Ellagic acid protected the gingival tissue via fibroblast and epidermal growth factors in rats

Purpose: To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) in gingival tissues injury in rats. Methods: Twenty rats were categorized into two groups. In burn group, an excisional wound area was created by removing a 4-mm diameter flap from the left molar region in the mucoperiosteal region of the gingiva. In burn + ellagic acid group, 1.2 mg/mL EA was administered as irrigation for one week. Animals was sacrificed under anesthesia at the end of experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) level were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) immunostainings were applied to tissues. Results: MDA, MPO, inflammation and leukocyte infiltration were high in burn group. Degeneration epithelium, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in connective tissue areas, and dilatation and congestion in blood vessels were observed in burn group. In burn + EA group, the gingival epithelium improved, collagen fiber production increased and organized dermis were observed. After burn injury, FGF and EGF activity was increased in EA treated groups. Conclusions: We suggest that EA have the potential for better healing outcomes in oral wounds. EA seems to have promising therapeutic efficacy to enhance oral wound healing.

Effect of Consecutive Removal and Placement of Abutments during Prosthetic Procedures on an Increase in Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels around Dental Implants

Objective: To evaluate the effect of repeated removal and placement of abutments during prosthetic stages on increasing proinflammatory cytokine levels around dental implants. Material and Methods: All the patients with dental implants, referring to the prosthodontics private office during a 3-month period, were examined in relation to the health of the implants and included in the present study based on inclusion criteria; the patients had a multi-unit abutment on one side of the jaw and a conventional healing abutment on the implant on the other side of the jaw. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid were taken from all the eligible subjects for immunological analyses. The samples were taken from the sulcus around each implant in each subject. The samples were sent to the immunology laboratory for determination of IL-6 and IL-1ß proinflammatory cytokines with the use of an ELISA kit. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16 and Descriptive statistics and T-test was used. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The results showed that the mean concentrations of IL-1ß and IL-6 in the group with multi-unit abutment were less than those in the conventional abutment group. In addition, comparison of the means of IL-6 and IL-1ß concentrations showed that in both groups the concentration of IL-6 was higher than that of IL-1ß. Conclusion: The use of multi-unit abutments resulted in less inflammation compared to the use of conventional two-segment abutments, which require repeated removal and placement during the prosthetic stage.

The slaughtening causes with dental and gingival lesions in dairy cows within postmortem period

Background: A regular and balanced feeding is essential for the animals in order to maintain their normal physiological function and be productive at the desired level. Digestion activities start with chewing in the mouth and the healthy dental arch is needed to perform a complete chewing function. Abnormal dental development and other dental pathologies impair digestive functions by negatively affecting chewing functions. The aim of the present study was to classified dental anomalies, dental degenerations, dental and gingival lesions seen in dairy cows and was aimed to reveal these lesions and depending on these disorders the reasons for slaughtering in dairy cows.Materials, Methods & Results: The material of this study consists of 600 dairy cows, being slaughtered for a year, and 170 dairy cows, detected dental anomalies, dental degenerations and dental-gingival lesions in the postmortem examination. Detailed macroscopic and radiological examinations of mandibles and maxillae of the dairy cows with dental and gingival lesions in postmortem examination were performed. The detailed information of the cases, such as: age, race, breeding, living region and slaughtering causes, etc. of dairy cows, suffering from dental lesions was recorded from slaughterhouse data access. In this study, 87 cases (51.18%) of the determined dental lesions were defined as dental degeneration, 34 cases (20%) as caries, 30 cases (17.64%) as dental abnormalities in the formation and dental arch and 19 cases (11.18%) as periodontal inflammation.[...](AU)

The slaughtening causes with dental and gingival lesions in dairy cows within postmortem period

