ABSTRACT
Presentamos un caso de una mujer de 33 años que consultó por una tumoración palpable y dolorosa en mama izquierda de 3 años de evolución. El diagnóstico se realizó de forma casual por el hallazgo quirúrgico macroscópicamente compatible con un quiste hidatídico de mama. La equinococosis quística aislada de mama es una entidad muy rara. Es un reto lograr un diagnóstico preoperatorio y diferenciarla de otras lesiones mamarias. Hay muy pocos casos publicados y en la mayoría, el diagnóstico de certeza se consigue tras la cirugía, dado que resulta muy complicado sospechar esta patología, únicamente, en base a la exploración clínica y la radiología
We report the case of a 33-year old patient who presented a palpable lump in her left breast for three years. The diagnosis was made by chance by the surgical finding macroscopically compatible with a breast hydatid cyst. Cystic echinococcosis of the breast is a very uncommon disease. It is a challenge to achieve a preoperative diagnosis and to differentiate it from other breast lesions. There are limited reported cases in the literature, and in majority of them the certain diagnosis is obtained postoperatively, since it is complicated to suspect this pathology based solely on clinical examination and radiological investigations
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Breast Diseases/parasitology , Echinococcosis/diagnostic imaging , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Fibrocystic Breast Disease/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Echinococcosis/surgeryABSTRACT
Las publicaciones relacionadas con morbilidad postoperatoria en hidatidosis hepática son escasas y de resultados disímiles. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar factores de riesgo y protectores de morbilidad postoperatoria en pacientes intervenidos por hidatidosis hepática. Se realizó una revisión global de la evidencia, basada en revisiones sistemáticas, ensayos clínicos y estudios observacionales, obtenidos de Trip Database, BVS, SciELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, WoS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, IBECS, ePORTUGUESe, LILACS y WHOLIS. Se identificaron 1.087 artículos relacionados y 69 cumplían criterios de selección (2 revisiones sistemáticas, 3 ensayos clínicos y 64 estudios observacionales). Se identificaron como factores de riesgo la edad, el antecedente de cirugía previa por hidatidosis hepática, la localización centro hepática, la existencia de comunicaciones biliares y complicaciones evolutivas del quiste y como protectores las técnicas quirúrgicas radicales. Se identificaron factores de riesgo y protectores; sin embargo, los estudios son escasos y de calidad moderada a baja (AU)
There are few publications related to postoperative morbidity in hepatic hydatidosis and these have mixed results. The aim of this study was to determine risk and protective factors of postoperative morbidity in patients operated on for hepatic hydatidosis. A comprehensive review was made of the evidence, based on systematic reviews, clinical analyses and observational studies, obtained from the Trip Database, BVS, SciELO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, WoS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, IBECS, ePORTUGUESe, LILACS and WHOLIS. 1,087 related articles were identified; 69 fulfilled the selection criteria (2 systematic reviews, 3 clinical trials and 64 observational studies). Age, history of previous surgery for hepatic hydatidosis, location in the hepatic center, existence of biliary communications and evolutionary complications of the cyst were identified as risk factors, and radical surgical techniques as protective factors. Risk and protective factors were identified; however, the studies are few and the quality moderate to low (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/surgery , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Evidence-Based Practice , Indicators of Morbidity and MortalityABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/complications , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Mediastinal Emphysema/epidemiology , Hydropneumothorax/epidemiologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Zoonoses/diagnosis , Anthelmintics/therapeutic useABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Echinococcosis, Hepatic , Instillation, Drug , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Echinococcus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Muscular Diseases/parasitology , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Muscle Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Brain Diseases/parasitology , Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Echinococcus/pathogenicitySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Laparoscopy/methods , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/surgery , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Echinococcus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La hidatidosis o equinococosis es una enfermedad parasitaria que afecta al riñón de forma excepcional. El diagnóstico se basa en pruebas serológicas y radiológicas como la TAC. Conviene realizar un buen diagnóstico diferencial y distinguir otras tumoraciones quísticas renales. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: A partir de un caso clínico, se revisa la sistemática diagnóstica y las opciones de tratamiento de la hidatidosis renal. RESULTADOS: La TAC es la prueba de imagen más eficaz. La serología no es demasiado útil. La nefrectomía total extraperitoneal es el tratamiento de elección. Debe ser precedida de tratamiento escolicida. Otras opciones son la cirugía parcial y la punción percutánea. CONCLUSIONES: La hidatidosis renal es una rara enfermedad que precisa diagnóstico preciso (TAC). Cuando es sintomática el tratamiento es la nefrectomía. La laparoscopia, retroperitoneoscopia o la punción percutánea se han practicado en casos aislados (AU)
INTRODUCTION: Hydatid disease or echinococcosis is a parasitic disease that affects the kidney by way of exception. The diagnosis is based on serology and radiological tests such as CT. It should make a good differential diagnosis and distinguish other renal cystic tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From a case report, we review the diagnosis and treatment options for renal hydatidosis. RESULTS CT is the imaging more efficient. Serology is not very useful. Concerning the treatment, extraperitoneal nephrectomy is the gold standard. Other options include partial surgery and percutaneous puncture. Medical treatment with Scolicides is applied before and after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Renal hydatid disease is a rare condition that requires accurate diagnosis (TAC). When it is symptomatic nephrectomy is required. Laparoscopy, retroperitoneoscopy and percutaneous punction have been practiced in isolated cases (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Echinococcosis/complications , Kidney Diseases/parasitology , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Zoonoses/transmissionABSTRACT
A hidatidose policística é uma zoonose causada pelo cestóide Echinococcus vogeli, amplamente distribuído no norte do Brasil. Os hospedeiros definitivos são Speothos venaticus (cachorro-vinagre) e Canis familiaris (cães domésticos), enquanto Agouti paca (paca) é hospedeiro intermediário. Tanto as pacas quanto o homem (hospedeiro acidental) desenvolvem a forma larvar (metacestóide), principalmente na superfície e no interior do fígado. Esta tese tem como objetivo geral estudar as características parasitológicas e histopatológicas de metacestóides de E. vogeli, originários de pacas e humanos da região norte do Brasil, visto o conhecimento insuficiente ou mesmo o seu desconhecimento. Os fígados e mesentérios foram obtidos de oito pacientes com hidatidose policística durante ato cirúrgico na Fundação Hospital Estadual do Acre. Pacas foram capturadas no Município de Bujari, Floresta Estadual do Antimary, Acre. Durante a necropsia das pacas, foram observadas lesões macroscópicas (massas esbranquiçadas ou amareladas, semelhantes a bolhas na superfície dos fígados). Para a análise parasitológica foram aplicadas as microscopias de luz, contraste interferencial de Normaski (DIC) e varredura laser confocal. A análise morfométrica foi realizada com o auxílio do Programa Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics. Os órgãos de pacas e humanos foram submetidos à análise histopatológica. Os pequenos e grandes ganchos rostelares apresentaram polimorfismo morfológico, enquanto a organização dos protoescólices acompanhou o padrão descrito para Echinococcus sp. Todas as pacas apresentavam cistos hepáticos, porém em apenas duas encontramos líquido hidático, comprovados pela presença dos ganchos e protoescólices. A análise histopatológica dos tecidos hepáticos das pacas confirmou a hidatidose policística e evidenciou, pela presença de agrupamentos de ovos, a coinfecção com Calodium hepaticum. As características morfológicas dos ganchos rostelares dos casos humanos não diferiram...
