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2.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 89(2): 165-176, abr.-jun. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845092

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la terapia primaria en la crisis de asma aguda, incluye administración de oxígeno, uso de ß2-agonistas por vía inhalada y la administración de esteroides sistémicos. Las ventajas que se citan sobre el uso de los esteroides inhalados serían, su rápido inicio de acción y su buen perfil de seguridad, en contraposición a los esteroides sistémicos. Objetivo: evaluar la utilidad de los corticoides inhalados en el tratamiento de la crisis de asma aguda en niños mayores de 2 años. Métodos: se realizó un estudio prospectivo, transversal, experimental, aleatorizado, de eficacia clínica; la selección se realizó por medio de una tabla de números aleatorios, y se incluyeron tres grupos: el I recibió terapia estándar, el II la sustitución del esteroide sistémico por el inhalado y el III combinó a la terapia estándar el esteroide inhalado. El análisis estadístico se realizó por medio de ANOVA y chi cuadrado con una p< 0,05 como significativa. Resultados: se estudiaron 165 pacientes, los tres grupos de tratamiento mejoraron la escala de severidad inicial. Los pacientes que recibieron esteroides inhalados adicionados a la terapia estándar, tuvieron 73 por ciento de posibilidades de no ser hospitalizados, 27 por ciento de posibilidades de reducir el riesgo de hospitalizaciones y de cada 100 pacientes tratados con la combinación, se pudieran prevenir 8 hospitalizaciones(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Budesonide/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies
3.
Pediatr Pulmonol ; 51(11): 1122-1130, 2016 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27171324

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The ideal dosing of albuterol via metered-dose inhalers for acute childhood asthma is not well established. We hypothesized that greater doses of albuterol would result in less time in the hospital and lower admission rates. METHODS: This was a randomized controlled double-blind multicenter study, conducted in emergency rooms (ER). We included patients with 2-17 years old with moderate to severe acute asthma (Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Measure, PRAM, score ≥5). Dosages administered during the first hour included: 6 (up to 25 kg) or 12 puffs (>25 kg) in the control group and 9 (up to 15 kg), 12 (>15-20 kg), 15 (>20-25 kg), or 18 puffs (>25 kg) in the study group. Several efficacy (changes in PRAM score, pulse oximetry, and FEV1 , length of stay, and admission rates) and safety (albuterol plasma levels, heart rate, serum potassium, glucose and bicarbonate levels, EKG, and tremor rates) outcome measures were assessed. RESULTS: We included 119 patients with similar baseline conditions, and no significant differences were observed between groups in the length of stay (P = 0.48) or admission rate (P = 0.55). No significant differences were observed in FEV1 , PRAM score, and pulse oximetry changes after 1 hr and at discharge or admission. No significant differences were observed in safety outcomes between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Higher albuterol dosage regimens did not result in lower admission rate or shorter length of stay in the ER, but showed similar safety profile for children with moderate to severe acute asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1122-1130. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


Subject(s)
Albuterol/administration & dosage , Asthma/drug therapy , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Metered Dose Inhalers , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Administration, Inhalation , Adolescent , Albuterol/adverse effects , Albuterol/therapeutic use , Asthma/physiopathology , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Double-Blind Method , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Oximetry , Status Asthmaticus/physiopathology , Treatment Outcome
4.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 28(4): 585-598, oct.-dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-52884

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: identificar las diferencias entre la administración de corticosteroides sistémicos parenterales y orales en el tratamiento de la crisis moderada de asma bronquial y el costo de su aplicación. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y aplicado, realizado en 105 pacientes asmáticos que acudieron al hospital pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez, entre el 1 de septiembre de 2009 y el 31 de mayo de 2011. Se organizaron tres grupos: grupo A, se administró hidrocortisona vía intramuscular; grupo B, metilprednisolona intramuscular y grupo C, prednisona oral. La selección y ubicación de los pacientes en los grupos fue al azar. Resultados: la duración de la crisis según vía de administración del corticosteroide fue de 1 a 3 días en 26 (74,3 porciento pacientes del grupo A, 24 (68,6 porciento asmáticos en el grupo B y 32 (91,4 porciento) enfermos en el grupo C. La evolución de la crisis, con respecto a los días de dificultad respiratoria y la duración de la tos nocturna, tuvieron un comportamiento similar en los tres grupos. El costo del corticosteroide sistémico en el grupo A fue 13 veces superior al del grupo C y en el grupo B, fue 35 veces más que el del grupo C. Conclusiones: los corticoesteroides orales e intramusculares tienen la misma respuesta con respecto a la mejoría de los síntomas en pacientes con crisis moderada de asma bronquial. El uso del fármaco por vía oral conlleva un ahorro sustancial para el país y evita los efectos indeseables de la vía intramuscular(AU)


