Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 mutations reveals regional-specificity and similar trends of N501 and high-frequency mutation N501Y in different levels of control measures.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This disease has spread globally, causing more than 161.5 million cases and 3.3 million deaths to date. Surveillance and monitoring of new mutations in the virus' genome are crucial to our understanding of the adaptation of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, how the temporal dynamics of these mutations is influenced by control measures and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is poorly understood. Using 1,058,020 SARS-CoV-2 from sequenced COVID-19 cases from 98 countries (totaling 714 country-month combinations), we perform a normalization by COVID-19 cases to calculate the relative frequency of SARS-CoV-2 mutations and explore their dynamics over time. We found 115 mutations estimated to be present in more than 3% of global COVID-19 cases and determined three types of mutation dynamics: high-frequency, medium-frequency, and low-frequency. Classification of mutations based on temporal dynamics enable us to examine viral adaptation and evaluate the effects of implemented control measures in virus evolution during the pandemic. We showed that medium-frequency mutations are characterized by high prevalence in specific regions and/or in constant competition with other mutations in several regions. Finally, taking N501Y mutation as representative of high-frequency mutations, we showed that level of control measure stringency negatively correlates with the effective reproduction number of SARS-CoV-2 with high-frequency or not-high-frequency and both follows similar trends in different levels of stringency.

Mathematical modeling of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2-Evaluating the impact of isolation in São Paulo State (Brazil) and lockdown in Spain associated with protective measures on the epidemic of CoViD-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoViD-19), with the fatality rate in elder (60 years old or more) being much higher than young (60 years old or less) patients, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. A mathematical model considering young and elder subpopulations under different fatality rates was formulated based on the natural history of CoViD-19 to study the transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The model considered susceptible, exposed, asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic, mild CoViD-19, severe CoViD-19, and recovered compartments, besides compartments of isolated individuals and those who were caught by test. This model was applied to study the epidemiological scenario resulting from the adoption of quarantine (isolation or lockdown) in many countries to control the rapid propagation of CoViD-19. We chose as examples the isolation adopted in São Paulo State (Brazil) in the early phase but not at the beginning of the epidemic, and the lockdown implemented in Spain when the number of severe CoViD-19 cases was increasing rapidly. Based on the data collected from São Paulo State and Spain, the model parameters were evaluated, and we obtained a higher estimation for the basic reproduction number R0 (9.24 for São Paulo State, and 8 for Spain) compared to the currently accepted estimation of R0 around 2 using the SEIR (susceptible, exposed, infectious, and recovered compartments) model. In comparison with the lockdown in Spain, the relatively early adoption of the isolation in São Paulo State resulted in enlarging the period of the first wave of the epidemic and delaying its peak. The model allowed to explain the flattening of the epidemic curves by quarantine when associated with the protective measures (face mask, washing hands with alcohol and gel, and social distancing) adopted by the population. The description of the epidemic under quarantine and protections can be a background to foreseen the epidemiological scenarios from the release strategies, which can help guide public health policies by decision-makers.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health care activities at a Uruguayan mastology unit.

PURPOSE: Health emergency due to COVID-19 started in Uruguay on March 13, 2020; our mastology unit tried to ensure adequate oncological care, and protect patients from the virus infection and complications. OBJECTIVE: To assess the health care activities in the "peak" of the pandemic during 3 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: we collected data from the electronic health record. RESULTS: There were a total of 293 medical appointments from 131 patients (221 face-to-face), that decreased by 16.7% compared to the same period in 2019 (352 appointments). The medical appointments were scheduled to evaluate the continuity of systemic treatment or modifications (95 patients; 72.5%), follow-up (17; 12.9%), first-time consultation (12; 9.1%), and assess paraclinical studies (7; 5.3%). The patients were on hormone therapy (81 patients; 74%), chemotherapy (CT) (21; 19%), and anti-HER2 therapies (9; 8%). New twenty treatments were initiated. Of the 14 patients that were on adjuvant/neoadjuvant CT, 9 (64.3%) continued with the same regimen with the addition of prophylactic granulocyte-colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF), and 5 (35.7%), who were receiving weekly paclitaxel, continued the treatment with no changes. Of the seven patients that were on palliative CT, 2 (28.5%) continued the treatment with the addition of G-CSF, 3 (42.8%) continued with weekly capecitabine or paclitaxel with no treatment changes, and 2 (28.5%) changed their treatment regimen (a less myelosuppressive regimen was selected for one and due to progression of the disease in the other patient). The ninety patients who were receiving adjuvant, neoadjuvant, or palliative criteria hormone therapy and/or anti-HER2 therapies, continued the treatment with no changes. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence suggests that, although medical appointments decreased by approximately 17%, we could maintain healthcare activities, continued most of the treatments while the most modified was CT with G-CSF to avoid myelosuppression.