Background: A regular and balanced feeding is essential for the animals in order to maintain their normal physiological function and be productive at the desired level. Digestion activities start with chewing in the mouth and the healthy dental arch is needed to perform a complete chewing function. Abnormal dental development and other dental pathologies impair digestive functions by negatively affecting chewing functions. The aim of the present study was to classified dental anomalies, dental degenerations, dental and gingival lesions seen in dairy cows and was aimed to reveal these lesions and depending on these disorders the reasons for slaughtering in dairy cows.Materials, Methods & Results: The material of this study consists of 600 dairy cows, being slaughtered for a year, and 170 dairy cows, detected dental anomalies, dental degenerations and dental-gingival lesions in the postmortem examination. Detailed macroscopic and radiological examinations of mandibles and maxillae of the dairy cows with dental and gingival lesions in postmortem examination were performed. The detailed information of the cases, such as: age, race, breeding, living region and slaughtering causes, etc. of dairy cows, suffering from dental lesions was recorded from slaughterhouse data access. In this study, 87 cases (51.18%) of the determined dental lesions were defined as dental degeneration, 34 cases (20%) as caries, 30 cases (17.64%) as dental abnormalities in the formation and dental arch and 19 cases (11.18%) as periodontal inflammation.[...]

Combined effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles and a dentifrice on plaque removal and gingival abrasion.

Two previous clinical studies evaluated the effect of end-rounded versus tapered bristles of soft manual brushes on the removal of plaque and gingival abrasion. However, the combined effect of an abrasive dentifrice on these outcomes has yet to be understood. The purpose of the present study was to compare the incidence of gingival abrasion and the degree of plaque removal obtained after the use of toothbrushes with tapered or end-rounded bristles in the presence or absence of an abrasive dentifrice. The study involved a randomized, single-blind, crossover model (n = 39) with a split-mouth design. Subjects were instructed to refrain from performing oral hygiene procedures for 72 hours. Quadrants were randomized and subjects brushed with both types of toothbrushes using a dentifrice (relative dentin abrasion = ± 160). Plaque and gingival abrasion were assessed before and after brushing. After 7 days, the experiment was repeated without the dentifrice. The average reduction in plaque scores and the average increase in the number of abrasion sites were assessed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni's post-hoc tests. End-rounded bristles removed significantly more plaque than tapered bristles, regardless of the use of a dentifrice. The dentifrice did not improve plaque removal. In the marginal area (cervical free gingiva), no difference in the incidence of gingival abrasion was detected between toothbrush types when used with a dentifrice (p ≥ 0.05). However, the dentifrice increased the incidence of abrasion (p < 0.001), irrespective of the toothbrush type tested. End-rounded bristles therefore removed plaque more effectively without causing a higher incidence of gingival abrasion when compared with tapered bristles. An abrasive dentifrice can increase the incidence of abrasion, and should be used with caution by individuals who are at risk of developing gingival recession.

Exéresis de linfangioma en encía con electrobisturí / Exeresis of gingival lymphangioma with an electric scalpel

El linfagioma es considerado por la mayoría de los autores como una neoplasia benigna de los vasos linfáticos, que se puede presentar en cavidad oral. El 75 por ciento de los casos se presentan mayormente en la cabeza y el cuello. Cuando la boca se ve afectada, la lengua es el principal órgano que muestra alteraciones clínicas. El propósito de esta presentación fue describir un caso clínico de linfangioma en tejido gingival, tratado exitosamente mediante extirpación quirúrgica con electrobisturí. Se trata de una paciente de 13 años de edad, que acudió a consulta por presentar sangrado a nivel de la encía de molares inferiores derechos. Durante la anamnesis no se detectaron antecedentes familiares ni personales de interés. Los resultados de los exámenes de laboratorio se encontraron en los rangos normales. A partir de los hallazgos clínicos y radiográficos observados, se establecieron como diagnósticos presuntivos: granuloma piógeno, hemangioma o linfangioma. Se realizó fase higiénica con posterior escisión quirúrgica de la lesión empleando electrobisturí. Se efectuó análisis histopatológico. Se estableció como diagnóstico: linfangioma en encía a nivel de órganos dentales 46 y 47. Se obtuvo una cicatrización excelente 15 días después de la intervención. La localización inusual de este tipo de lesiones en la encía, y su tratamiento exitoso con electrobisturí, lo constituyen en un caso interesante, debido a los escasos reportes que sobre él existen en la literatura científica(AU)