Objective: to determine the differences between the parenteral and the oral administration of systemic corticosteroids in moderate asthma crisis and the cost. Method: prospective and descriptive study performed in 105 patients, who presented with a moderate asthma crisis at Juan Manuel Marquez pediatric hospital from September 1, 2009 through May 31st, 2011. The patients were randomly selected and assigned to one of the following groups: Group A was given hydrocortisone intramuscularly, group B was administered methylprednisolone intramuscularly, and group C was given prednisone orally. Results: the duration of crisis according to the route of administration of corticosteroids was 1 to 3 days in 26 (74.3 percent) patients in group A, in 24 (68.6 percent) of group B, and in 32 (91.4 percent) in group C. The duration of the crisis in terms of the number of days with breathing difficulties and night cough behaved similarly in the three groups. The cost of systemic corticosteroids based on the route of administration was 13 times higher in group A and 35 times higher in group B than in group C. Conclusions: the corticosteroids administered either orally or intramuscularly have the same effects in relation to the improvement of symptoms in patients with moderate asthma crisis. The use of the oral medication means a substantial saving for the country, and at the same time, it avoids the undesired effects of the parenteral route(AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/prevention & control , Status Asthmaticus/diagnosis , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies , Case Reports
5.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 28(4): 585-598, oct.-dic. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-660164

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: identificar las diferencias entre la administración de corticosteroides sistémicos parenterales y orales en el tratamiento de la crisis moderada de asma bronquial y el costo de su aplicación. Métodos: estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y aplicado, realizado en 105 pacientes asmáticos que acudieron al hospital pediátrico Juan Manuel Márquez, entre el 1 de septiembre de 2009 y el 31 de mayo de 2011. Se organizaron tres grupos: grupo A, se administró hidrocortisona vía intramuscular; grupo B, metilprednisolona intramuscular y grupo C, prednisona oral. La selección y ubicación de los pacientes en los grupos fue al azar. Resultados: la duración de la crisis según vía de administración del corticosteroide fue de 1 a 3 días en 26 (74,3 porciento pacientes del grupo A, 24 (68,6 porciento asmáticos en el grupo B y 32 (91,4 porciento) enfermos en el grupo C. La evolución de la crisis, con respecto a los días de dificultad respiratoria y la duración de la tos nocturna, tuvieron un comportamiento similar en los tres grupos. El costo del corticosteroide sistémico en el grupo A fue 13 veces superior al del grupo C y en el grupo B, fue 35 veces más que el del grupo C. Conclusiones: los corticoesteroides orales e intramusculares tienen la misma respuesta con respecto a la mejoría de los síntomas en pacientes con crisis moderada de asma bronquial. El uso del fármaco por vía oral conlleva un ahorro sustancial para el país y evita los efectos indeseables de la vía intramuscular


Objective: to determine the differences between the parenteral and the oral administration of systemic corticosteroids in moderate asthma crisis and the cost. Method: prospective and descriptive study performed in 105 patients, who presented with a moderate asthma crisis at Juan Manuel Marquez pediatric hospital from September 1, 2009 through May 31st, 2011. The patients were randomly selected and assigned to one of the following groups: Group A was given hydrocortisone intramuscularly, group B was administered methylprednisolone intramuscularly, and group C was given prednisone orally. Results: the duration of crisis according to the route of administration of corticosteroids was 1 to 3 days in 26 (74.3 percent) patients in group A, in 24 (68.6 percent) of group B, and in 32 (91.4 percent) in group C. The duration of the crisis in terms of the number of days with breathing difficulties and night cough behaved similarly in the three groups. The cost of systemic corticosteroids based on the route of administration was 13 times higher in group A and 35 times higher in group B than in group C. Conclusions: the corticosteroids administered either orally or intramuscularly have the same effects in relation to the improvement of symptoms in patients with moderate asthma crisis. The use of the oral medication means a substantial saving for the country, and at the same time, it avoids the undesired effects of the parenteral route


