Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 5.377
Filter
1.
J Med Chem ; 67(12): 10248-10262, 2024 Jun 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38848667

ABSTRACT

Herein, we describe the design and synthesis of γ-secretase modulator (GSM) clinical candidate PF-06648671 (22) for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. A key component of the design involved a 2,5-cis-tetrahydrofuran (THF) linker to impart conformational rigidity and lock the compound into a putative bioactive conformation. This effort was guided using a pharmacophore model since crystallographic information was not available for the membrane-bound γ-secretase protein complex at the time of this work. PF-06648671 achieved excellent alignment of whole cell in vitro potency (Aß42 IC50 = 9.8 nM) and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters. This resulted in favorable in vivo pharmacokinetic (PK) profile in preclinical species, and PF-06648671 achieved a human PK profile suitable for once-a-day dosing. Furthermore, PF-06648671 was found to have favorable brain availability in rodent, which translated into excellent central exposure in human and robust reduction of amyloid ß (Aß) 42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease , Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/antagonists & inhibitors , Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases/metabolism , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Humans , Animals , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Rats , Structure-Activity Relationship , Mice , Male , Drug Discovery , Furans/pharmacology , Furans/pharmacokinetics , Furans/chemical synthesis , Furans/chemistry , Furans/therapeutic use , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Brain/metabolism
2.
Planta Med ; 90(7-08): 554-560, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38843795

ABSTRACT

A selective Oxone-induced oxidation of oleocanthal and oleacein, the two main secoiridoids of olive oil, to their bis-oxidized products is described. This protocol is based on a Baeyer-Villiger mechanism and the concentration of Oxone in the final solution. The bis-oxidation of the aldehydic compounds could be extended for the synthesis of various semisynthetic analogs. The obtained acids exhibit strong antioxidant activity, being efficient free radical scavengers.


Subject(s)
Aldehydes , Olive Oil , Oxidation-Reduction , Aldehydes/chemistry , Olive Oil/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Phenols/chemistry , Furans/chemistry , Cyclopentane Monoterpenes/chemistry
3.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 5407, 2024 Jun 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38926359

ABSTRACT

Cycloaddition reactions play a pivotal role in synthetic chemistry for the direct assembly of cyclic architectures. However, hurdles remain for extending the C4 synthon to construct diverse heterocycles via programmable [4+n]-cycloaddition. Here we report an atom-economic and modular intermolecular cycloaddition using furan-fused cyclobutanones (FCBs) as a versatile C4 synthon. In contrast to the well-documented cycloaddition of benzocyclobutenones, this is a complementary version using FCB as a C4 reagent. It involves a C-C bond activation and cycloaddition sequence, including a Rh-catalyzed enantioselective [4 + 2]-cycloaddition with imines and an Au-catalyzed diastereoselective [4 + 4]-cycloaddition with anthranils. The obtained furan-fused lactams, which are pivotal motifs that present in many natural products, bioactive molecules, and materials, are inaccessible or difficult to prepare by other methods. Preliminary antitumor activity study indicates that 6e and 6 f exhibit high anticancer potency against colon cancer cells (HCT-116, IC50 = 0.50 ± 0.05 µM) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells (KYSE-520, IC50 = 0.89 ± 0.13 µM), respectively.


Subject(s)
Cycloaddition Reaction , Cyclobutanes , Furans , Catalysis , Cyclobutanes/chemistry , Humans , Furans/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Cell Line, Tumor , Stereoisomerism , HCT116 Cells
4.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 279: 116460, 2024 Jul 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38781888

ABSTRACT

Furan-containing compounds distribute widely in food, herbal medicines, industrial synthetic products, and environmental media. These compounds can undergo oxidative metabolism catalyzed by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) within organisms, which may produce reactive products, possibly reacting with biomolecules to induce toxic effects. In this work, we performed DFT calculations to investigate the CYP450-mediated metabolic mechanism of furan-ring oxidation using 2-methylfuran as a model substrate, meanwhile, we studied the regioselective competition of another hydroxylation reaction involving methyl group of 2-methylfuran. As a result, we found the toxicological-relevant cis-enedione product can be produced from O-addition directly via a concerted manner without formation of an epoxide intermediate as traditionally believed. Moreover, our calculations demonstrate the kinetic and thermodynamic feasibility of both furan-ring oxidation and methyl hydroxylation pathways, although the former pathway is a bit more favorable. We then constructed a linear model to predict the rate-limiting activation energies (ΔE*) of O-addition with 11 diverse furan substates based on their adiabatic ionization potentials (AIPs) and condensation Fukui functions (CFFs). The results show a good predictive ability (R2=0.94, Q2CV=0.87). Therefore, AIP and CFF with clear physichem meanings relevant to the mechanism, emerge as pivotal molecular descriptors to enable the fast prediction of furan-ring oxidation reactivities for quick insight into the toxicological risk of furans, using just ground-state calculations.