Polycystic hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the cestode Echinococcus vogeli, largely distributed in northern Brazil. The definitive hosts are Speothos venaticus (bush dogs) and Canis familiaris (domestic dogs), while Agouti paca (paca) is the intermediate host. Both the pacas and man (accidental host) develop the larval form (metacestodes), mainly on the surface and inside the liver. This thesis aims to study histopathological and parasitological characteristics of metacestodes of E. vogeli, from pacas and humans of the north region of Brazil, seen the insufficient knowledge or lack of it. The mesentery and livers were recovered from eight patients with polycystic hydatidosis during surgery in the Acre State Hospital Foundation. Pacas were captured in the municipality of Bujari, Antimary State Forest, Acre. During the pacas necropsy, macroscopic lesions were observed (whitish or yellowish masses, similar to blisters on the surface of the liver). Identification analyses were applied to light microscopy, interferential contrast microscopy of Normaski (DIC) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Morphometric analysis was performed by Image Pro Plus Media Cybernetics program. The pacas and human organs were subjected to histopathological analysis. The small and large rostellar hooks presented morphological polymorphism while protoscoleces organisation accompanied the pattern described in Echinococcus sp. All pacas presented liver cysts, however in only two found proven by the presence of hydatid fluid, hooks and protoscoleces. Histopathological analysis of pacas hepatic tissues confirmed polycystic hydatidosis and evidenced by the presence of eggs clusters the Calodium hepaticum coinfection. The morphological characteristics of human cases rostellar hooks did not differ from described to the pacas; however, the hooks were greater than the mesenteric ones. Already in relation to protoscoleces, the mesenteric ones were larger than the liver...
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Echinococcus/parasitology , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Rodentia/parasitology , Brazil , Coinfection , Capillaria/isolation & purification , Echinococcus/classification , Echinococcus/isolation & purification , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/parasitology , Liver/parasitology , Gallbladder , Mesentery/parasitology , ParasitologyABSTRACT
La hidatidosis es la zoonosis más frecuente en nuestro medio y afecta principalmente al hígado (60%) y a los pulmones (10-30%). La clínica depende fundamentalmente del tamaño, la localización o las complicaciones como la ruptura al pulmón de los quistes hidatídicos. Su diagnóstico se fundamenta en los estudios de imagen y la serología. El tratamiento de elección es la cirugía. Presentamos un caso clínico de hidatidosis con afectación de las arterias pulmonares principales, pulmonar bilateral y hepática. La presencia de quistes hidatídicos en las arterias pulmonares es una complicación de la hidatidosis hepática o cardíaca, su tratamiento de elección es la endarterectomía, en caso contrario conllevaría al desarrollo de hipertensión pulmonar y mal pronóstico (AU)
Hydatidosis is the most important zoonosis in our environment that affects primarily the liver (60%) and the lungs (10-30%). The clinical effects depend on the localization, the size or the complications associated with the cysts. The diagnosis is based on image studies and on serology. The choice treatment is surgery. We hereby present a clinical case of hydatidosis with affectation of principal pulmonary arteries, both lungs and the liver. Hydatic cysts in the pulmonary artery correspond to a complication of hepatic or cardiac hydatidosis. In that case the choice treatment is endarterectomy, otherwise leading to develop chronic pulmonary hypertension and bad prognosis (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Echinococcosis, Pulmonary/complications , Hypertension, Pulmonary/etiology , Endarterectomy , Echinococcus/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Antecedentes. Hace 