Instrumental piezoeléctrico comparado con sierra convencional en cirugía ortognática / Piezoelectric bone surgery compared to conventional saw in orthognathic surgery

RESUMEN: Introducción: La utilización de instrumental piezoeléctrico en cirugía ortognática ha ido en aumento con el fin de minimizar el riesgo de daño a tejidos blandos en comparación al uso de sierra convencional. Sin embargo, aún existe incertidumbre respecto a las complicaciones asociadas a cada instrumental. Métodos: Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un meta análisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. Resultados y conclusiones: Identificamos cuatro revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron 10 estudios primarios, de los cuales, cuatro corresponden a ensayos aleatorizados. Concluimos que el uso de instrumental piezoeléctrico en comparación con la sierra convencional podría disminuir el riesgo de daño nervioso grave y disminuir el sangrado grave (>500 mL), pero la certeza de la evidencia es baja. Por otra parte, el uso de instrumental piezoeléctrico podría presentar poca o nula diferencia en el dolor postoperatorio, pero la certeza de la evidencia es baja. Finalmente no es posible establecer con claridad si el uso de instrumental piezoeléctrico disminuye la pérdida de sangre intraoperatoria (variable continua), la inflamación postoperatoria o el tiempo operatorio, ya que la certeza de la evidencia existente ha sido evaluada como muy baja.

ABSTRACT: Introduction: The use of piezoelectric bone surgery in orthognathic surgery has been increasing to minimize the risk of soft tissue damage compared to conventional saws. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the complications associated with each instrument. Methods: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed primary studies' data, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. Results and conclusions: We identified four systematic reviews that included 10 primary studies, four of which corresponded to randomized trials. We conclude that the use of piezoelectric instrumentation compared to the conventional saw may reduce the risk of severe nerve damage and decrease severe bleeding (>500 mL), but the certainty of the evidence is low. On the other hand, the use of piezoelectric bone surgery may make little or no difference in postoperative pain, but the certainty of the evidence is low. Finally, we are uncertain whether piezoelectric bone surgery reduces intraoperative blood loss (continuous variable), postoperative inflammation, and operative time, as the certainty of the evidence has been assessed as very low.

Autogenous Dental Transplantation in a Patient Undergoing Class III Dento-Facial Deformity.

Dental transplantation is an alternative for rehabilitation with a high success rate. This article presents a clinical case of autogenous dental transplantation in a 17-year-old male patient undergoing treatment for Class III dento-facial deformity. After 32 months followup, low-cost rehabilitation was possible, and without prejudice to ortho-surgical treatment.

Cirugía ortognática para el tratamiento de las anomalías dentoesqueletales / Orthognathic surgery for the treatment of dentoskeletal abnormalities

Las anomalías dentoesqueletales se presentan en el 2-3% de la población. Las mismas afectan el complejo maxilomandibular como también la relación entre las arcadas dentarias. Estas alteraciones producen problemas fonéticos, deglutorios, respiratorios y estéticos. Existe una tendencia en corregir las alteraciones dentarias sin tratar las discrepancias esqueletales, dificultando la corrección quirúrgica, si esta fuera necesaria. Actualmente, la cirugía ortognática ha tenido mayor aceptación como el tratamiento ideal para pacientes con estas anomalías. Se presentará una revisión de la literatura sobre las características que esta alteración presenta, junto a la resolución de casos clínicos (AU)

Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de fissuras labiopalatinas atendidos por equipe cirúrgica de referência no Estado do Amazonas / Epidemiological profile of patients with orofacial cleft treated by a reference surgical team in the State of Amazonas, Brazil

Introdução: As fissuras labiopalatinas são malformações congênitas e, no Brasil, estima-se a ocorrência de 1:650 nascimentos. A classificação adotada é a de Spina. A queiloplastia e a palatoplastia são as principais cirurgias executadas. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo descritivo com obtenção de dados a partir do sistema Smile Train Express referente a pacientes com fissura labiopalatina atendidos por equipe cirúrgica de referência entre 1 de março de 2014 e 1 de dezembro de 2016. Resultados: Foram identificados 477 pacientes, predominando o sexo masculino e os dois primeiros anos de vida na admissão. A fissura mais prevalente foi transforame e unilateral esquerda. O tratamento cirúrgico mais frequente foi a queiloplastia. Conclusões: O padrão epidemiológico está em consonância com a literatura nacional.