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/prevention & control , Asthma/drug therapy , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Status Asthmaticus/diagnosis , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Case Reports , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Prospective Studies
6.
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 27(3): 294-306, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-615493

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la última década han aumentado la morbilidad y la mortalidad por asma bronquial. Se estima que esta enfermedad la padecen actualmente 300 millones de personas en el mundo. En Cuba, el asma bronquial constituye también un importante problema de salud. OBJETIVO: Establecer la relación entre el cumplimiento del tratamiento en periodos intercrisis y la severidad de las manifestaciones clínicas de la enfermedad. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 119 pacientes con diagnóstico de asma bronquial pertenecientes al policlínico Ana Betancourt. Para la recolección de datos se aplicaron cuestionarios de forma individual a los pacientes o a los familiares que están directamente al cuidado de estos. Los pacientes fueron agrupados según la Guía española para el manejo del asma de 2009. RESULTADOS: Se detectaron 23 pacientes asmáticos intermitentes, 42 persistentes leves, 36 persistentes moderados y 18 persistentes graves. El 95 por ciento de los pacientes estudiados desencadenaba la crisis con inhalantes respiratorios. En el 79 por ciento de los hogares se detectó la presencia de fumadores. Solo el 41 por ciento de los pacientes cumplía el tratamiento correctamente en los periodos intercrisis. CONCLUSIONES: Existe una relación directa entre la severidad de las manifestaciones clínicas del asma bronquial y el no cumplimiento del tratamiento intercrisis, lo que puede condicionar la exacerbación de la enfermedad


INTRODUCTION: In past decade the morbidity and mortality from bronchial asthma have increased. This is a diseased suffered nowadays by 300 millions of persons in the world. In Cuba, the bronchial asthma is also an important health problem. OBJECTIVE: To establish the relation between the fulfilment of treatment in inter-crisis period and the severity of the clinical manifestations of this entity. METHODS: A total of 119 patients diagnosed with bronchial asthma from the Ana Betancourt Polyclinic were studied. In data collection authors applied individual questionnaires among patients and relatives this latter directly related to its care. Patients were grouped according to the Spanish Guide for asthma management (SGAM) of 2009. RESULTS: Twenty three intermittent asthmatic patients were detected, 42 were slight persistent, 36 were of persistent moderate type and 18 were severe persistent. The 95 percent of study patient triggered the crisis using respiratory inhalants. In the 79 percent of homes there was presence of smokers. Only the 41 percent of patients fulfils the treatment appropriately during the inter-crisis periods. CONCLUSIONS: There is a direct relation between the severity of the clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma and the non-fulfillment of inter-crisis treatment leading to the disease exacerbation


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Asthma/complications , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Environmental Monitoring/prevention & control , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects
7.
Pulm Pharmacol Ther ; 23(5): 432-7, 2010 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20416389

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE: Treatment of severe asthma may be difficult despite the use of several medications including parenteral corticosteroids. Intravenous magnesium sulfate (MgSO(4)) is one ancillary drug for severe crisis; its inhaled use is controversial. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the usefulness of inhaled MgSO(4) compared to placebo in improving lung function, oxygen saturation, and reducing hospital admission as an adjunct to standard treatment in severe asthma crisis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial with asthmatic patients >18 years of age with asthmatic crisis and FEV(1)<60% of predicted (%p). All subjects received 125 mg of IV methylprednisolone followed by nebulization with the combination of albuterol (7.5mg) and ipratropium bromide (1.5mg) diluted in 3 ml of isotonic saline solution (as placebo) or 3 ml (333 mg) of MgSO(4). After 90 min, subjects with FEV(1)<60%p or SpO(2)<88% or persistent symptoms were admitted to the emergency department (ED). RESULTS: We included 30 patients per group who were similar at baseline. The MgSO(4) group showed higher post-bronchodilator (post-BD) FEV(1)%p (69+/-13 vs. 61+/-12, p<0.014) and SpO(2) (92+/-4 vs. 88+/-5%, p<0.006) than the placebo group. Fewer treated patients were admitted to the ED (5 vs. 13) (p<0.047), with relative risk (RR) of 0.26 (95% CI 0.079-0.870). CONCLUSIONS: Adding inhaled MgSO(4) treatment to standard therapy in severe asthma crisis improves FEV(1)%p and SpO(2) post-BD and reduces the rate of ED admissions.