30 años se reconoció que las tumoraciones poliquísticas en 13 pacientes autóctonos de países tropicales sudamericanos eran producidos por una nueva especie de parásitos, el Echinococcus vogeli. Ahora se conocen 200 casos en 12 países (desde Panamá hasta Brasil y Perú). Lugar. Cali, Colombia; Nueva Orleans y Seattle, USA. Diseño. Estudio experimental y retrospectivo. Objetivo. Se presenta esta enfermedad a países con zonas tropicales donde la enfermedad aún es desconocida. Métodos. Se estudiaron 78 pacientes. El curso fue crónico, de quistes abdominales, algunos dolorosos, hepáticos, con o sin cirrosis biliar, asociados a lesiones torácicas y mesentéricas. El 85% se localizó en el hígado y el 14% en el pulmón. El diagnóstico se basó en el examen físico, la radiología, la procedencia rural, el conocimiento de la paca, en la convivencia con perros y en la serológica. Conclusiones. El tratamiento se basa en la cirugía y el albendazol. La equinococosis poliquística tropical por el Echinococcus vogeli representa un problema médico severo en América del Sur, con mortalidad del 29%. Los casos diagnosticados representan una pequeña proporción de las infecciones humanas.(AU)
Background. Thirty year ago it was recognized experimentally that polycystic tumors in 13 autochthonous patients from south American countries were produced by a new species: Echinococcus vogeli. As of march 2007, 200 cases were known from 12 countries (from Panamá, Colombia and Venezuela to Brasil and Perú). Places. Cali, Colombia; New Orleans and Seattle, USA. Design. Experimental and retrospective studies. Objective. This disease is presented to the countries with tropical areas, where the illness is steel unknown. Methods. 78 patients were studied. They had cysts, sometime painful, connected with the liver, with or without biliar cirrhosis, associated with pulmonary and mesenteric lesions. 85% in the liver, 14% in the lung. The diagnosis was based in palpation, radiological imaging, rural origin, knowledge of the paca, history of closed contact with dogs and positive serology for echinococcosis. Conclusions. The combination of surgery and albendazol was the most efficient treatment. The tropical polycystic echinococcosis is a severe medical problem in South America with a 29% mortality. The number of diagnosed cases probably only represent a small proportion of the human infections.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Animals , Female , Young Adult , Echinococcus/classification , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/epidemiology , Echinococcosis/etiology , Echinococcosis/therapy , Echinococcosis/complications , Echinococcosis, Hepatic , Diagnostic Imaging , Parasitology , Albendazole/administration & dosage , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Rodentia , Foxes , South AmericaABSTRACT
Antecedentes. Hace 30 años se reconoció que las tumoraciones poliquísticas en 13 pacientes autóctonos de países tropicales sudamericanos eran producidos por una nueva especie de parásitos, el Echinococcus vogeli. Ahora se conocen 200 casos en 12 países (desde Panamá hasta Brasil y Perú). Lugar. Cali, Colombia; Nueva Orleans y Seattle, USA. Diseño. Estudio experimental y retrospectivo. Objetivo. Se presenta esta enfermedad a países con zonas tropicales donde la enfermedad aún es desconocida. Métodos. Se estudiaron 78 pacientes. El curso fue crónico, de quistes abdominales, algunos dolorosos, hepáticos, con o sin cirrosis biliar, asociados a lesiones torácicas y mesentéricas. El 85% se localizó en el hígado y el 14% en el pulmón. El diagnóstico se basó en el examen físico, la radiología, la procedencia rural, el conocimiento de la paca, en la convivencia con perros y en la serológica. Conclusiones. El tratamiento se basa en la cirugía y el albendazol. La equinococosis poliquística tropical por el Echinococcus vogeli representa un problema médico severo en América del Sur, con mortalidad del 29%. Los casos diagnosticados representan una pequeña proporción de las infecciones humanas.