To most authors, lymphangioma is a benign neoplasm of lymphatic vessels which may occur in the oral cavity. In 75 percent of the cases it presents in the head and neck. When the mouth is affected, the tongue is the main organ showing clinical alterations. The purpose of the study was to describe a clinical case of lymphangioma of gingival tissue successfully treated by surgical removal with an electric scalpel. A 13-year-old female patient attended consultation with bleeding from the gingival tissue next to the lower right molars. No personal or family antecedents of interest were detected during history taking. Laboratory results were within normal ranges. Based on clinical and radiographic findings, the following diagnoses were tentatively established: pyogenic granuloma, hemangioma or lymphangioma. Upon cleaning up the area, surgical removal of the lesion was performed using an electric scalpel. Histopathological examination was conducted. The following diagnosis was established: lymphangioma of the gingiva at the level of dental organs 46 and 47. Excellent scarring was obtained 15 days after the intervention. The singularity of this case lies in the unusual location of this type of gingival lesion, its successful treatment with an electric scalpel, and the fact that very few reports about the subject can be found in the literature(AU)

Tratamento de mucosite em pacientes usuários de reabilitação implante suportada: relato de caso / Treatment of mucositis in patients using implant supported rehabilitation: case report

Uma das principais causas de insucesso das reabilitações implanto suportada está relacionada à inflamação dos tecidos de sustentação peri-implantar a longo prazo. Mucosites podem ser definidas como alterações inflamatórias reversíveis dos tecidos moles periimplantares que não sofreram perda óssea. O conceito de mucosite alude a uma reação inflamatória de caráter reversível, sem perda óssea, equivalente à gengivite do periodonto. É caracterizada, principalmente, pela dor, sangramento gengival, eritema e ulcerações. A prevalência de complicações após a restauração oral com próteses implantosuportadas é alta. No entanto, existem poucos trabalhos na literatura sobre esse tipo de complicações, o que torna difícil comparar os resultados e avaliar se a presença de problemas protéticos é frequente ou não. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar o relato de caso de mucosite peri-implantar e discutir os principais métodos de tratamento e prevenção desse processo patológico... (AU)

The principal complication causes of failure of implant supported restorations is related to inflammation of the peri-implant tissues support the long term. Mucositis can be defined as reversible inflammatory changes in the peri-implant soft tissues that has not undergone bone loss. The concept of mucositis refers to an inflammatory reaction reversible character without bone loss, equivalent to periodontal gum disease. It is characterized by pain, gingival bleeding, erythema and ulceration. The prevalence of complications after oral restoration with implants supported dentures hybrids is high. However, there are few studies on this type of complications, which makes it difficult to compare results and assess whether the presence of prosthetic problems is frequent or not. This work aims to realize the case of peri-implant mucositis and discuss the main methods of treatment and prevention of this disease process... (AU)

Remoção cirúrgica de fibroma lingual e gengival em crianças / Surgical removal of tongue and gingival fibroma in children

Fibroma é um tumor benigno em que ocorre uma hiperplasia tecidual. Seu nome é característico por apresentar um grande número de células gigantes. O objetivo desse artigo é sequenciar a abordagem de remoção cirúrgica até o encaminhamento para avaliação histológica de dois fibromas, diagnosticados na língua e mucosa gengival em crianças de tenra idade. O prognóstico de cura em caso de presença do fibroma está relacionado à sua correta remoção feita cirurgicamente. Nos casos descritos, a resolução dos tumores foi observada após o período de proservação e cicatrização cirúrgicos.

Fibroma is a benign tumor that occurs the hyperplasia of the tissue. Its name is characteristic for having a large number of giant cells. The purpose of this article is to sequence the approach of surgical removal until referral for histological evaluation of two fibroma diagnosed on the tongue and gingival in children an early age. The prognosis for the cure in case of presence of fibroma is related to its correct removal taken surgically. On the presented cases, the resolution of the tumors was observed after the proservation and healing surgical.