Introduction: Orofacial clefts are congenital malformations with an estimated occurrence of 1:650 births in Brazil. The most widely adopted classification system in that country is the method developed by Spina, and cheiloplasty and palatoplasty are the main surgeries performed. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study using data collected from the Smile Train Express organization regarding patients with orofacial clefts treated by a reference surgical team between March 1, 2014 and December 1, 2016. Results: A total of 477 patients were identified, predominantly male and in the first two years of life at admission. The most prevalent type of malformation was left unilateral transforamen cleft. The most frequent surgical treatment was cheiloplasty. Conclusions: The epidemiological pattern is consistent with the findings described in the national literature.

Postoperative Complications in Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction With Medpor.

Bone reconstruction in craniofacial surgery is a challenge for surgeons, who most commonly adopt the autogenous bone grafting and alloplastic implants in such procedures. Among the alloplastic materials, the high-density porous polyethylene is highlighted-Medpor (Medpor, Porex Surgical Inc, Newman, GA), considered to be pure polyethylene, with only 1 manufacturing process and standard pore size. The purpose of the current study has been to present through a review of literature and the types of complications derived from the use of Medpor in craniomaxillofacial bone surgery. A specific and sensitive database was initially created via PubMed, focusing on studies published in English peer-reviewed journals between 2004 and 2014, including case reports, experimental studies in humans, and prospective and retrospective studies. Forty articles were found at PubMed database. After analyzing their abstracts, 19 were selected, totaling 1453 patients and 121 complications, being the most commonly reported diplopia with 56 patients and infection with 6 patients. Most of the complications reported in the articles used for the development of the current review are not directly related to the use of the Medpor implant. The only complications directly related to the use of this biomaterial were cases of infection.

Anteriorly Based Galeo-Pericranial Frontalis Flap: A Novel Application in Secondary Rhinoplasty With Atrophic Skin.

BACKGROUND: Nasomaxillary dysplasia (Binder syndrome) and cleft are congenital malformations of the midface. Ideally, the nasal deformity is treated from childhood. This approach leads to the need for several surgeries and revisions until full growth is reached. As a result of multiples procedures, the skin over the nasal dorsum sometimes becomes thin, atrophic and could be strongly attached to underlying grafts. For this setting of patients when another rhinoplasty is required, it becomes a technical challenge. The authors describe their experience in complex secondary rhinoplasty performed in patients with thin atrophic skin using the anteriorly based galeo-pericranial frontalis flap (GPFF) to improve the quality of the covering soft tissue along the whole nose skeleton area. RESULTS: Since 2013, 3 female patients; 2 of them with Binder syndrome and 1 cleft lip/palate patient (average 18 years) with previous rhinoplasty (3-6 procedures) are subjected to secondary rhinoplasty using GPFF turning it over the osteochondral nasal framework. Postoperative follow-up was 3 to 18 months. There were no viability complications of the dorsum skin flap in the immediate postoperative period. At long-term follow-up, a visible improvement of local skin conditions and restoration of the nasal contour was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: The anteriorly based GPFF is a well-vascularized versatile flap used extensively in anterior cranial fossa surgery and frontal sinus trauma. Given its known and constant vascular anatomy, this flap is adapted to a new application in complex secondary rhinoplasty, in the presence of atrophic skin with good aesthetic outcomes.

Effect of the use of combination uridine triphosphate, cytidine monophosphate, and hydroxycobalamin on the recovery of neurosensory disturbance after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy: a randomized, double-blind trial.

The change in neurosensory lesions that develop after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) was explored, and the influence of the application of combination uridine triphosphate (UTP), cytidine monophosphate (CMP), and hydroxycobalamin (vitamin B12) on patient outcomes was assessed. This was a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. The study sample comprised 12 patients, each evaluated on both sides (thus 24 sides). All patients fulfilled defined selection criteria. Changes in the lesions were measured both subjectively and objectively. The sample was divided into two patient groups: an experimental group receiving medication and a control group receiving placebo. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Lesions in both groups improved and no statistically significant difference between the groups was observed at any time. 'Severe' injuries in the experimental group were more likely to exhibit a significant improvement after 6 months. Based on the results of the present study, it is concluded that the combination UTP, CMP, and hydroxycobalamin did not influence recovery from neurosensory disorders.

Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 1: planning sequence.

The success of craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery depends not only on the surgical techniques, but also on an accurate surgical plan. The adoption of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) has created a paradigm shift in surgical planning. However, planning an orthognathic operation using CASS differs fundamentally from planning using traditional methods. With this in mind, the Surgical Planning Laboratory of Houston Methodist Research Institute has developed a CASS protocol designed specifically for orthognathic surgery. The purpose of this article is to present an algorithm using virtual tools for planning a double-jaw orthognathic operation. This paper will serve as an operation manual for surgeons wanting to incorporate CASS into their clinical practice.

Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 2: three-dimensional cephalometry.

Three-dimensional (3D) cephalometry is not as simple as just adding a 'third' dimension to a traditional two-dimensional cephalometric analysis. There are more complex issues in 3D analysis. These include how reference frames are created, how size, position, orientation and shape are measured, and how symmetry is assessed. The main purpose of this article is to present the geometric principles of 3D cephalometry. In addition, the Gateno-Xia cephalometric analysis is presented; this is the first 3D cephalometric analysis to observe these principles.

Avaliação estética e condutas terapêuticas relacionadas aos principais perfis faciais / Aesthetic evaluation and therapeutic procedures related to main facial profiles

Introdução: A cirurgia ortognática para correções de deformidades dentofaciais proporciona uma face mais harmoniosa, funcional e estética. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a percepção dos cirurgiões bucomaxilofaciais quanto à estética dos perfis faciais padrões I, II e III, relacionada ao sexo, etnia e às principais condutas terapêuticas. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 18 cirurgiões especialistas ou em formação em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial, utilizando uma ficha clínica padronizada para avaliação estética e condutas terapêuticas de 12 imagens manipuladas simulando os perfis faciais, sexo e raças. Resultados: Quanto à estética, destacaram-se os perfis faciais tipo I, que apresentaram as melhores médias, enquanto os perfis faciais tipo III as menores; entretanto, não houve diferenças significativas entre as médias obtidas nos diferentes perfis faciais em relação ao sexo e à raça. As condutas terapêuticas foram homogêneas nos perfis II e III, com maiores percentuais para condutas clássicas no tratamento ortocirúrgico destas deformidades dentofaciais. Conclusão: O perfil facial I foi o considerado mais estético; então, houve influência do sexo e do tipo racial na estética para a amostra estudada. Os perfis faciais I foram os mais difíceis de avaliar quanto às condutas terapêuticas, o que resultou em grande variedade de opções em relação aos perfis II e III.

Introduction: Orthognathic surgery for correction of dentofacial deformities provides a more-symmetrical face, and functional and aesthetic benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of buccomaxillofacial surgeons regarding the aesthetics of facial profiles patterns I, II, and III in related to sex, ethnicity, and the main therapeutic procedures. Methods: We interviewed 18 specialist surgeons or surgeons in training in buccomaxillofacial surgery by using a standardized clinical report form for aesthetic evaluation and therapeutic procedures of 12 manipulated images simulating facial profiles, sex, and race. Results: As for aesthetics, the highlights were that facial profile type I had the highest mean values, whereas facial profile type III had the lowest mean values. However, no significant differences were found between the mean values obtained in different facial profiles in relation to sex and race. The therapeutic procedures were homogeneous in profiles II and III, with higher percentages for classical procedures in the orthosurgical treatment of these dentofacial deformities. Conclusion: Facial profile I was considered more aesthetic. Furthermore, sex and racial type effects on aesthetics for the studied sample. Facial profiles I were the most difficult to assess as to therapeutic procedures, which resulted in a wide range of options in relation to profiles II and III.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de malformaciones maxilofaciales clase III mediante cirugía ortognatica / Surgical correction of maxillofacial malformations with orthogmatic surgery

Las anomalías de posición y tamaño de los maxilares se presentan en ocasión de su diagnóstico con un caráter llamativo, pero también ambiguo; llamativo por su localización en la región facial y en ocasiones por las grandes proporciones de la anomalía, pero también ambiguo a la hora de concretar el diagnóstico y decidir una terapéutica. Saber cuándo se va a intervenir quirúrgicamente, en que zona del maxilar lo va a hacer, si en el maxilar superior o inferior, o en ambos a la vez. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar la importancia de un correcto diagnóstico y el trabajo interdisciplinario para la planificación quirúrgica para obtener los mejores resultados funcionales y estéticos mediante la presentación de un caso clínico par tal fin

Positional and size anomalies related to the maxillary and mandibular bones occasionally present as both visually impacting as well as ambiguous from a treatmente perspective. Impacting as they are located in the facial region and in occasion due to the magnitude of such, but also ambiguous when it comes to defining a correct diagnosis and deciding on a therapeutical action; knowing when to surgically intervene, which facial region to operate on, upper or lower jaw or both at a time. The objective of this article is to identify the importance of a correct diagnosis and interdiscipinary work reuired to conduct adequate surgical planning resulting on optimal functional and aesthetic results by presenting a clinical case to illustrate such procedure