Background. Thirty year ago it was recognized experimentally that polycystic tumors in 13 autochthonous patients from south American countries were produced by a new species: Echinococcus vogeli. As of march 2007, 200 cases were known from 12 countries (from Panamá, Colombia and Venezuela to Brasil and Perú). Places. Cali, Colombia; New Orleans and Seattle, USA. Design. Experimental and retrospective studies. Objective. This disease is presented to the countries with tropical areas, where the illness is steel unknown. Methods. 78 patients were studied. They had cysts, sometime painful, connected with the liver, with or without biliar cirrhosis, associated with pulmonary and mesenteric lesions. 85% in the liver, 14% in the lung. The diagnosis was based in palpation, radiological imaging, rural origin, knowledge of the paca, history of closed contact with dogs and positive serology for echinococcosis. Conclusions. The combination of surgery and albendazol was the most efficient treatment. The tropical polycystic echinococcosis is a severe medical problem in South America with a 29% mortality. The number of diagnosed cases probably only represent a small proportion of the human infections.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Echinococcus/classification , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Echinococcosis/complications , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/epidemiology , Echinococcosis/etiology , Echinococcosis/therapy , Albendazole/administration & dosage , Albendazole/therapeutic use , South America , Parasitology , Diagnostic Imaging , Echinococcosis, Hepatic , Rodentia , FoxesABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Myocardium , Echinococcosis/etiology , Echinococcosis/surgery , Albendazole/therapeutic useABSTRACT
La hidatidosis afecta a la columna y a la pelvis en un60% de los casos, las lesiones en el hueso pueden estarsilentes de 10 a 20 años. Las vesículas progresan agresivamentepor el canal endomedular y sustituyen a las trabéculasóseas sin formar quistes como en las vísceras,por lo que la posibilidad de anafilaxia es rara. La combinaciónde quimioterapia y cirugía facilita el manejoanestésico, reduciendo la incidencia de reacciones anafilácticasy las recidivas de la enfermedad (AU)
Bone echinococcosis affects the spine and pelvis in60% of cases. Bone lesions may be silent for between 10and 20 years. The capsules progress aggressivelythrough the medullary canal and replace the trabecularbone without forming cysts, as occurs in the organs, thusmaking anaplylaxis rare. The combination ofchemotherapy and surgery facilitates anestheticmanagement and reduces the incidence of anaphylacticevents and disease recurrence (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Echinococcosis/surgery , Spine/parasitology , Anaphylaxis/prevention & control , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Low Back Pain/parasitologyABSTRACT
La hidatidosis sigue causando una importante morbimortalidad en diversas partes del mundo. El diagnóstico definitivo de la afectación hepática depende de la combinación de técnicas de imagen y estudios serológicos. El tratamiento de elección continúa siendo la cirugía, especialmente en quistes de gran tamaño o complicados. Presentamos el caso clínico de un paciente de 5 años, a quien se detecta en una exploración rutinaria una masa abdominal localizada en el hipocondrio derecho. Había estado en contacto con un perro que estaba correctamente desparasitado. Mediante ecografía y resonancia magnética nuclear abdominales se diagnostica un quiste hepático de 11 cm de diámetro. La serología confirma la etiología, ya que presenta título de anticuerpos frente a Echinococcus de 1/128. Dado el tamaño del quiste, se opta por un tratamiento quirúrgico mediante quistectomía. Tanto el estudio del líquido quístico (se observan Echinococcus granulosus) como la histología de la pieza quirúrgica son diagnósticas de quiste hidatídico. La evolución clínica de la paciente fue satisfactoria, negativizándose los anticuerpos frente a Echinococcus al año de seguimiento(AU)
Hydatidosis continues to be an important cause of morbimortality in several parts of the world. The definitive diagnosis of the hepatic disease depends on the combination of imaging techniques and serological studies. Surgery continues to be the preferred treatment, especially in the case of large or complicated cysts. We present the clinical case of a 5-year-old patient in whom, during a routine examination, an abdominal mass located in the right hypochondrium was found. The patient had been in contact with a dog that was properly de wormed. Through an ultrasound scan and abdominal NMR imaging a hepatic cyst measuring 11 cm in diameter was diagnosed. The serology confirms the etiology since it shows a titre of antibodies against Echinococcus of 1/128. In view of the size of the cyst the chosen treatment was surgery consisting of a cystectomy. Both the study of the cystic fluid (Echinococcus granulosus are seen) as well as the histology of the surgical specimen are diagnostic of a hydatid cyst. The patients clinical evolution was satisfactory, with the antibodies against Echinococcus becoming negative after the patient had been followed up for a year(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/surgery , Echinococcus/isolation & purification , Diagnosis, Differential , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/pathology , Echinococcosis, Hepatic , Morbidity , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Diagnostic Imaging/trends , Diagnostic ImagingABSTRACT