Restauração de lesões cervicais nao cariosas utilizando resinas compostas que mimetizam os tecidos gengivais / Restoration of non-carious cervical lesions using composites that mimic the gingival tissues

A recessão gengival é a migração apical da margem gengival em relação à junção cemento-esmalte (JCE), que torna o sorriso menos atraente. Várias técnicas de cirurgia periodontal são indicadas como tratamento, no entanto, pacientes que rejeitam a opção de cirurgia podem ter a solução por meio do recobrimento radicular com resinas compostas que mimetizam os tecidos gengivais

Gingival recession is the apical migration of the gingival margin in relation to the cement-enamel junction (CEJ), which makes the smile less attractive. Various periodontal surgery techniques are indicated as treatment, however, patients who rejected the option of surgery, may have the solution through roots filling with composite resins that mimic the gingival tissues

Crown-root fracture of fused primary teeth--a case report.

In the primary dentition, traumatic injuries affecting the tooth-supporting structures are common due to increased bone resilience in children. Crown-root fracture, defined as a fracture involving enamel, dentin, and cementum, is uncommon in the primary dentition, comprising only 2% of dental traumas. This article reports the treatment and follow-up of a 2-year-old boy who suffered a traumatic crown-root fracture involving a primary anterior incisor that was fused to a supernumerary tooth.

Fibroma odontogênico periférico: relato de caso de uma lesão rara mimetizando uma lesão reacional / Peripheral odontogenic fibroma: case report of a rare tumor mimicking a gingival reactive lesion

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de um tumor raro imitando uma lesão gengival inflamatória tendo em foco não apenas as suas características, mas realizando um diagnóstico diferencial aprofundado com as lesões inflamatórias; a fim de colaborar para um diagnóstico mais eficiente por parte dos clínicos. Descrição do caso: Um paciente do sexo feminino, de 20 anos de idade apresentava uma massa gengival séssil e assintomática - entre os dentes 32 e 33 - com duração aproximada de 1 ano. Após biópsia excisional, a análise histológica revelou um neoplasma odontogênico caracterizado pela presença de ilhas de epitélio odontogênico aparentemente inativo, localizado em um estroma fibro-mixóide. Características consistentes com o diagnóstico de fibroma odontogênico periférico. Conclusão: O fibroma odontogênico periférico é freqüentemente confundido com uma lesão reacional inflamatória. No entanto, a presença de particularidades de cada lesão pode auxiliar o clínico, a fim de se obter um diagnóstico mais preciso. A biópsia excisional é o tratamento mais indicado. Porém, o prognóstico do fibroma odontogênico periférico pode ser diferente, devido a sua raridade e pouca informação sobre seu acompanhamento de longo prazo.

Purpose: To report a rare tumor mimicking a gingival inflammatory lesion focusing not only on its characteristics, but making a deepened differential diagnosis with inflammatory lesions, in terms to collaborate for an accurate diagnosis as possible by the clinicians. Case description: A 20-year-old woman presented an asymptomatic sessile gingival mass - between teeth 32 and 33 - with 1 year of duration. An excisional biopsy was performed and the histological examination revealed an odontogenic neoplasm characterized by the presence of islands of apparently inactive odontogenic epithelium, in a fibromyxoid stroma; all features consistent with the diagnosis of peripheral odontogenic fibroma. Conclusion: Peripheral odontogenic fibroma is often misdiagnosed as an inflammatory lesion. However, the existence of particularities of each lesion can guide the clinical to a more efficient diagnosis. Excisional biopsy is their treatment of choice, whereas; the peripheral odontogenic fibroma prognosis may be different given its rarity and its few data about long-term follow-up.

Biofilm removal and gingival abrasion with medium and soft toothbrushes.

PURPOSE: To compare the removal of dental biofilm with soft and medium filament toothbrushes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients refrained from performing mechanical or chemical plaque control for 96 hours prior to the experiment in order to allow dental biofilm accumulation on the tooth surfaces. After the period of dental biofilm accumulation, quadrants were randomised and participants brushed different quadrants with soft and medium toothbrushes, with or without dentifrice. After plaque disclosure, the Quigley-Hein (Turesky) plaque index was assessed by a blinded examiner before and after toothbrushing. In addition, photographs before and after brushing were taken for evaluation of gingival abrasion. RESULTS: The results revealed that medium toothbrushes removed high amounts of dental biofilm compared to soft toothbrushes (P < 0.05). Considering gingival abrasion, intergroup analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference on the cervical regions, with a higher proportion of abrasions in the medium toothbrush group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Medium toothbrushes have a greater ability to remove biofilm and cause gingival abrasion than do soft toothbrushes.