Tratamiento quirúrgico de malformaciones maxilofaciales clase III mediante cirugía ortognatica / Surgical correction of maxillofacial malformations with orthogmatic surgery

Las anomalías de posición y tamaño de los maxilares se presentan en ocasión de su diagnóstico con un caráter llamativo, pero también ambiguo; llamativo por su localización en la región facial y en ocasiones por las grandes proporciones de la anomalía, pero también ambiguo a la hora de concretar el diagnóstico y decidir una terapéutica. Saber cuándo se va a intervenir quirúrgicamente, en que zona del maxilar lo va a hacer, si en el maxilar superior o inferior, o en ambos a la vez. El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar la importancia de un correcto diagnóstico y el trabajo interdisciplinario para la planificación quirúrgica para obtener los mejores resultados funcionales y estéticos mediante la presentación de un caso clínico par tal fin(AU)

Positional and size anomalies related to the maxillary and mandibular bones occasionally present as both visually impacting as well as ambiguous from a treatmente perspective. Impacting as they are located in the facial region and in occasion due to the magnitude of such, but also ambiguous when it comes to defining a correct diagnosis and deciding on a therapeutical action; knowing when to surgically intervene, which facial region to operate on, upper or lower jaw or both at a time. The objective of this article is to identify the importance of a correct diagnosis and interdiscipinary work reuired to conduct adequate surgical planning resulting on optimal functional and aesthetic results by presenting a clinical case to illustrate such procedure(AU)

Using a clinical protocol for orthognathic surgery and assessing a 3-dimensional virtual approach: current therapy.

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons who perform orthognathic surgery face major changes in their practices, and these challenges will increase in the near future, because the extraordinary advances in technology applied to our profession are not only amazing but are becoming the standard of care as they promote improved outcomes for our patients. Orthognathic surgery is one of the favorite areas of practicing within the scope of practice of an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Our own practice in orthognathic surgery has completed over 1,000 surgeries of this type. Success is directly related to the consistency and capability of the surgical-orthodontic team to achieve predictable, stable results, and our hypothesis is that a successful result is directly related to the way we take our records and perform diagnosis and treatment planning following basic general principles. Now that we have the opportunity to plan and treat 3-dimensional (3D) problems with 3D technology, we should enter into this new era with appropriate standards to ensure better results, instead of simply enjoying these new tools, which will clearly show not only us but everyone what we do when we perform orthognathic surgery. Appropriate principles need to be taken into account when implementing this new technology. In other words, new technology is welcome, but we do not have to reinvent the wheel. The purpose of this article is to review the current protocol that we use for orthognathic surgery and compare it with published protocols that incorporate new 3D and virtual technology. This report also describes our approach to this new technology.

Service profile of Orthognathic Surgery of a medical school.

UNLABELLED: Orthognathic surgeries are very important for both the correction of dentofacial deformities as well as for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Nowadays, most of the population presents some type of morphological and/or functional disorder of the stomatognathic system. AIM: The present study aims at assessing the information from the individuals treated in the Orthognathic Surgical Service of a Medical School. METHODS: Search in medical records - 2004-2008, identification procedures, individual characteristics, malocclusion and surgery. RESULTS: The number of surgical treatments due to dentofacial deformities has been increasing. Maxillary advancement surgery alone comprised the highest number in the sample. CONCLUSION: Orthognathic surgery cases have been increasing in the last years and maxillary advancement alone comprised the highest number of surgical treatments.

Perfil do Serviço de Cirurgia Ortognática de uma escola médica / Service profile of Orthognathic Surgery of a medical school

As Cirurgias Ortognáticas apresentam grande importância para a correção das anomalias dentofaciais e tratamento da Síndrome da Apneia e Hipopneia do Sono - SAHOS. Atualmente observa-se que grande parte da população apresenta algum tipo de desvio morfológico e/ou funcional do sistema estomatognático. OBJETIVO: O presente trabalho visa um estudo do perfil dos indivíduos que foram tratados no Serviço de Cirurgia Ortognática de uma escola médica. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Pesquisa em prontuários - 2004 a 2008 - identificação de procedimentos, características dos indivíduos, maloclusão e cirurgia realizada. RESULTADOS: Esse trabalho mostrou que o número de tratamentos cirúrgicos para a correção das deformidades vem aumentando. As cirurgias de avanço de maxila exclusivamente correspondem ao maior número da amostra. CONCLUSÃO: Tem havido aumento dos casos de cirurgia ortognática nos últimos anos e os avanços de maxila exclusivamente corresponderam ao maior número dos tratamentos cirúrgicos.