Lineamientos para el abordaje de casos positivos para SARS-COV-2 de viajeros que ingresan al país por el aeropuerto internacional "La Aurora" (AILA) / Guidelines for addressing positive cases for SARS-COV-2 of travelers entering the country through the international airport "La Aurora" (AILA)

En los antecedentes se presentan estadísticas del COVID-19 a la fecha en la que se elaboró el documento (enero 2021) y aborda las tres mutaciones del virus conocidas hasta la fecha del documento. Así mismo, menciona el tema de las mutaciones y las tres variantes conocidas hasta ese momento: Reino Unido e Irlanda del Norte, República de Sudáfrica y Brasil, siendo la de mayor transmisibilidad, según el documento, la del Reino Unido En relación a ello y enfocado en el tema principal, menciona que: "La enfermedad por el coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) se ha propagado a través de varias fronteras, lo que ha dado lugar a la demanda de medidas de detección y gestión de los casos sospechosos en los puntos de entrada, en particular los puertos, aeropuertos y pasos fronterizos" Por lo que los objetivos del documento son: "1. Generar información genética mediante la vigilancia genómica de casos confirmados de COVID-19 en el Aeropuerto Internacional "La Aurora". 2. Determinar las variantes genéticas del SARS-CoV-2 de casos confirmados para COVID-19 de pasajeros que ingresan al país. 3. Detectar oportunamente las variantes genómicas del SARS-CoV-2 de interés nacional e internacional." En el anexo 1 incluye: Escenarios para la realización de prueba diagnóstica de COVID-19 y referencia para secuenciación y en el 2: Solicitud de Análisis, Secuenciación SARS-CoV-2

Association of Surgical Delay and Overall Survival in Patients With T2 Renal Masses: Implications for Critical Clinical Decision-making During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To test for an association between surgical delay and overall survival (OS) for patients with T2 renal masses. Many health care systems are balancing resources to manage the current COVID-19 pandemic, which may result in surgical delay for patients with large renal masses. METHODS: Using Cox proportional hazard models, we analyzed data from the National Cancer Database for patients undergoing extirpative surgery for clinical T2N0M0 renal masses between 2004 and 2015. Study outcomes were to assess for an association between surgical delay with OS and pathologic stage. RESULTS: We identified 11,848 patients who underwent extirpative surgery for clinical T2 renal masses. Compared with patients undergoing surgery within 2 months of diagnosis, we found worse OS for patients with a surgical delay of 3-4 months (hazard ratio [HR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.25) or 5-6 months (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.19-1.91). Considering only healthy patients with Charlson Comorbidity Index = 0, worse OS was associated with surgical delay of 5-6 months (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.21-2.34, P= .002) but not 3-4 months (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.93-1.26, P = 309). Pathologic stage (pT or pN) was not associated with surgical delay. CONCLUSION: Prolonged surgical delay (5-6 months) for patients with T2 renal tumors appears to have a negative impact on OS while shorter surgical delay (3-4 months) was not associated with worse OS in healthy patients. The data presented in this study may help patients and providers to weigh the risk of surgical delay versus the risk of iatrogenic SARS-CoV-2 exposure during resurgent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Assessment of compliance with malaria treatment monitoring and cure verification activities. / Avaliação do cumprimento das atividades de monitoramento do tratamento e de verificação de cura da malária.