La enfermedad hidatídica ósea es una entidad infrecuente que representa el 0,5-2,5% de todas las hidatidosis. Las vértebras son los huesos más comúnmente afectados (50%) seguidos de la pelvis (25%) y de los huesos largos (15-25%). Las manifestaciones clínicas aparecen cuando existe una gran destrucción ósea o complicaciones, por lo que el diagnóstico se realiza generalmente en estadios tardíos mediante técnicas de imagen y en ocasiones de manera intraoperatoria. El tratamiento en los casos operables es la extirpación quirúrgica pudiendo asociar tratamiento medico con albendazol. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con hidatidosis ósea, localizada en la pelvis, en ausencia de afectación de otros órganos. El paciente presenta como única manifestación clínica una tumoración inguinal derecha y es intervenido quirúrgicamente ante la sospecha de una hernia inguinal complicada con el hallazgo intraoperatorio de hidatidosis pélvica
Osseous hydatid disease is an infrequent entity that represents 0.5-2.5% of all hydatidoses. The vertebrae are the most commonly affected bones (50%), followed by the pelvis (25%) and the long bones (15-25%). The clinical manifestations appear when there is large scale osseous destruction or complications, which is why the diagnosis is generally made in late stages through imaging techniques and on occasion in an intra-operational form. Treatment in operable cases is by surgical extirpation, which can be associated with medical treatment with albendazol. We present the case of a patient with osseous hydatidosis, localised in the pelvis, with an absence of other affected organs. The only clinical manifestation presented by the patient was an inguinal tumour on the right side. The patient received a clinical intervention facing the suspicion of an inguinal hernia, complicated by the intra-operational discovery of pelvic hydatidosis
Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcus/pathogenicity , Groin/parasitology , Bone Diseases, Infectious/parasitology , Echinococcosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
La hidatidosis humana es una grave zoonosis parasitaria causada por el estadio larvario del cestodo Echinococcus granulosus. La infección puede tener consecuencias fatales si no es tratada adecuadamente, por lo que el diagnóstico temprano de la infección es esencial. Actualmente las técnicas serodiagnósticas más fiables son el análisis inmunoenzimático (ELISA) y el immunoblotting, cuya precisión es en gran medida dependiente de la calidad de la fuente antigénica usada. El líquido hidatídico ha sido el extracto antigénico tradicionalmente utilizado en la serología de la enfermedad, basada en la detección de los antígenos B y 5. Sin embargo, problemas asociados a su estandarización y falta de sensibilidad y especificidad limitan su utilidad diagnóstica. En esta revisión se recogen las novedades más recientes en la identificación y caracterización de antígenos con potencial para el inmunodiagnóstico de la hidatidosis humana, con especial mención a los nuevos antígenos recombinantes y péptidos sintéticos. También se discuten importantes avances como el creciente uso de extractos antigénicos procedentes de otros estadios de desarrollo del parásito, así como la utilidad de la determinación del patrón de citocinas en el seguimiento de la evolución de la infección en pacientes tras tratamiento quirúrgico o farmacológico (AU)
Human cystic echinococcosis is a severe zoonotic infection caused by the larval stage of the taeniid tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus. The infection may be fatal if proper treatment is not provided; hence, early diagnosis is very important. Currently, ELISA and immunoblotting are the most reliable tests for serodiagnositic purposes, although their accuracy is largely dependent on the quality of the antigenic source used. Hydatid cyst fluid has been the antigenic extract of choice for primary immunodiagnosis of the disease, which is mainly based on the detection of antigens B and 5. Several problems are associated with this extract, however, including a lack of sensitivity and specificity, and difficulties with standardization of its use. This paper reviews recent advances in the identification and characterization of novel antigens that may be useful for the immunodiagnosing of human cystic echinococcosis, with emphasis on progress in recombinant technologies and synthetic peptides. Novel approaches are discussed, such as the design of antigenic extracts from other developmental stages of the parasite, as well as the usefulness of serum cytokine detection in the clinical follow-up of affected patients after surgical or pharmacological treatment (AU)