Orthognathic surgeries are very important for both the correction of dentofacial deformities as well as for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Nowadays, most of the population presents some type of morphological and/or functional disorder of the stomatognathic system. AIM: The present study aims at assessing the information from the individuals treated in the Orthognathic Surgical Service of a Medical School. METHODS: Search in medical records - 2004-2008, identification procedures, individual characteristics, malocclusion and surgery. RESULTS: The number of surgical treatments due to dentofacial deformities has been increasing. Maxillary advancement surgery alone comprised the highest number in the sample. CONCLUSION: Orthognathic surgery cases have been increasing in the last years and maxillary advancement alone comprised the highest number of surgical treatments.

Oral health-related quality of life in orthognathic surgery patients.

INTRODUCTION: In the last decade, an increasing number of studies focusing on the impact of oral deformities and illnesses on quality of life have been published. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of oral problems on quality of life in 3 groups of adult patients in need of orthognathic-surgical treatment. METHODS: A total of 117 patients were recruited from the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the State University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil: 20 in the initial phase, 70 in the presurgical phase (presurgical orthodontic preparation), and 27 in the postsurgical phase. The impact of treatment phase on oral health-related quality of life was evaluated with the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). OHIP-14 scores were calculated by an additive method, and the participants were divided on the basis of level of impact into 2 groups: high impact (scores, >11) and low impact (scores, < or =11). RESULTS: Compared with patients in the postsurgical phase, those who needed orthognathic surgical treatment but had not yet begun it and those who were in the presurgical phase of treatment were 6.48 and 3.14 times more likely, respectively, to experience a negative impact of their oral condition. CONCLUSIONS: Among those undergoing or anticipating orthognathic-surgical treatment, orthognathic surgery positively affects the patients' quality of life.

Equipo cubano interdisciplinario de cirugía craneofacial en pediatría: Resultados de un quinquenio / Interdisciplinary Cuban staff of craniofacial surgery in Pediatrics: Results from a five-year period

Las deformidades craneofaciales se deben en su mayoría a alteraciones del crecimiento y desarrollo, traumatismos y neoplasias. Con el objetivo de describir el tratamiento quirúrgico integral de estas, se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 46 pacientes tratados por el Equipo Intertidisciplinario de Cirugía Craneofacial del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario Juan M. Márquez en el periodo comprendido entre mayo de 2003 a marzo de 2007. La deformidad más frecuente fue la craneosinostosis (57 por ciento), específicamente la plagiocefalia (17 por ciento). La mayoría de los pacientes fueron de piel blanca (70 por ciento) y se intervinieron entre el 1ro.y 7mo.años de vida (57 por ciento), con una media de 6,3 años. En general no hubo predilección por sexo. Se emplearon 18 diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas. Se presentaron cinco complicaciones durante el posoperatorio (11 por ciento), una defunción (2,2 por ciento), una oftalmoplejía (2,2 por ciento), dos salidas de líquido cefalorraquídeo (4,4 por ciento) y una desaturación por depresión del centro respiratorio (2,2 por ciento). Excepto la oftalmoplejía hubo resolución de las complicaciones en un intervalo de 15 días. Los resultados reportados por este equipo, único de su tipo en el país, son relevantes al compararlos con la literatura internacional

Most of the craniofacial deformities are due to alterations of growth, development, traumata and neoplasms. To describe the integral surgical treatment of above deformities, a cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 46 patients treated by the interdisciplinary staff of craniofacial surgery from the Juan Manuel Márquez University Children Hospital from May, 2003 to March, 2007. The more frequent deformity was the craniosynostosis (57 percent), specifically the plagiocephaly (17 percent). Most of patients were of white race (70 percent) and were operated don between the first and the seventh year of life (57 percent) for a mean of 6,3 years. Generally there wasn't sex predominance. A total of 18 different surgical techniques were used. There were 5 complications during the postoperative period (11 percent), a decease (2.2 percent), a ophthalmoplegia (2.2 percent), two cerebrospinal fluid leakage (4.4 percent) and a desaturation by depression of respiratory center (2.2 percent). With the exception of ophthalmoplegia there was a resolution of complications in a 15 days interval. Results reported by this unique Cuban staff are outstanding compared with international literature