso como la objetividad de la valoración del DO, los múltiples aportes del concepto de DO y las posibilidades de articulación con el manual MUCPCLO. Conclusiones: La valoración previa del DO y el concepto integral del terapeuta ocupacional se constituyen como un eje fundamental que aporta al proceso de la valoración PCLO.

Abstract Introduction: Occupational performance (OP) as an integrating concept allows the holistic assessment of the person and identifies the potential for the return to productive activity through the occupational concept as an input for the assessment of the loss of work and occupational capacity (LWOC), allowing an objective qualification of the aspects that constitute the Manual único para la calificación de la pérdida de la capacidad Laboral y Ocupacional (MUCPCLO, Spanish acronym for Manual for the qualification of the loss of labor and occupational capacity). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with application of an OP evaluation scale to a sample of conveniently selected workers with alterations in body functions or structures, participation, or restriction at the occupational level. Analytical comparisons were made with the MUCPCLO scoring standard, and differential and integrating factors were identified. Results: Six subjects made up the sample, four had an occupational accident and two occupational diseases. In performance evaluation, 66% of the sample presented slight dependence on specific activities that lead to a differential analysis with emphasis on the MUCPCLO score. Specific factors were recognized, such as, objectivity of the assessment of occupational performance, multiple contributions of the concept of occupational performance, and possibilities of articulation with the manual. Conclusions: The prior assessment of occupational performance and the integral concept of the occupational therapist are constituted as a fundamental axis that contributes to the process of the assessment of the LWOC.

Factors associated with health-related quality of life of military policemen in Salvador, Brazil: cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Brazil is a violent society and police officers play a fundamental role in this scenario. Police work is a stressful occupation. Dealing with routine violence, police officers must have high standards of physical and mental health. Patrolling the streets involves several risks and stressful situations that may hamper military policemen's quality of life. The identification of factors associated with health-related quality of life may help in planning and providing adequate care to military policemen. This study aimed to identify factors associated with health-related quality of life of military policemen in Salvador, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional design study investigated a random sample of 329 male military police officers, engaged in patrolling the streets of Salvador, Brazil. A structured questionnaire applied to the policemen collected information about age, education, marital status, income, house ownership, car ownership, police rank, working day, alcohol consumption, smoking, frequency of vigorous physical activity, obesity (body mass index ≥ 30.0), and work ability. Health-related quality of life was evaluated through the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36). Work ability was assessed through the Work Ability Index questionnaire. Poor work ability was defined by a 7-27 points score. Multiple linear regression models were used to measure the impact of police officers characteristics on the variation in the Physical Component and Mental Component Summary scores. RESULTS: Normalised scores were below 50.0% for seven out of the eight SF-36 domains and for the two component summaries. The SF-36 Physical Component Summary was significantly (P < 0.05) associated with poor work ability, while the Mental Component Summary was associated with poor work ability, excessive alcohol consumption, and younger age (24-34 years). Multivariate analysis estimated that the Physical Component Summary was 7.386 units (%) lower among policemen with poor work ability compared to those with moderate/good/excellent work ability. The Mental Component Summary was 12.755 units lower among those with poor work ability, 5.354 units lower among those with excessive alcohol consumption, and 5.532 units higher among those with younger age. CONCLUSIONS: The military police officers investigated presented low health-related quality of life, associated with younger age, excessive alcohol consumption, and poor work ability.

Quality of life and the work capacity of professional nursing staff in the hospital environment

This study aimed to evaluate the association between life quality and the work capacity of nursing professionals in a public hospital of the public health system. A cross-sectional, quantitative study with the participation of 115 nursing professionals. The study method used the WHOQOL-brief questionnaire, the Work Capacity Index questionnaire, and a sociodemographic and occupational questionnaire. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, where values of p≤ 0.05 were considered significant. In terms of life quality, the domains that presented higher averages were for psychological 70.0±14.5 and social relations 70.8±19.8, with the physical domain reaching 64.4±11.9 and the environment at 57.7±13.6. The average score from the Work Capacity Index was 40.3±6.1; median: 42; IQR: 37.0-45.0), with a predominance of good and excellent for work capacity. Work capacity was increased for being male (ß=3.99; p=0.016) and negatively associated to age (ß=-0.31; p<0.001). In conclusion, it is verified that there is a positive correlation between the capacity for work and the evaluation of the quality of life, but it is emphasized that the sociodemographic and occupational characteristics lead the nursing professional to present a work capacity reduction, which generates alterations in the perception of life quality.

Violence Against Teachers and Work Ability: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northeast Brazil.