Subject(s)
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Density Functional Theory , Furans , Oxidation-Reduction , Furans/chemistry , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/chemistry , Hydroxylation , Kinetics , Thermodynamics
5.
PLoS One ; 19(5): e0302657, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38787908

ABSTRACT

Ethnopharmacological relevance of Saussurea species for anti-cancer compounds instigated us to develop chemotherapeutic herbal tablets. This study was an ongoing part of our previous research based on the scientific evaluation of Saussurea heteromalla (S. heteromalla) for anti-cancer lead compounds. In the current study, S. heteromalla herbal tablets (500 /800 mg) were designed and evaluated for anti-cancer activity. Arctigenin was found as a bioactive lead molecule with anti-cancer potential for cervical cancer. The in vitro results on the HeLa cell line supported the ethnopharmacological relevance and traditional utilization of S. heteromalla and provided the scientific basis for the management of cervical cancer as proclaimed by traditional practitioners in China. LD50 of the crude extract was established trough oral acute toxicity profiling in mice, wherein the minimum lethal dose was noticed as higher than 1000 mg/kg body weight orally. Chromatographic fingerprint analysis ensured the identity and consistency of S. heteromalla in herbal tablets in terms of standardization of the herbal drug. About 99.15% of the drug (S. heteromalla crude extract) was recovered in herbal tablets (RSD: 0.45%). In vitro drug release profile was found to be more than 87% within 1 h, which was also correlated with different mathematical kinetic models of drug release (r2 = 0.992), indicating that drug release from matrix tablets into the blood is constant throughout the delivery. The dosage form was found stable after an accelerated stability parameters study which may be used for anti-cervical cancer therapy in the future, if it qualifies successful preclinical investigation parameters.


Subject(s)
Plant Extracts , Saussurea , Saussurea/chemistry , Animals , Humans , Mice , HeLa Cells , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Lignans/pharmacology , Lignans/chemistry , Female , Furans/toxicity , Furans/chemistry , Furans/pharmacology , Tablets , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry , Male , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Lethal Dose 50 , Toxicity Tests, Acute , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
6.
Bioresour Technol ; 402: 130805, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38718905

ABSTRACT

Catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH), that employs protic solvents as hydrogen sources to alleviate the use of molecular hydrogen H2, has gained great attention. This work, reports multifunctional, metallic Cu nanoparticles supported ZIF-8 material for CTH of furfural to a highly valued fuel additive, 2-methylfuran (2-MF) using 2-propanol. Of all as-synthesized xCu(yM)/ZIF-8 catalysts with varied NaBH4 concentration (yM) and Cu loading (x), 11Cu(1.5 M)/ZIF-8 exhibited higher catalytic activity with > 99 % FAL conversion and 93.9 % 2-MF selectivity. This is ascribed to its high specific surface area, and existence of optimum amount of Lewis acid-base sites along with Cu0 species, which are responsible for hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol and subsequent hydrogenolysis to produce 2-MF. The present work reports a highly efficient and stable, metal-MOF hybrid material for CTH of FAL to 2-MF, which is one among the best reports available in literature, therewith suggests a promising approach for bio-oil upgradation.


Subject(s)
Copper , Furaldehyde , Furans , Metal Nanoparticles , Zeolites , Furans/chemistry , Catalysis , Hydrogenation , Copper/chemistry , Furaldehyde/chemistry , Furaldehyde/analogs & derivatives , Zeolites/chemistry , Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry , Hydrogen/chemistry
7.
Biomacromolecules ; 25(5): 2792-2802, 2024 May 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38602263