Subject(s)
Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Magnesium Sulfate/therapeutic use , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Administration, Inhalation , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/administration & dosage , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use , Adult , Albuterol/administration & dosage , Albuterol/therapeutic use , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/adverse effects , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Bronchodilator Agents/therapeutic use , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Forced Expiratory Volume/drug effects , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Ipratropium/administration & dosage , Ipratropium/therapeutic use , Magnesium Sulfate/administration & dosage , Magnesium Sulfate/adverse effects , Male , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Middle Aged , Nebulizers and Vaporizers , Oximetry , Respiratory Function Tests , Spirometry
10.
J Bras Pneumol ; 35(7): 635-44, 2009 Jul.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19669001

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Studies assessing the characteristics and management of patients hospitalized with asthma have been limited to a small number of facilities and have evaluated short time periods. The present study evaluated long-term changes among hospitalized asthma patients at a large number of facilities. METHODS: This was a retrospective, hospital-based observational case series, designated the Study of Severe Asthma in Latin America and Spain, which was conducted in Spain and in eight Latin-American countries. We reviewed the hospital records of 3,038 patients (age range, 15-69 years) hospitalized with acute severe asthma at one of nineteen tertiary-care hospitals in 1994, 1999 and 2004. RESULTS: Over time, the use of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta2 agonists increased significantly, whereas the use of theophylline as a controller medication decreased. The utilization of pulmonary function tests also increased. There was a significant reduction in the mean hospital stay (8.5 days, 7.4 days and 7.1 days in 1994, 1999 and 2004, respectively, p = 0.0001) and a significant increase in the mean of the lowest arterial pH at hospital admission. In contrast, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of cases in which PEF was determined in the emergency room (48.6% in 1994 vs. 43.5% in 2004, p = 0.0001). We found the quality of asthma management and care to be generally better in Spain than in Latin America. CONCLUSIONS: Although there have been certain improvements in the management of asthma between severe exacerbations and during hospitalization, asthma management remains suboptimal in Spain and, especially, in Latin America.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/mortality , Humans , Latin America/epidemiology , Length of Stay , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Spain/epidemiology , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/epidemiology , Status Asthmaticus/mortality , Young Adult
11.
J. bras. pneumol ; J. bras. pneumol;35(7): 635-644, jul. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-521403

ABSTRACT

Objective: Studies assessing the characteristics and management of patients hospitalized with asthma have been limited to a small number of facilities and have evaluated short time periods. The present study evaluated long-term changes among hospitalized asthma patients at a large number of facilities. Methods: This was a retrospective, hospital-based observational case series, designated the Study of Severe Asthma in Latin America and Spain, which was conducted in Spain and in eight Latin-American countries. We reviewed the hospital records of 3,038 patients (age range, 15-69 years) hospitalized with acute severe asthma at one of nineteen tertiary-care hospitals in 1994, 1999 and 2004. Results: Over time, the use of inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting β2 agonists increased significantly, whereas the use of theophylline as a controller medication decreased. The utilization of pulmonary function tests also increased. There was a significant reduction in the mean hospital stay (8.5 days, 7.4 days and 7.1 days in 1994, 1999 and 2004, respectively, p = 0.0001) and a significant increase in the mean of the lowest arterial pH at hospital admission. In contrast, there was a significant decrease in the proportion of cases in which PEF was determined in the emergency room (48.6% in 1994 vs. 43.5% in 2004, p = 0.0001). We found the quality of asthma management and care to be generally better in Spain than in Latin America. Conclusions: Although there have been certain improvements in the management of asthma between severe exacerbations and during hospitalization, asthma management remains suboptimal in Spain and, especially, in Latin America.