Granuloma central de células gigantes / Giant cells central granuloma

El granuloma reparativo central de células gigantes es una lesión proliferativa no neoplásica de etiología desconocida. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 40 años de edad, portador de prótesis parcial superior. Fue remitido al Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital V I Lenin por presentar aumento de volumen en reborde alveolar superior, de color rojo grisáceo y que provocaba expansión de corticales óseas. Una vez analizados los exámenes clínicos, radiográficos e histopatológicos se diagnosticó un granuloma reparativo central de células gigantes Se realizó exéresis quirúrgica de la lesión y extracción de dientes adyacentes con una evolución satisfactoria sin señales de recidivas luego de tres años del tratamiento. El granuloma reparativo central de células gigantes se presentó como respuesta a un trauma. La correcta interpretación de los datos clínicos, radiográficos e histopatológicos nos permitió llegar al correcto diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento(AU)

Giant-cell central reparative granuloma is non neoplastic proliferative lesion of unknown etiology. We report a 40 years old male patient who was admitted at the Maxillofacial Service of the V I Lenin Hospital. The patient had partial upper prosthesis and was complaining of red-grey volume increase lesion in upper alveolar ridge which led to the expansion of cortical bone. Having analyzed clinical, radiographic and histopathological findings the case was concluded as a giant-cell central reparative granuloma. Surgical exeresis and adjunct tooth extraction were done. After three years of treatment, satisfactory follow up without recurrence is reported(AU)

Prevalência e aspectos clínicos de doenças gengivais de origem imune e influência da placa bacteriana na melhora dos sinais e sintomas de lesões gengivais de líquen plano bucal / Prevalence and clinical aspects of gingival diseases of immune origin and influence of plaque in the improvement of signs and symptoms of gingival lesions of lichen planus

O presente projeto de pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar a prevalência, os aspectos clínicos, a severidade e os fatores de risco das manifestações gengivais de doenças de origem imunológica, além de avaliar a efetividade de medidas de controle da placa bacteriana na melhora dos sinais e sintomas de pacientes que apresentam líquen plano bucal com envolvimento gengival. Para isso, foram elaborados três estudos. No primeiro deles, com o objetivo de avaliar a epidemiologia da gengivite descamativa em um Serviço de Medicina Bucal, foram selecionados casos de líquen plano, penfigóide das membranas mucosas, pênfigo vulgar, lupus eritematoso e eritema multiforme com manifestações gengivais, atendidos no Serviço de Medicina Bucal da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara - Unesp, no período de janeiro de 1995 a dezembro de 2004. Dos 4.776 prontuários avaliados, 48 apresentaram lesões de manifestações gengivais, sendo 68.8% mulheres, com idade média de 43.3 anos. As doenças mais comuns encontradas na amostra foram o líquen plano, o penfigóide das membranas mucosas e o pênfigo vulgar. A maioria dos pacientes avaliados apresentava sintomatologia dolorosa (83.3%) e apenas 35.4% dos casos apresentaram lesões restritas à gengiva. Nossos resultados contribuíram para mostrar a importância do diagnóstico precoce e consequentemente do adequado tratamento das manifestações gengivais associadas a doenças de origem imunológica. O Segundo estudo, também retrospectivo, objetivou avaliar a prevalência de lesões gengivais em portadores de líquen plano bucal, bem como os aspectos e fatores de risco associados, a partir de dados de prontuários de pacientes atendidos no mesmo Serviço, no período compreendido entre janeiro de 1995 e dezembro de 2009. Dos 9.475 prontuários analisados, 84 apresentaram...