ABSTRACT

Polyesters from furandicarboxylic acid derivatives, i.e., dimethyl 2,5-furandicarboxylate (2,5-DMFDCA) and 2,4-DMFDCA, show interesting properties among bio-based polymers. Another potential heteroaromatic monomer, 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (3,4-BHMF), is often overlooked but holds promise for biopolymer synthesis. Cleaning and greening synthetic procedures, i.e., enzymatic polymerization, offer sustainable pathways. This study explores the Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB)-catalyzed copolymerization of 3,4-BHMF with furan dicarboxylate isomers and aliphatic diols. The furanic copolyesters (co-FPEs) with higher polymerization degrees are obtained using 2,4-isomer, indicating CALB's preference. Material analysis revealed semicrystalline properties in all synthesized 2,5-FDCA-based co-FPEs, with multiple melting temperatures (Tm) from 53 to 124 °C and a glass-transition temperature (Tg) of 9-10 °C. 2,4-FDCA-based co-FPEs showed multiple Tm from 43 to 61 °C and Tg of -14 to 12 °C; one of them was amorphous. In addition, all co-FPEs showed a two-step decomposition profile, indicating aliphatic and semiaromatic segments in the polymer chains.


Subject(s)
Dicarboxylic Acids , Fungal Proteins , Furans , Lipase , Polyesters , Polymerization , Lipase/chemistry , Lipase/metabolism , Furans/chemistry , Fungal Proteins/chemistry , Dicarboxylic Acids/chemistry , Polyesters/chemistry , Polyesters/chemical synthesis , Isomerism , Basidiomycota
8.
Molecules ; 29(8)2024 Apr 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38675609

ABSTRACT

This first study investigated the presence of dioxins and furans in river sediments around a craft village in Vietnam, focusing on Secondary Steel Recycling. Sediment samples were collected from various locations along the riverbed near the Da Hoi Secondary Steel Recycling village in Bac Ninh province. The analysis was conducted using a HRGC/HRMS-DFS device, detecting a total of 17 dioxin/furan isomers in all samples, with an average total concentration of 288.86 ng/kg d.w. The concentrations of dioxin/furan congeners showed minimal variation among sediment samples, ranging from 253.9 to 344.2 ng/kg d.w. The predominant compounds in the dioxin group were OCDD, while in the furan group, they were 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF and OCDF. The chlorine content in the molecule appeared to be closely related to the concentration of dioxins and their percentage distribution. However, the levels of furan isomers did not vary significantly. The distribution of these compounds was not dependent on the flow direction, as they were mainly found in solid waste and are not water-soluble. Although the hepta and octa congeners had high concentrations, when converted to TEQ values, the tetra and penta groups (for dioxins) and the penta and hexa groups (for furans) contributed more to toxicity. Furthermore, the source of dioxins in sediments at Da Hoi does not only originate from steel recycling production activities but also from other combustion sites. The average total toxicity was 10.92 ng TEQ/kg d.w, ranging from 4.99 to 17.88 ng TEQ/kg d.w, which did not exceed the threshold specified in QCVN 43:2017/BTNMT, the National Technical Regulation on Sediment Quality. Nonetheless, these levels are still concerning. The presence of these toxic substances not only impacts aquatic organisms in the sampled water environment but also poses potential health risks to residents living nearby.


Subject(s)
Dioxins , Environmental Monitoring , Furans , Geologic Sediments , Rivers , Steel , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Rivers/chemistry , Vietnam , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Geologic Sediments/analysis , Dioxins/analysis , Steel/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Furans/analysis , Furans/chemistry , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Recycling
9.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 52(9): 5392-5405, 2024 May 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38634780

ABSTRACT

N6-(2-deoxy-α,ß-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamido-pyrimidine (Fapy•dG) is formed from a common intermediate and in comparable amounts to the well-studied mutagenic DNA lesion 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OxodGuo). Fapy•dG preferentially gives rise to G → T transversions and G → A transitions. However, the molecular basis by which Fapy•dG is processed by DNA polymerases during this mutagenic process remains poorly understood. To address this we investigated how DNA polymerase ß (Pol ß), a model mammalian polymerase, bypasses a templating Fapy•dG, inserts Fapy•dGTP, and extends from Fapy•dG at the primer terminus. When Fapy•dG is present in the template, Pol ß incorporates TMP less efficiently than either dCMP or dAMP. Kinetic analysis revealed that Fapy•dGTP is a poor substrate but is incorporated ∼3-times more efficiently opposite dA than dC. Extension from Fapy•dG at the 3'-terminus of a nascent primer is inefficient due to the primer terminus being poorly positioned for catalysis. Together these data indicate that mutagenic bypass of Fapy•dG is likely to be the source of the mutagenic effects of the lesion and not Fapy•dGTP. These experiments increase our understanding of the promutagenic effects of Fapy•dG.