Objetivo: Estudos que avaliem as características e o gerenciamento de pacientes asmáticos hospitalizados têm sido limitados a um número pequeno de serviços e a curtos períodos de duração. O presente estudo avaliou alteraçõesde longo prazo de pacientes asmáticos hospitalizados em um grande número de serviços. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo,observacional, de base hospitalar, denominado Estudo sobre Asma Grave na América Latina e Espanha, realizado na Espanha e em oito países da América Latina. Foi realizada uma revisão dos registros hospitalares de 3.038 pacientes (variação de idade, 15-69 anos) hospitalizados com asma aguda grave em um dos 19 hospitais terciários em 1994, 1999 e 2004. Resultados: Ao longo do tempo, o uso de corticosteroides inalatórios e de β2-agonistas aumentou significativamente, ao passo que o uso de teofilina, como medicação de controle, decaiu. A utilização de testes de função pulmonar também aumentou. Houve uma redução significativa da média do tempo de internação (8,5 dias, 7,4 dias e 7,1 dias em 1994, 1999 e 2004, respectivamente; p = 0,0001) e um aumento significativo da média do menor pH arterial na admissão. Em contrapartida, houve uma diminuição significativa na proporção de casos submetidos ao PFE no pronto-socorro (48,6% em 1994 vs. 43,5% em 2004; p = 0,0001). O tratamento e o gerenciamento da asma foram, de forma geral, melhores na Espanha que na América Latina. Conclusões: Embora tenha havido avanços no gerenciamento da asma entre exacerbações graves e durante a hospitalização, esse gerenciamento continua subotimizado na Espanha e, em especial, na América Latina.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Asthma/epidemiology , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Acute Disease , Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/mortality , Latin America/epidemiology , Length of Stay , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Spain/epidemiology , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/epidemiology , Status Asthmaticus/mortality , Young Adult
12.
Acta pediátr. costarric ; 21(1): 33-40, 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637433

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Costa Rica es uno de los países que ocupa una de las más altas prevalencias de asma bronquial en niños y adolescentes reportadas a nivel mundial. Se conoce muy poco sobre la prevalencia del asma grave en niños costarricenses y sobre la forma en que nuestro sistema de salud ha brindado apoyo y seguimiento médico a nivel ambulatorio, una vez que los pacientes pediátricos egresan de una unidad de cuidados intensivos posterior a una crisis asmática grave. Se plantea describir las características demográficas, epidemiológicas, las características clínicas, el plan de manejo ambulatorio, la condición actual y la mortalidad de niños asmáticos que egresaron de unidad de cuidados intensivos luego de una crisis asmática grave. Métodos: Se revisaron, en forma retrospectiva, los expedientes clínicos de todos aquellos niños de ambos sexos, con edades de 6 a 13 años, que egresaron de la unidad de cuidados intensivos con el diagnóstico de crisis asmática grave, entre enero 2000 a diciembre 2006. Posteriormente, en forma prospectiva, se contactó a una muestra de 20 pacientes y sus padres en la consulta externa de Neumología del Hospital Nacional de Niños Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera, donde se aplicó un cuestionario y se realizó una espirometría. Resultados: En total se revisaron 75 expedientes de los cuales 33 eran del género masculino y 42 del género femenino. Más de la mitad de los niños tenían entre 6 y 9 años. La mayoría provenían de San José. El internamiento en la unidad de cuidados intensivos en la mayoría de los niños estuvo entre 2 y 4 días. Casi todos los pacientes eran conocidos asmáticos y recibían tratamiento. La principal indicación para el ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos fue la necesidad de una infusión de salbutamol. Dentro de las drogas administradas en la unidad de cuidados intensivos todos recibieron salbutamol y bromuro de ipratropium en nebulizción. Otras drogas utilizadas fueron los esteroides intravenosos, salbutamol intravenoso, am...


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Albuterol , Asthma , Status Asthmaticus/diagnosis , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/drug therapy , Ipratropium , Pediatrics , Costa Rica
13.
Rev. argent. med. respir ; 8(1): 6-11, mar. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-528647