This study aimed to describe teacher work ability in relation to violence against teachers and certain sociodemographic and occupational features. A cross-sectional study investigated 525 kindergarten and elementary grade school teachers from Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Northeast Brazil. Information from each teacher was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The main outcome was teacher reports about their current and future (in 2 years' time) physical and emotional work ability. The teachers were predominantly female, young, with heavy workloads and on low incomes. Teachers reported being victimized in the school by physical violence (22.9%), verbal violence (42.9%), theft or robbery (36.4%), aggression or threats with a firearm or a non-firearm weapon (knife, glass, etc.; 7.0%), or by some form of violence (58.4%). Teachers reported low physical (56.0%) and emotional (40.6%) current work ability. Low physical work ability was significantly associated with physical and verbal violence, theft and robbery, and some form of violence; low emotional work ability was associated with physical and verbal violence, aggression or threat with a weapon, and some form of violence. Expectation of low work ability in the future was reported by 42.9% of the teachers and was associated with higher education level, and physical violence, verbal violence, theft or robbery, aggression or threat with a weapon, and some form of violence. The association between violence and work ability was modified by education level. Subsequent control of confounding in the strata of education confirmed the associations between violence and low work ability. The physical, emotional, and future work ability of teachers was low and associated with school violence, indicating the need to promote a safer work environment inside the school and in society as a whole.

Functionality and factors associated with work behaviour among Brazilian breast cancer survivors: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer treatments lead to several comorbidities in the upper limbs, such as pain and stiffness, hindering physical functions and the return to work. OBJECTIVE: To explore the functionality and factors associated with work behaviour among manual and non-manual Brazilian workers who have recovered from breast cancer. METHODS: This is an observational cross-sectional study involving Brazilian breast cancer survivors. The sociodemographic, work, and clinical aspects were assessed through clinical records, upper limb disability, and human functionality obtained from 62 women. Multiple and univariate logistic regressions were used to identify the association of variables on return to work, p < 0.05. RESULTS: 56.5% of women did not return to work, the mean time for returning to work was 16 months (±15.21), absenteeism from work lasted 41 months (±34.58). Modified radical mastectomy (OR = 5.13, 95% CI = 1.35 to 18.66) and moderate-to-severe disability levels in the upper limbs (OR = 6.77, 95% CI = 1.86 to 24.92) were associated with not returning to work. The loss of productivity was higher among non-manual workers (21.5%) (p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS: The rates of not returning to work after breast cancer treatment are high. Women who did not return to work presented higher levels of disability.

Índice de capacidad de trabajo en enfermeras en atención primaria de salud, Lima-Perú / Work capacity index in nurses in primary health care, Lima-Perú

Resumen Objetivo: Determinar el índice de capacidad de trabajo estimado por los profesionales de enfermería en atención primaria de salud. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo-descriptivo de corte transversal. Participaron 72 enfermeras y se utilizó un instrumento conformado por información general y el índice de capacidad de trabajo, el cual fue validado por medio de juicio de expertos y prueba piloto, resultando un coeficiente de 0,741 de alfa de Cronbach. Se cumplió con la entrega del consentimiento informado y se usó la estadística descriptiva y el chi-cuadrado para el análisis de datos. Resultados: El índice de capacidad de trabajo fue excelente para 37,5 %, bueno para 43,1 %, moderado para 194 % y ningún participante estimó un índice bajo, además, estadísticamente se evidenció que el número de hijos presenta una asociación significativa con el índice (chi-cuadrado = 14798, p = 0,022). Conclusión: Prevalece un índice de capacidad de trabajo bueno; por lo tanto, se sugiere el respaldo de medidas para la mejora o mantenimiento de la capacidad laboral.

Resumo Objetivo: Determinar o índice de capacidade de trabalho estimado pelos profissionais de enfermagem em atendimento primário de saúde. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo-descritivo de corte transversal. Participaram 72 enfermeiras e utilizou-se um instrumento formado pela informação geral e o índice de capacidade de trabalho, que foi validado por meio do julgamento de especialistas e teste-piloto. O resultado foi um coeficiente de 0,741 de alfa de Cronbach. Cumpriu-se com a entrega do consentimento informado e utilizou-se a estatística descritiva e o qui-quadrado para a análise de dados. Resultados: O índice de capacidade foi excelente para 37,5 %, bom para 43,1 %, moderado para 19,4 % e nenhum participante estimou um índice baixo, além disso, estatística-mente ficou evidente que o número de filhos apresenta uma associação significativa com o índice (qui-quadrado = 14.798, p = 0,022). Conclusão: Prevalece um índice de trabalho bom; portanto, sugere-se o respaldo de medidas para melhorar ou manter a capacidade laboral.

Abstract Objective: To determine the estimated work capacity index estimated by nursing professionals in primary health care. Methodology: Quantitative-descriptive cross-sectional study. Seventy-two nurses participated, and an instrument consisting of general information and the working capacity index was used, which was validated through expert judgment and pilot testing, resulting in a coefficient of 0.741 Cronbach's alpha. The delivery of informed consent was fulfilled, and the descriptive statistic and chi-square were used for data analysis. Results: The working capacity index was considered excellent for 37.5 %, good for 43.1 %, moderated to 19.4 % and no participant estimated a low rate; moreover, it was shown statistically that the number of children has a significant association with the index (chi-square = 14.798, p = 0.022). Conclusion: A good working capacity index prevails; therefore, it is suggested to support measures for the improvement or maintenance of work capacity.