Subject(s)
DNA Polymerase beta , DNA Replication , Formamides , Furans , Pyrimidines , Humans , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA/chemistry , DNA/metabolism , DNA Polymerase beta/metabolism , DNA Polymerase beta/chemistry , Kinetics , Models, Molecular , Pyrimidines/chemistry , Pyrimidines/metabolism , Furans/chemistry , Furans/metabolism , Formamides/metabolism , Mutagenesis
10.
Food Chem ; 451: 139415, 2024 Sep 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38670020

ABSTRACT

The interaction mechanism between soybean protein isolate (SPI) and furan flavor compounds with different structures is studied using spectroscopy, molecular docking, and MD simulation methods. The order of binding ability between SPI and furan flavor compounds is 2-acetylfuran>furfural>5-methylfurfural. The structural differences (position and quantity of methyl groups) of three furan flavor compounds are key factors leading to the different adsorption abilities of SPI for furan flavor compounds. The findings from spectroscopy analyses suggest that the interaction between SPI and furan flavor compounds involves both static and dynamic quenching mechanisms, with static quenching being the main factor. Molecular docking and MD simulations reveal the atomic-level mechanisms underlying the stable binding for SPI and furan flavor compounds at spatiotemporal multiscale. This study provides a theoretical framework for the production and adjustment of meat essence formula in the production of soybean protein-based meat products.


Subject(s)
Flavoring Agents , Furans , Molecular Docking Simulation , Soybean Proteins , Soybean Proteins/chemistry , Adsorption , Furans/chemistry , Flavoring Agents/chemistry , Glycine max/chemistry , Meat Products/analysis , Molecular Dynamics Simulation
11.
Inorg Chem ; 63(16): 7520-7539, 2024 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38590210

ABSTRACT

A new set of binuclear arene ruthenium complexes [Ru2(p-cymene)2(k4-N2OS)(L1-L3)Cl2] (Ru2L1-Ru2L3) encompassing furan-2-carboxamide-based aroylthiourea derivatives (H2L1-H2L3) was synthesized and characterized by various spectral and analytical techniques. Single-crystal XRD analysis unveils the N^O and N^S mixed monobasic bidentate coordination of the ligands constructing N, S, Cl/N, O, and Cl legged piano stool octahedral geometry. DFT analysis demonstrates the predilection for the formation of stable arene ruthenium complexes. In vitro antiproliferative activity of the complexes was examined against human cervical (HeLa), breast (MCF-7), and lung (A549) cancerous and noncancerous monkey kidney epithelial (Vero) cells. All the complexes are more efficacious against HeLa and MCF-7 cells with low inhibitory doses (3.86-11.02 µM). Specifically, Ru2L3 incorporating p-cymene and -OCH3 fragments exhibits high lipophilicity, significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells, and lower toxicity on noncancerous cells. Staining analysis indicates the apoptosis-associated cell morphological changes expressively in MCF-7 cells. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) analyses reveal that Ru2L3 can raise ROS levels, reduce MMP, and trigger mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated apoptosis. The catalytic oxidation of glutathione (GSH) to its disulfide form (GSSG) by the complexes may simultaneously increase the ROS levels, alluding to their observed cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction. Flow cytometry determined the quantitative classification of late apoptosis and S-phase arrest in MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Western blotting analysis confirmed that the complexes promote apoptosis by upregulating Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and downregulating BCL-2. Molecular docking studies unfolded the strong binding affinities of the complexes with VEGFR2, an angiogenic signaling receptor, and BCL2, Cyclin D1, and HER2 proteins typically overexpressed on tumor cells.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Coordination Complexes , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Ruthenium , Thiourea , Humans , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Ruthenium/chemistry , Ruthenium/pharmacology , Coordination Complexes/pharmacology , Coordination Complexes/chemistry , Coordination Complexes/chemical synthesis , Thiourea/chemistry , Thiourea/pharmacology , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Apoptosis/drug effects , Animals , Molecular Structure , Furans/chemistry , Furans/pharmacology , Furans/chemical synthesis , Chelating Agents/chemistry , Chelating Agents/pharmacology , Chelating Agents/chemical synthesis , Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects , Chlorocebus aethiops , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Vero Cells , Structure-Activity Relationship
12.
Bioresour Technol ; 401: 130728, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38657827