This research project aims to assess the prevalence, clinical aspects, severity and risk factors of gingival disease of immune origin, and to evaluate the effectiveness of control plaque in the improvement of signs and symptoms of patients lichen planus presenting with gingival involvement. For this, we prepared three studies. In the first, in order to assess the epidemiology of desquamative gingivitis in a Department of Oral Medicine, were selected cases of lichen planus, oral pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, lupus erythematosus and erythema multiforme in the gingiva, the Service's Oral Medicine Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara - UNESP, from January 1995 to December 2004. Of 4,776 records evaluated, 48 had lesions associated with desquamative gingivitis, and 68.8% women, mean age of 43.3 years. The most common disease found in the sample were lichen planus, oral pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris. Much of the patients had painful symptoms (83.3%) and only 35.4% of cases had lesions limited to the gingiva. Despite the small sample size, the results helped show the importance of early diagnosis and consequently the appropriate treatment of diseases associated with desquamative gingivitis. The second study, also retrospective study aimed to assess the prevalence of gingival lesions in patients with lichen planus, as well as the aspects and associated risk factors in medical records of patients attending the same service in the period between January 1995 and December 2009. Of 9,475 charts analyzed, 84 had lichen...

Aspectos periodontais relacionados ao tratamento reabilitador – revisão de literatura / Periodontal aspects related to rehabilitation treatment – a literature review

A interface restauração e tecidos periodontais representa o limite de atuação entre protesista e periodontista sendo essa região área de interesse fundamental no tratamento odontológico. O conhecimento dos parâmetros periodontais específicos, como a avaliação das distâncias biológicas, para sítios de prótese fixa sobre dentes ou sobre implantes deverá ser um procedimento de rotina para os profissionais que se dedicam a essa área. Situações clínicas com términos de preparos intrassulculares nem sempre permitem realizar procedimentos restauradores dentro dos adequados padrões técnicos e biológicos. É consenso na literatura que a qualidade de uma prótese pode ser avaliada pela resposta dos tecidos periodontais ao redor de pilares protéticos ou implantes dentários. Portanto, o conhecimento da anatomia do periodonto é importante para o restabelecimento prévio da saúde periodontal e fundamental para qualquer tratamento restaurador, sendo importante pré-requisito para o sucesso clínico a longo prazo dos tratamentos protéticos.

The relationship between periodontal tissues and restorative dentistry represents the performance limitation between periodontists and prosthodontists and this interface is an area of fundamental interest in dental treatment. Specific knowledge of periodontal parameters, such as evaluation of biological distances to areas on fixed prosthesis or implant, should be routine for the professionals who are dedicated to this area. Clinical situations with preparations of subgingival margin finish frequently do not enable performance restoration procedures within the appropriate technical and biological standards. There is a consensus in the literature that the quality of prosthesis can be evaluated by the response of periodontal tissues around dental implants or teeth. Therefore, knowledge of the anatomy of the periodontium is important to restore periodontal health and fundamental for any restorative treatment, and particularly to ensure long-term clinical success.

Oral myiasis in a captive hippopotamus.

Causes of dental infections can be related to failed dental eruption, malocclusion, abrasion, fractures with or without exposure of the dental pulp, and periodontal disease. Reports of oral myiasis in megavertebrates in captivity are infrequent, perhaps due to the difficulty in observing the oral cavity in such species. This report describes a case of oral myiasis in an adult male hippopotamus in the gingival area and alveolar mucosa of the left mandibular canine tooth.

Alternative treatment modalities for immature intruded permanent incisors: report of 2 cases.

Intrusion of permanent teeth is one of the most severe types of traumatic injuries. Different treatment strategies have been proposed, and the best approach for each case depends on the stage of root development, severity of the intrusive luxation, presence of alveolar fracture and number of intruded teeth. The purpose of this paper is to describe the treatment management of 2 cases of severely intruded immature permanent maxillary central incisors in 7 1/2- and 8-year-old children. In case 1, the traumatized tooth was treated by surgical repositioning, while in case 2 watchful waiting for spontaneous re-eruption was the treatment of choice. Treatment strategies were successful in both cases, as demonstrated by the continuation of root development, maintenance of pulp vitality, and absence of signs of periapical pathosis during the follow-up period. Regardless of the treatment strategy traumatically intruded teeth should undergo periodical clinical and radiographic surveillance on a long-term basis to allow early detection of possible complications.