ABSTRACT

El manejo correcto pre-hospitalario de la crisis asmática sería la medida más provechosa para reducir las muertes por asma. En él influyen el nivel de conocimientos y la aplicación de las guías por parte de los médicos a cargo. Con el objetivo de evaluar la aplicación de guías y su conocimiento, se distribuyó una encuesta anónima a médicos en las reuniones con tele conferencia satelital organizadas por un laboratorio en 2005. La encuesta permitía obtener un puntaje de 0 a 10 para calificar a los participantes. De las 8 regiones del país se obtuvieron 243 encuestas para analizar. El rango del año de graduación fue de 1965 a2005. Los encuestados refirieron atender en total 1523 pacientes en las últimas 4 semanas. El puntaje promedio de toda la muestra fue 7.13 ± 1.83. El promedio más alto fue alcanzado por los neumonólogos (9% del total de encuestados), con una diferencia significativa según el test de Tukey-Kramer de comparación múltiple, entre neumonólogos versus médicos generalistas (6%) y médicos sin especialidad (37%; p<0.05). El 82% manifestó tomar decisiones en base a guías. Aunque, llamativamente, el 50% no usaba medidor de flujo pico; el 45% no administraba anticolinérgicos inhalatorios; el 41% modificaba totalmente sus decisiones ante una crisis asmática en el primer trimestre del embarazo y un 29.5% no indicaba agonistas beta2 inhalados cuando la crisis presentaba un pulso mayorde 120/min. Un 14.9% usaba ansiolíticos sublinguales. La ciudad con mayor puntaje fue Bariloche. Se concluye que exceptuando a los neumonólogos, los resultados de esta encuesta muestran un puntaje no aceptable de calidad de atención pre-hospitalaria.


Asthma mortality could be reduced by improving acute asthma management inpre-hospital setting. Generally, it is difficult to carry out the recommendations of guidelines.In order to assess this issue and the physicians’ knowledge of acute asthma treatment, we designed a score between cero and ten points in a written survey to be distributed during a satellital conference in 8 regions of Argentina in 2005. We collected a total of 243 samples for analysis. Participants assisted a total of 1523 patients in the last 4 weeks. They had been graduated as MD, between 1965 and 2005. The designed score showed a mean 7.13± 1.83. Strikingly, 82% of the inquired participants answered that they follow the guidelines; while 50% did not use Peak Flow Meters. Furthermore, 45% did not administer inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilators. In case of acute asthma and pregnancy 41% absolutely modified their management. When the pulse was greater than 120/min, 29.5% of theparticipants did not indicate inhaled beta2 agonists and 14.9% used sublingua sedatives.Pulmonologists (9% of all participants) achieved a significant higher mean score in comparison with general practitioners. Bariloche city obtained the highest score. We concluded that with the exception of pulmonologists, these results showed an unacceptablequality of the pre-hospital management of acute asthma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Airway Obstruction , Asthma , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/therapy , Acute Disease , Argentina/epidemiology , Data Collection , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Prehospital Care
14.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 53(2): 64-8, 2006.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16884030

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The request in the urgency service for attention in acute asthma is determined by multiple factors as the medical handling, the constancy and the pursuance of the patient in the adequate follow up of the treatment, the climate, the food hygienic habits and the allergies. OBJECTIVE: To determine in one year period, the frequency, recurrence of medical attention for acute asthma and the cost in the hospital urgency service of second level in medical attention. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We made an analysis of a secondary study done in 1999 in pediatric patients younger than 16 years with diagnosis of acute asthma. RESULTS: From 6,912 consultations given in the pediatric emergency area, 2,586 were from acute asthma, the half was 5.2 years old patients, the minimal average time a patient had to stay in the hospital per month was of 7.36 hours in January and the maximum average time was of 22.10 hours in the month of September. Regarding the frequency of attendance in the service for a new event, the following distribution was found: from two to three 25.72%, from 4 to 6 10.1% and from 7 to 15 0.96%. The cost of the attention had a total cost of 5'787,494.82 pesos. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of acute asthma was 41.58% and this figure was considered high in comparison to similar studies. The clinic evolution and the treatment response are related to the age, and, in the study results, the patients younger than 3 years had a longer stay in the hospital, also, there was an increase of patients in the rainy months. The frequency of patients who assisted between 2 or 3 times and the cost was 387,123.00 pesos. That frequency may be due to patients did not receive a long-term treatment provision, or because of ignorance in the initial rescue treatment, ignorance in the factors that raise the sickness, as well as patients not taking their treatment the way it was asked by the doctors. These factors increase the cost, which is feasible to be modifyied, if the patients and their families get acknowledge on the importance of respecting the instructions on the proper way of treating the acute asthma, and all the triggering factors of it.