ABSTRACT

This study investigated a lignin-first approach to produce furan-modified lignin from sugarcane bagasse (SB), rice hull (RH), and sunn hemp biomass (SHB) using 5 methylfurfural (MF) and 5 methul-2-furanmethanol (MFM). The reaction time (5 h) was selected based on the delignification of SB using methanol and Ru/C catalyst which yielded the highest hydroxyl content. Delignification of SB with various MF weight ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, and 3:1) revealed that 1:1 and 2:1 ratios produced the highest hydroxyl content (7.7 mmol/g) and bio-oil yield (23.2 % wt% total weight). Further exploration identified that RH and MF at 1:1 ratio and SHB and MF at a 2:1 ratio produced the highest hydroxyl content (13.0 mmol/g) and bio-oil yield (31.6 % wt% tot. weight). This study developed a one-step method to extract and modify lignin with furan compounds simultaneously while opening new avenues for developing value-added products.


Subject(s)
Furans , Lignin , Lignin/chemistry , Furans/chemistry , Biomass , Agriculture , Oryza/chemistry , Cellulose/chemistry , Saccharum/chemistry , Biofuels , Waste Products , Cannabis/chemistry
13.
J Agric Food Chem ; 72(17): 10023-10030, 2024 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38630649

ABSTRACT

Some truffles are expensive and, therefore, are prone to food fraud. A particular problem is the differentiation of high-priced Tuber magnatum truffles from cheaper Tuber borchii truffles, both of which are white truffles with similar morphological characteristics. Using an untargeted approach, the volatiles isolated from samples of both species were screened for potential marker compounds by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS) and statistical analysis of the obtained semiquantitative data. Results suggested bis(methylsulfanyl)methane and furan-2(5H)-one as compounds characterizing T. magnatum and T. borchii, respectively. Exact quantitation of both volatiles by conventional one-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in combination with stable isotopologues of the target compounds as internal standards confirmed both as marker compounds. The method is suitable to be used in the routine analysis for the objective species differentiation of T. magnatum and T. borchii.


Subject(s)
Ascomycota , Furans , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Volatile Organic Compounds , Volatile Organic Compounds/chemistry , Furans/chemistry , Furans/analysis , Ascomycota/chemistry , Ascomycota/classification
14.
Structure ; 32(6): 780-794.e5, 2024 Jun 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38503293

ABSTRACT

Base excision repair (BER) is a critical genome defense pathway that copes with a broad range of DNA lesions induced by endogenous or exogenous genotoxic agents. AP endonucleases in the BER pathway are responsible for removing the damaged bases and nicking the abasic sites. In plants, the BER pathway plays a critical role in the active demethylation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) DNA modification. Here, we have determined the crystal structures of Arabidopsis AP endonuclease AtARP in complex with the double-stranded DNA containing tetrahydrofuran (THF) that mimics the abasic site. We identified the critical residues in AtARP for binding and removing the abasic site and the unique residues for interacting with the orphan base. Additionally, we investigated the differences among the three plant AP endonucleases and evaluated the general DNA repair capacity of AtARP in a mammalian cell line. Our studies provide further mechanistic insights into the BER pathway in plants.


Subject(s)
Arabidopsis Proteins , Arabidopsis , DNA Repair , DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase , Models, Molecular , Humans , Arabidopsis/metabolism , Arabidopsis/enzymology , Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry , Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism , Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics , Binding Sites , Catalytic Domain , Crystallography, X-Ray , DNA/metabolism , DNA/chemistry , DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/metabolism , DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/chemistry , Furans/metabolism , Furans/chemistry , Protein Binding
15.
Chem Biodivers ; 21(5): e202301260, 2024 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38513005