OBJECTIVE: To assess compliance with treatment monitoring and cure verification activities by Malaria Control Program professionals. METHOD: This is an evaluation research carried out through systematic observation, with the aid of a Likert-type scale form, adopting a numerical score to assess the fulfillment of activities. Data collection was carried out in the Amazonian municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul in Acre State. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: Fifteen endemic disease control agents, five nurses and five microscopists were observed in the performance of their functions in the program. Treatment monitoring and cure verification activities obtained the respective total compliance percentages of 72.0% and 12.1%. Microscopists, assessed in 9 activities, obtained a higher percentage of compliance with activities, while nurses and endemic disease control agents had a partial compliance rate or did not perform certain activities. CONCLUSION: Malaria Control Program performs below the recommended level, not meeting the established gold standard, which may mean maintaining or increasing malaria cases.

Indigenous communities' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and consequences for maternal and neonatal health in remote Peruvian Amazon: a qualitative study based on routine programme supervision.

AIM: To explore indigenous communities' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for maternal and neonatal health (MNH) care in the Peruvian Amazon. METHODS: Mamás del Río is a community-based, MNH programme with comprehensive supervision covering monthly meetings with community health workers (CHW), community leaders and health facilities. With the onset of the lockdown, supervisors made telephone calls to discuss measures against COVID-19, governmental support, CHW activities in communities and provision of MNH care and COVID-19 preparedness at facilities. As part of the programme's ongoing mixed methods evaluation, we analysed written summaries of supervisor calls collected during the first 2 months of Peru's lockdown. RESULTS: Between March and May 2020, supervisors held two rounds of calls with CHWs and leaders of 68 communities and staff from 17 facilities. Most communities banned entry of foreigners, but about half tolerated residents travelling to regional towns for trade and social support. While social events were forbidden, strict home isolation was only practised in a third of communities as conflicting with daily routine. By the end of April, first clusters of suspected cases were reported in communities. COVID-19 test kits, training and medical face masks were not available in most rural facilities. Six out of seven facilities suspended routine antenatal and postnatal consultations while two-thirds of CHWs resumed home visits to pregnant women and newborns. CONCLUSIONS: Home isolation was hardly feasible in the rural Amazon context and community isolation was undermined by lack of external supplies and social support. With sustained community transmission, promotion of basic hygiene and mask use becomes essential. To avoid devastating effects on MNH, routine services at facilities need to be urgently re-established alongside COVID-19 preparedness plans. Community-based MNH programmes could offset detrimental indirect effects of the pandemic and provide an opportunity for local COVID-19 prevention and containment.

Assessment of early mitigation measures against COVID-19 in Puerto Rico: March 15-May 15, 2020.

On March 15, 2020 Puerto Rico implemented non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including a mandatory curfew, as part of a state of emergency declaration to prevent the community transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The strict enforcement of this curfew was extended through May 25, with a gradual relaxation beginning on May 1. This report summarizes an assessment of these early mitigation measures on the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic in the island. From March 15 to May 15, 2020, 70,656 results of molecular (RT-PCR) tests were reported to the Puerto Rico Department of Health. Of these, 1,704 were positive, corresponding to 1,311 individuals with COVID-19 included in the study. We derived the epidemic growth rates (r) and the corresponding reproductive numbers (R) from the epidemic curve of these 1,311 individuals with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 using their date of test collection as a proxy for symptoms onset. Through May 31, 2020, there were 143 COVID-19 associated deaths in Puerto Rico, for a case fatality risk of 10.9%. We compared the observed cases and deaths with Gompertz model projections had the mitigation measures not been implemented. The number of daily RT-PCR-confirmed cases peaked on March 30 (85 cases), showing a weekly cyclical trend, with lower counts on weekends and a decreasing secular trend since March 30. The initial exponential growth rate (r) was 15.87% (95% CI: 7.59%, 24.15%), corresponding to R of 1.82 (95% CI:1.37, 2.30). After March 30, the r value reverted to an exponential decay rate (negative) of -2.95% (95% CI: -4.99%, -0.92%), corresponding to R of 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.98). We estimate that, had the initial growth rate been maintained, a total of 6,155 additional COVID-19 cases would have occurred by May 15, with 211 additional COVID-19 deaths by May 31. These findings are consistent with very effective implementation of early NPIs as mitigation measures in Puerto Rico. These results also provide a baseline to assess the impact of the transition from mitigation to subsequent containment stages in Puerto Rico.