Differential regulation of MMP-13 expression in two models of experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate expression of MMP-13 during the course of two models experimentally induced periodontal disease in rats. DESIGN: Expression of MMP-13 at mRNA and protein levels was studied, respectively, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Two experimental models were used: LPS injections and ligature placement. 30mug of LPS from Eschericia coli was injected twice a week into the palatal aspect of upper molars. Ligatures were placed at the gingival margin around lower first molars. Controls received injections of PBS vehicle and no ligatures on lower molars. Samples were collected 5, 15 and 30 days after initiation of periodontal disease and processed for extraction of total RNA, total protein, and routinely processed for histology. RESULTS: Both experimental models produced a significant increase on the inflammatory infiltrate that paralleled elevated levels of MMP-13 mRNA and protein at 5 and 15 days. The LPS model was associated with a sustained level of inflammation and increased MMP-13 mRNA throughout the 30 days, whereas the ligature model showed a decrease on the severity of inflammation and MMP-13 mRNA at the 30-day period. Interestingly, MMP-13 protein levels were diametrically contrary to the mRNA levels. CONCLUSION: MMP-13 expression during LPS- and ligature-induced experimental periodontal disease follows the increase on severity of inflammation at the earliest periods. At 30 days, there is a decrease on the severity of inflammation on the ligature model associated with decreased MMP-13 mRNA. There is a lack of transcription-translation coupling of MMP-13 gene in both experimental models.

Gingival peripheral odontoma in a child: case report of an uncommon lesion

Odontoma in an extraosseous location represents a challenge for diagnosis. This article reports a case of peripheral odontoma and its clinical presentation, histological evaluation and treatment. A 12-year-old boy reported a firm asymptomatic gingival mass in the anterior maxilla with two years of evolution. The procedures for diagnosis included intraoral examination, excisional biopsy and histological analysis. The diagnosis was peripheral odontoma. The follow-up revealed no sign of recurrence. Peripheral odontoma is rare and the differential diagnosis with other gingival masses is rather difficult and must include inflammatory and reactive processes. The definitive diagnosis is based on microscopic features.

Sarcoma de kaposi en cavidad oral en 25 pacientes con sida / Sarcoma of kaposi in oral cavity in 25 patients with AIDS

La presente investigación es un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo tipo serie de casos en el cual se analizan las variantes epidemiológicas como: edad, sexo, conducta sexual así como la presentación clínica, asociación con infecciones oportunistas y diagnóstico entre otros. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 90 pacientes con diagnóstico de sarcoma de Kaposi (SK) y SIDA hospitalizados en el Hospital Universitario de Caracas (HUC) desde el año 1984 hasta julio de 1997; de estos 27,77 por ciento (25/90) tenían SK de CO asociado al SIDA, las cuales son objeto del presente análisis. La mayoría de los pacientes, 96 por ciento (24/25), corresponden al género masculino; con sólo 4 por ciento (1/25) en el género femenino; con un rango de edad de 25-44 años y un promedio de 34.5 años; 15 homosexuales (HM), 5 heterosexuales (HTS), 4 bisexuales (BS) y 2 con antecedentes de uso de drogadicción ilícita endovenosa. La primera lesión del SK estaba localizada en piel 72 por ciento de los casos, 12 por ciento en cavidad oral, 8 por ciento en ganglios linfáticos y desconocida en 8 por ciento. La mayoría de las lesiones del SK en CO estaban localizadas en el paladar duro (44 por ciento), seguidas de paladar blando y encía, 5 pacientes tenían compromiso visceral en pulmón y/o gastrointestinal. El contaje de linfocitos CD4 estuvo disponible en 13/25 pacientes, 12 de estos tenían un contaje de linfocitos CD4 menor de 200/mm3; sólo un paciente tenía un contaje de linfocitos CD4 en 327/mm³. El diagnóstico definitivo del SK en CO se realizó en 16/25 (64 por ciento) de los casos; 13 por biópsia y clínica y 3 por autopsia y clínica. Diagnóstico presuntivo por clínica se realizó en 9/25 (36 por ciento), sin embargo, todos esos pacientes tenían lesiones de SK diseminados en piel. Creemos que los resultados de este estudio pueden ser útiles para el conocimiento de esta patología a los diversos especialistas (otorrinolaringólogos, oncólogos, odontólogos, infectólogos, etc), involucrados.