ABSTRACT

Microglia are key immune cells in the brain that maintain homeostasis and defend against immune threats. Targeting the dysfunctional microglia is one of the most promising approaches to inhibit neuroinflammation. In the current study, a diverse series of molecular hybrids were designed and screened through molecular docking against two neuroinflammatory targets, namely HMGB1 (2LY4) and HMGB1 Box A (4QR9) proteins. Based on the outcomes of docking scores fifteen compounds; ten furanyl-pyrazolyl acetamides 11(a-j), and five 2,4-thiazolidinyl-furan-3-carboxamide 15(a-e) derivatives were selected for further synthesis, followed by biological evaluation. The selected compounds, 11(a-j) and 15(a-e) were successfully synthesized with moderate to good yields, and structures were confirmed by IR, NMR, and mass spectra. The in-vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated on microglial cells namely BV-2, N-9, HMO6, leukemic HAP1, and human fibroblast cells. Further western-blot analysis revealed that 11h, 11f, 11c, 11j, 15d, 15c, 15e, and 15b compounds significantly suppressed anti-inflammatory markers such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and Bcl-2. All derivatives were moderate in potency compared to reference doxorubicin and could potentially act as novel anti-neuroinflammatory agents. This study can act as a beacon for further research in the application of furan-pyrazole and furan-2,4-thiazolidinediones as lead moieties for anti-neuroinflammatory and related diseases.


Subject(s)
Acetamides , Furans , Molecular Docking Simulation , Humans , Furans/chemistry , Furans/pharmacology , Furans/chemical synthesis , Acetamides/pharmacology , Acetamides/chemistry , Acetamides/chemical synthesis , Structure-Activity Relationship , Microglia/drug effects , Microglia/metabolism , Pyrazoles/chemistry , Pyrazoles/pharmacology , Pyrazoles/chemical synthesis , Molecular Structure , Animals , Mice , Cell Survival/drug effects , Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology , Neuroprotective Agents/chemical synthesis , Neuroprotective Agents/chemistry , Cell Line , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry
16.
Polim Med ; 54(1): 59-69, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38533623

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Today's growing demand for advanced and sustainable polyester materials is driven by an increasing awareness of the environmental impact of traditional materials, emphasizing the need for eco-friendly alternatives. Sustainability has become central in materials development, including the biomedical area, where biobased and environmentally friendly solutions are a rapidly growing field. OBJECTIVES: This research aims to comprehensively evaluate a new enzymatically catalyzed furan-based copolymer, poly(decamethylene furanoate)-co-(dilinoleic furanoate) (PDF-DLF), with a 70-30 wt% hard-to-soft segment ratio. Then, its performance across medical applications is explored, with a particular focus on its potential as a nanofibrous scaffolding material. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PDF-DLF was synthesized from biobased monomers using Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) as the biocatalyst. Material characterization included dynamic mechan­ical thermal analysis (DMTA) to assess the mechanical behavior and thermal properties. Enzymatic degradation studies determined biodegradability, while cytotoxicity tests established in vitro biocompatibility. The copolymer was electrospun into nanofibers, with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) employed to analyze their morphology. RESULTS: PDF-DLF displays mechanical and thermal properties indicating high storage modulus and 2 main temperature transitions. Enzymatic degradation studies and cytotoxicity assessments confirm biodegradability and in vitro biocompatibility. Electrospinning successfully transformed the copolymer into nanofibers with diameters ranging from 500 nm to 700 nm. CONCLUSIONS: This study significantly advances our understanding of sustainable polyesters with versatile processing capabilities. The successful electrospinning highlights its potential as a biodegradable scaffold for medical engineering, supported by biocompatibility and sufficient mechanical properties. It opens new opportunities for sustainable materials in critical biomedical industries, including tissue engineering.


Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials , Fungal Proteins , Furans , Lipase , Furans/chemistry , Lipase/chemistry , Biocompatible Materials/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Materials Testing , Nanofibers/chemistry
17.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 63(19): e202402050, 2024 May 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38488804

ABSTRACT

Germacranolides, secondary metabolites produced by plants, have garnered academic and industrial interest due to their diverse and complex topology as well as a wide array of pharmacological activities. Molephantin, a highly oxygenated germacranolide isolated from medicinal plants, Elephantopus mollis and Elephantopus tomentosus, has exhibited antitumor, inflammatory, and leishmanicidal activities. Its chemical structure is based on a highly strained ten-membered macrocyclic backbone with an (E,Z)-dienone moiety, which is fused with an α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone and adorned with four successive stereogenic centers. Herein, we report the first synthesis of molephantin in 12 steps starting from readily available building blocks. The synthesis features the highly diastereoselective intermolecular Barbier allylation of the ß,γ-unsaturated aldehyde with optically active 3-bromomethyl-5H-furan-2-one intermediate and ensuing Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi (NHK) macrocyclization for the construction of the highly oxygenated ten-membered macrocyclic framework. This synthetic route enabled access to another germacranolide congener, tomenphantopin F. Furthermore, cycloisomerization of molephantin into 2-deethoxy-2ß-hydroxyphantomolin could be facilitated by irradiation with ultraviolet A light (λmax=370 nm), which opened a versatile and concise access to the related furanogermacranolides such as EM-2, phantomolin, 2-O-demethyltomenphantopin C, and tomenphantopin C.