Plano municipal de contingência da epidemia pelo Coronavírus (COVID-19) [Conceição do Tocantins] / Municipal contingency plan for the Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) [Conceição do Tocantins]

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Conceição do Tocantins. Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Investigação epidemiológica. Quais atribuições da Vigilância em Saúde. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Traz as recomendações para a coleta de amostras em situação de óbito. Mostra as medidas de prevenção e controle Precauções padrão, as medidas de isolamento. Transporte do paciente. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to combat the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Conceição do Tocantins. It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Epidemiological investigation. Which attributions of Health Surveillance. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending of samples . It provides recommendations for the collection of samples in situations of death. Shows prevention and control measures Standard precautions, isolation measures. Transporting the patient. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones para combatir el Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Conceição do Tocantins. Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Investigación epidemiológica. Qué atribuciones de la Vigilancia Sanitaria. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), el empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras . Proporciona recomendaciones para la recolección de muestras en situaciones de muerte. Muestra medidas de prevención y control Precauciones estándar, medidas de aislamiento. Transporte del paciente. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la municipalité de Conceição do Tocantins. Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Lignes directrices sur la notification du Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS) Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Enquête épidémiologique. Quelles attributions de la Surveillance de la Santé. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement de Swabde nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), l'emballage, le transport et l'envoi des échantillons . Il fournit des recommandations pour le prélèvement d'échantillons en cas de décès. Affiche les mesures de prévention et de contrôle. Transport du patient. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.

Plano de contingência do município de Divinópolis do Tocantins Novo Coronavírus (Covid-19) / Contingency plan for the municipality of Divinópolis do Tocantins Novo Coronavirus (Covid-19)

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Divinópolis do Tocantins. Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Investigação epidemiológica. Quais atribuições da Vigilância em Saúde. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Traz as recomendações para a coleta de amostras em situação de óbito. Mostra as medidas de prevenção e controle Precauções padrão, as medidas de isolamento. Transporte do paciente. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to combat the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Divinópolis do Tocantins. It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Epidemiological investigation. Which attributions of Health Surveillance. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending of samples . It provides recommendations for the collection of samples in situations of death. Shows prevention and control measures Standard precautions, isolation measures. Transporting the patient. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones de combate al Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Divinópolis do Tocantins. Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Investigación epidemiológica. Qué atribuciones de la Vigilancia Sanitaria. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), el empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras . Proporciona recomendaciones para la recolección de muestras en situaciones de muerte. Muestra medidas de prevención y control Precauciones estándar, medidas de aislamiento. Transporte del paciente. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la municipalité de Divinópolis do Tocantins. Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Lignes directrices sur la notification du Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS) Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Enquête épidémiologique. Quelles attributions de la Surveillance de la Santé. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement de Swabde nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), l'emballage, le transport et l'envoi des échantillons . Il fournit des recommandations pour le prélèvement d'échantillons en cas de décès. Affiche les mesures de prévention et de contrôle. Transport du patient. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.

Plano de contingência do município de Combinado Tocantins: Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19): 1ª versão / Contingency plan for the municipality of Combinado Tocantins: Novo Coronavirus (COVID-19): 1st version

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Combinado Tocantins. Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Investigação epidemiológica. Quais atribuições da Vigilância em Saúde. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Traz as recomendações para a coleta de amostras em situação de óbito. Mostra as medidas de prevenção e controle Precauções padrão, as medidas de isolamento. Transporte do paciente. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

Guides in the campaign for actions to combat Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Combinado Tocantins. It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Epidemiological investigation. Which attributions of Health Surveillance. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending of samples . It provides recommendations for the collection of samples in situations of death. Shows prevention and control measures Standard precautions, isolation measures. Transporting the patient. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Guías en la campaña de acciones de combate al Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Combinado Tocantins. Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Investigación epidemiológica. Qué atribuciones de la Vigilancia Sanitaria. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), el empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras . Proporciona recomendaciones para la recolección de muestras en situaciones de muerte. Muestra medidas de prevención y control Precauciones estándar, medidas de aislamiento. Transporte del paciente. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Guides de la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la commune de Combinado Tocantins. Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Lignes directrices sur la notification du Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS) Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Enquête épidémiologique. Quelles attributions de la Surveillance de la Santé. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement de Swabde nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), l'emballage, le transport et l'envoi des échantillons . Il fournit des recommandations pour le prélèvement d'échantillons en cas de décès. Affiche les mesures de prévention et de contrôle. Transport du patient. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.