Subject(s)
Asthma/epidemiology , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Hospital Costs/statistics & numerical data , Acute Disease , Administration, Inhalation , Adolescent , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/economics , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Asthma/drug therapy , Asthma/economics , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Costs , Emergency Service, Hospital/economics , Female , Hospitals, Urban/economics , Hospitals, Urban/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Length of Stay/economics , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Male , Mexico , Patient Compliance , Patient Education as Topic , Recurrence , Seasons , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/economics , Status Asthmaticus/epidemiology
16.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 77(3)jul.-dic. 2005.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-28984

ABSTRACT

Por lo general, no existe una sistematización para clasificar y tratar el episodio agudo de asma bronquial ni para evaluar la evolución de los pacientes. Se realizó un estudio en 142 pacientes de 6 a 15 años de edad, que presentaron episodios agudos de asma bronquial y acudieron a los servicios de urgencias de los Hospitales Pediátricos «William Soler¼ y «Leonor Pérez¼, y del Policlínico «Federico Capdevila¼. A estos pacientes se les aplicó una guía clínica práctica, que incluyó la clasificación de la severidad del episodio agudo y un esquema de tratamiento, basado en la utilización de oxígeno, broncodilatadores inhalados y esteroides orales. Durante el tratamiento, los pacientes se evaluaron con periodicidad. La respuesta al tratamiento fue buena en la mayoría de los casos y el resultado final fue el egreso domiciliario. Ocho de los pacientes requirieron ingreso hospitalario por respuestas al tratamiento incompletas o pobres. La atención del episodio agudo de asma bronquial puede mejorarse con el uso de guías clínicas prácticas de diagnóstico y tratamiento(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy
17.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 77(3)jul.-dic. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-439577

ABSTRACT

Por lo general, no existe una sistematización para clasificar y tratar el episodio agudo de asma bronquial ni para evaluar la evolución de los pacientes. Se realizó un estudio en 142 pacientes de 6 a 15 años de edad, que presentaron episodios agudos de asma bronquial y acudieron a los servicios de urgencias de los Hospitales Pediátricos ®William Soler¼ y ®Leonor Pérez¼, y del Policlínico ®Federico Capdevila¼. A estos pacientes se les aplicó una guía clínica práctica, que incluyó la clasificación de la severidad del episodio agudo y un esquema de tratamiento, basado en la utilización de oxígeno, broncodilatadores inhalados y esteroides orales. Durante el tratamiento, los pacientes se evaluaron con periodicidad. La respuesta al tratamiento fue buena en la mayoría de los casos y el resultado final fue el egreso domiciliario. Ocho de los pacientes requirieron ingreso hospitalario por respuestas al tratamiento incompletas o pobres. La atención del episodio agudo de asma bronquial puede mejorarse con el uso de guías clínicas prácticas de diagnóstico y tratamiento


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Asthma , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy
19.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 51(4): 134-8, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15491077

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The acute asthma crisis in emergency services of second level hospitals represents one of the highest levels of intake, generating a high number of hospitalizations. OBJECTIVE: To determine, in emergency service medical attention, the frequency and direct cost related generated by the hospitalization of pediatric patients with acute asthma crisis in second level attention of Social Security Service (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS). MATERIALS AND METHOD: In 2000, a cohort study was done on pediatric patients with acute asthma crisis in a second level hospital. RESULTS: In the cohort of 2,277 patients, the response to treatment was adequate in 94% (2,141) of the cases, the consultation predominated in September (13.6%) and October (12%). The average patient was 3 years old and the patients were predominantly male (63.4%). The direct cost generated from attending these patients totaled to 342,989.80 USD, the monthly cost average was of 28,582.48 USD. DISCUSSION: The use of health services is an indirect indicator of morbidity, also referred to as the increase of hospitalization and rehospitalization in children between 0 and 4 years old. The knowledge of leading factors, the education on long term control, and the handling of initial rescue in asthmatic patients are modifiable factors that can help reduce the costs generated by the hospitalization of acute cases of this disease.


Subject(s)
Direct Service Costs , Emergency Service, Hospital/economics , Status Asthmaticus/economics , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/economics , Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Direct Service Costs/statistics & numerical data , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Female , Hospitalization/economics , Humans , Infant , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Nebulizers and Vaporizers/economics , Respiratory Therapy/economics , Seasons , Status Asthmaticus/drug therapy , Status Asthmaticus/epidemiology
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