Subject(s)
Oxygen , Oxygen/chemistry , Asteraceae/chemistry , Stereoisomerism , Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane/chemistry , Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane/chemical synthesis , Furans/chemistry , Furans/chemical synthesis , Molecular Structure
18.
J Agric Food Chem ; 72(8): 4384-4392, 2024 Feb 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38354408

ABSTRACT

The linoleic acid reaction models were set at 150 °C for 120 min, and its oxidation process was monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that no furan was formed from linoleic acid without heating, while furan accumulated throughout the heating process. Linoleic acid ran out within 30 min, which indicated that furan was formed mainly from the intermediate oxidation products of linoleic acid after 30 min. It should be noticed that the content of (E,E)-2,4-decadienal reached maximum once the linoleic acid ran out and then decreased with the formation of furan. Multivariate statistical analysis suggested that (E,E)-2,4-decadienal was the most important aldehyde related to furan formation during linoleic acid oxidation. To prove this assumption, the variation of furan from (E,E)-2,4-decadienal reaction models heating at 150 °C for 60 min was also studied. Results showed that the content of furan increased with the oxidation of (E,E)-2,4-decadienal. Furthermore, NMR and GC-MS data proved that (E,E)-2,4-decadienal could be oxidized to 4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal. In conclusion, our results supported (E,E)-2,4-decadienal and trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-decenal as critical intermediate products of furan formation from linoleic acid oxidation.


Subject(s)
Aldehydes , Alkenes , Hot Temperature , Linoleic Acid , Linoleic Acid/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , Furans/chemistry
19.
Bioorg Med Chem ; 100: 117618, 2024 Feb 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38309201

ABSTRACT

The virally encoded 3C-like protease (3CLpro) is a well-validated drug target for the inhibition of coronaviruses including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most inhibitors of 3CLpro are peptidomimetic, with a γ-lactam in place of Gln at the P1 position of the pseudopeptide chain. An effort was pursued to identify a viable alternative to the γ-lactam P1 mimetic which would improve physicochemical properties while retaining affinity for the target. Discovery of a 2-tetrahydrofuran as a suitable P1 replacement that is a potent enzymatic inhibitor of 3CLpro in SARS-CoV-2 virus is described herein.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents , Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors , Furans , Antiviral Agents/chemistry , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Lactams , Peptide Hydrolases , Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protease Inhibitors/chemistry , SARS-CoV-2 , Furans/chemistry , Coronavirus Protease Inhibitors/chemistry
20.
Chemistry ; 30(21): e202400269, 2024 Apr 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38329391

ABSTRACT

Recently, catalytic valorization of biomass-derived furans has received growing interest. 5-Aminomethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (AMFC), a furan amino acid, holds great promise in the aeras of polymer and pharmaceutical, but its synthesis remains limited. In this work, we report a chemobiocatalytic route toward AMFC by combining laccase-TEMPO system and recombinant Escherichia coli (named E. coli_TAF) harboring ω-transaminase (TA), L-alanine dehydrogenase (L-AlaDH) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), starting from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In the cascade, HMF is oxidized into 5-formyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (FFCA) by laccase-TEMPO system, and then the resulting intermediate is converted into AMFC by E. coli_TAF via transamination with cheap ammonium formate instead of costly organic amine donors, theoretically generating H2O and CO2 as by-products. The tandem process was run in a one-pot twostep manner, affording AMFC with approximately 81 % yield, together with 10 % 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) as by-product. In addition, the scale-up production of AMFC was demonstrated, with 0.41 g/L h productivity and 8.6 g/L titer. This work may pave the way for green manufacturing of the furan-containing amino acid.


Subject(s)
Escherichia coli , Furaldehyde/analogs & derivatives , Laccase , Escherichia coli/metabolism , Laccase/chemistry , Amino Acids , Furans/chemistry , Furaldehyde/chemistry , Furaldehyde/metabolism , Dicarboxylic Acids/chemistry
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...