Plano municipal de contingência de Crixás do Tocantins novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) 1ª versão / Municipal contingency plan for Crixás do Tocantins new Coronavirus (COVID-19) 1st version

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Crixás do Tocantins. Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Investigação epidemiológica. Quais atribuições da Vigilância em Saúde. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Traz as recomendações para a coleta de amostras em situação de óbito. Mostra as medidas de prevenção e controle Precauções padrão, as medidas de isolamento. Transporte do paciente. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to combat the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Crixás do Tocantins. It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Epidemiological investigation. Which attributions of Health Surveillance. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending of samples . It provides recommendations for the collection of samples in situations of death. Shows prevention and control measures Standard precautions, isolation measures. Transporting the patient. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones de combate al Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Crixás do Tocantins. Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Investigación epidemiológica. Qué atribuciones de la Vigilancia Sanitaria. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), el empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras . Proporciona recomendaciones para la recolección de muestras en situaciones de muerte. Muestra medidas de prevención y control Precauciones estándar, medidas de aislamiento. Transporte del paciente. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la municipalité de Crixás do Tocantins. Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Lignes directrices sur la notification du Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS) Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Enquête épidémiologique. Quelles attributions de la Surveillance de la Santé. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement de Swabde nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), l'emballage, le transport et l'envoi des échantillons . Il fournit des recommandations pour le prélèvement d'échantillons en cas de décès. Affiche les mesures de prévention et de contrôle. Transport du patient. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.

Cuarentena de 14 días para contactos en el contexto del COVID-19: hoja de información bajo monitoreo / 14-day quarantine for contacts in the context of COVID-19: information sheet under monitoring

Detalla el procedimiento para la cuarentena domiciliar de los contactos de una persona infecta por COVID-19.

Plano de contingência do município de Bandeirantes do Tocantins: Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) / Contingency plan for the municipality of Bandeirantes do Tocantins: New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Bandeirantes do Tocantins. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to combat the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Bandeirantes do Tocantins. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending the samples. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones para combatir el Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Bandeirantes do Tocantins. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la municipalité de Bandeirantes do Tocantins. Lignes directrices sur la manière de notifier le Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS). Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire central de santé publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement Swabde nasopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), l'emballage, le transport et l'envoi des échantillons. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.

Plano Municipal de contingência Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) / Municipal contingency plan New Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Barra do Ouro no Tocantins. Traz ações de prevenção e controle da doença de modo oportuno e eficaz diante a identificação de casos suspeitos. Descreve estratégias de identificação oportuna de casos suspeitos, conforme preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS), no sentido de controlar e reduzir a disseminação do Covid-19 no município. Define responsabilidades e prioridades na esfera municipal, assim como também organizar o fluxograma de resposta às emergências em saúde pública. Orienta e recomenda medidas de controle e prevenção da doença, de forma ativa, imediata e oportuna. Define fluxos de referência para atendimento aos casos suspeitos com sintomas respiratórios leves e graves.

He guides in the campaign for actions to fight the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Barra do Ouro in Tocantins. It brings disease prevention and control actions in a timely and effective way when identifying suspected cases. It describes strategies for the timely identification of suspected cases, as recommended by the Ministry of Health (MS), in order to control and reduce the spread of Covid-19 in the municipality. It defines responsibilities and priorities at the municipal level, as well as organizing the flowchart for responding to public health emergencies. It guides and recommends measures to control and prevent the disease, in an active, immediate and timely manner. Defines referral flows to care for suspected cases with mild and severe respiratory symptoms.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones para combatir el Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Barra do Ouro en Tocantins. Aporta acciones de prevención y control de enfermedades de manera oportuna y eficaz en la identificación de casos sospechosos. Describe estrategias para la identificación oportuna de casos sospechosos, según lo recomendado por el Ministerio de Salud (MS), con el fin de controlar y reducir la propagación de Covid-19 en el municipio. Define responsabilidades y prioridades a nivel municipal, así como organiza el diagrama de flujo para responder a emergencias de salud pública. Orienta y recomienda medidas para el control y prevención de la enfermedad, de forma activa, inmediata y oportuna. Define los flujos de derivación para atender casos sospechosos con síntomas respiratorios leves y graves.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la commune de Barra do Ouro à Tocantins. Il apporte des actions de prévention et de contrôle des maladies de manière opportune et efficace lors de l'identification des cas suspects. Il décrit des stratégies pour l'identification rapide des cas suspects, comme recommandé par le ministère de la Santé (MS), afin de contrôler et de réduire la propagation du Covid-19 dans la municipalité. Il définit les responsabilités et les priorités au niveau municipal, ainsi que l'organisation de l'organigramme pour répondre aux urgences de santé publique. Il oriente et recommande des mesures pour contrôler et prévenir la maladie, de manière active, immédiate et opportune. Définit les flux de référence pour prendre en charge les cas suspects présentant des symptômes respiratoires légers et sévères.

Plano municipal de contingência de Brejinho de Nazaré - TO Novo Coronavírus (COVID-19) / Municipal contingency plan of Brejinho de Nazaré - TO Novo Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Orienta na campanha para ações de combate ao Coronavírus (Covid-19) no município de Brejinho de Nazaré no Tocantins. Apresenta quais as definições de casos de infecção humana pelo COVID-19. Orientações de como notificar ao Centro de Informações Estratégicas de Vigilância em Saúde (CIEVS). Quais os períodos de incubação da doença. Fatores sobre a transmissão e tratamento. Investigação epidemiológica. Quais atribuições da Vigilância em Saúde. Orientações para a coleta de amostras no Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Tocantins (LACEN-TO) bem como a técnica de coleta de Swabde nasofaringe e orofaringe (swabs combinados), o acondicionamento, transporte e envio das amostras. Mostra as medidas de prevenção e controle Precauções padrão, as medidas de isolamento. Transporte do paciente. Como se dá a Limpeza e desinfecção de superfícies.

He guides in the campaign for actions to combat the Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the municipality of Brejinho de Nazaré in Tocantins. It presents the definitions of cases of human infection by COVID-19. Guidelines on how to notify the Health Surveillance Strategic Information Center (CIEVS). What are the disease incubation periods. Factors about transmission and treatment. Epidemiological investigation. Which attributions of Health Surveillance. Guidelines for the collection of samples at the Central Laboratory of Public Health of Tocantins (LACEN-TO) as well as the technique of collecting Swabde nasopharynx and oropharynx (combined swabs), packaging, transport and sending of samples . Shows prevention and control measures Standard precautions, isolation measures. Transporting the patient. How to clean and disinfect surfaces.

Orienta en la campaña de acciones para combatir el Coronavirus (Covid-19) en el municipio de Brejinho de Nazaré en Tocantins. Presenta las definiciones de casos de infección humana por COVID-19. Directrices sobre cómo notificar al Centro de Información Estratégica de Vigilancia Sanitaria (CIEVS). Cuáles son los períodos de incubación de la enfermedad. Factores de transmisión y tratamiento. Investigación epidemiológica. Qué atribuciones de la Vigilancia Sanitaria. Lineamientos para la recolección de muestras en el Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) así como la técnica de recolección de Swabde nasofaringe y orofaringe (hisopos combinados), el empaque, transporte y envío de las muestras . Muestra medidas de prevención y control Precauciones estándar, medidas de aislamiento. Transporte del paciente. Cómo limpiar y desinfectar superficies.

Il guide dans la campagne d'actions de lutte contre le Coronavirus (Covid-19) dans la commune de Brejinho de Nazaré à Tocantins. Il présente les définitions des cas d'infection humaine par COVID-19. Lignes directrices sur la manière de notifier le Centre d'information stratégique de surveillance sanitaire (CIEVS). Quelles sont les périodes d'incubation de la maladie. Facteurs de transmission et de traitement. Enquête épidémiologique. Quelles attributions de Surveillance de la Santé. Directives pour le prélèvement d'échantillons au Laboratoire Central de Santé Publique de Tocantins (LACEN-TO) ainsi que la technique de prélèvement Swabde rhinopharynx et oropharynx (écouvillons combinés), emballage, transport et envoi des échantillons . Affiche les mesures de prévention et de contrôle Précautions standard, mesures d'isolement. Transport du patient. Comment nettoyer et désinfecter les surfaces.