Prevalence of squamous gastric disease in Colombian equids at slaughter: A postmortem comparative study among horses, donkeys and mules.

Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) occurs with variable prevalence in horses, donkeys, and mules. Due to the particularities of the mucous membranes, the syndrome is made up of Squamous Gastric Disease (ESGD) and Glandular Gastric Disease (EGGD). Given the multifactorial nature and multiple classification systems of the syndrome, significant differences have been reported between prevalence studies performed ante mortem, which are even more remarkable when compared with postmortem evaluations. This study aimed to determine the presence and grade of squamous gastric disease in horses, donkeys and mules immediately after slaughter. The postmortem examination considered the inspection of the squamous region (cardia, dorsal fundus, and margo plicatus) and the classification of the observed lesions. The general prevalence of ESGD in the entire population of study was 83.3 % (78 %, 89 %, and 83 % for horses, donkeys, and mules, respectively), compromising the margo plicatus in all cases. 75 % had more than 5 lesions and 50 % had deep lesions, lesions of varying severity and/or evidence of recent/active bleeding. The prevalence of ESGD was similar in horses, donkeys, and mules subjected to similar handling conditions prior to slaughter, including long-distance traveling, fasting, and stress factors.

[Menetrier's disease and its association with gastric hyperplastic polyps]. / Enfermedad de Menetrier y su asociación a pólipos gástricos hiperplásicos.

Menetrier's disease represents a low prevalence clinical entity, characterized by complexity in its diagnosis, particularly due to the need to exclude its potential association with gastric cancer. In this context, we present the clinical case of a 54-year-old male with nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms and hypoalbuminemia. During the upper endoscopy procedure, a noticeable thickening of gastric folds was observed, associated with multiple polypoid lesions in the stomach, predominantly in the fundus and body. Since the patient did not show improvement in symptoms and given the inability to rule out gastric cancer, total gastrectomy was chosen as the treatment. Surgical specimen and histology confirmed the presence of Menetrier's disease.

Helicobacter bizzozeronii infection in a girl with severe gastric disorders in México: case report.

BACKGROUND: Gastric non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters (NHPH) naturally colonize the stomach of animals. In humans, infection with these bacteria is associated with chronic active gastritis, peptic ulceration and MALT-lymphoma. H. bizzozeronii belongs to these NHPH and its prevalence in children is unknown. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report describes for the first time a NHPH infection in a 20-month-old girl with severe gastric disorders in Mexico. The patient suffered from melena, epigastric pain, and bloating. Gastroscopy showed presence of a Hiatus Hill grade I, a hemorrhagic gastropathy in the fundus and gastric body, and a Forrest class III ulcer in the fundus. Histopathologic examination revealed a chronic active gastritis with presence of long, spiral-shaped bacilli in the glandular lumen. Biopsies from antrum, body and incisure were negative for presence of H. pylori by culture and PCR, while all biopsies were positive for presence of H. bizzozeronii by PCR. Most likely, infection occurred through intense contact with the family dog. The patient received a triple therapy consisting of a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin for 14 days, completed with sucralfate for 6 weeks, resulting in the disappearance of her complaints. CONCLUSION: The eradication could not be confirmed, although it was suggested by clear improvement of symptoms. This case report further emphasizes the zoonotic importance of NHPH. It can be advised to routinely check for presence of both H. pylori and NHPH in human patients with gastric complains.

Vascular malformation simulating a gastric subepithelial lesion: The risks of the bite-on-bite biopsy technique.

We present a case of a healthy 64-year-old man whose endoscopy showed an irregular subepithelial lesion in the gastric antrum. This lesion was covered by normal mucosa. Biopsies were taken by a bite-on-bite technique. After biopsies, the patient developed arterial bleeding, which was controlled. The anatomopathological study showed a tortuous artery in the submucosa, with a marked hyperplasia of the intima and the internal elastic lamina. These findings were consistent with a gastric arteriovenous malformation versus a Dieulafoy's lesion. This case demonstrates the risk of the bite-on-bite biopsy technique. In our country we have endoscopic ultrasound to assess these lesions, however its availability is low.

Transtornos alimentares: vivências de mulheres acima de 30 anos / Eating disorders: experiences of women aged over 30 years / Trastornos alimentarios: experiencias de mujeres de más de 30 años

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender como mulheres adultas (acima de 30 anos) diagnosticadas com transtornos alimentares (TAs) vivenciam o adoecer. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, desenvolvido com base no referencial teórico-metodológico da Análise Fenomenológica Interpretativa (AFI). Participaram seis mulheres, com idades entre 34 e 65 anos, atendidas em um serviço especializado. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista aberta, de inspiração fenomenológica, na modalidade remota. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas e analisadas seguindo os passos da AFI. Duas categorias temáticas foram identificadas: "Vivendo antes do adoecer" e "Encontrando-se doente." Constatou-se que os sintomas tiveram início anteriormente à vida adulta e que houve dificuldade na confirmação do diagnóstico. Na perspectiva das participantes, conviver com a sintomatologia ficou mais complicado em função de particularidades de manejo dos sintomas na vida adulta, e a idade é percebida como um fator que impacta e dificulta ainda mais a recuperação. As participantes relataram desesperança em relação ao futuro, apesar de a maioria reconhecer melhoras no quadro clínico ao longo do tempo e de valorizar a relação de confiança estabelecida com a equipe multiprofissional.(AU)

This study aimed to understand the experience of illness of adult women (over 30 years) diagnosed with eating disorders (ED). This is a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory study, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as theoretical and methodological framework. A sample of six women aged 34-64 years, assisted in a specialized service, were recruited to complete a phenomenological in-depth open interview. The data were remotely collected. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed following the IPA. Two thematic categories were identified: "Living before the illness" and "Finding about the illness." It was found that the symptoms started before adulthood and that there was difficulty establishing the diagnosis. Living with the symptoms became more complicated due to particularities of symptom management in adulthood and age is perceived as a factor that impacts recovery and makes it even more difficult. The participants reported hopelessness about the future, although most recognized improvements in the clinical condition over time and valued the trusting relationship they established with the multiprofessional team.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender las experiencias de las mujeres adultas (mayores de 30 años) diagnosticadas con trastornos alimentarios (TA) respecto a la enfermedad. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, desarrollado a partir del marco teórico y metodológico del Análisis Fenomenológico Interpretativo (AFI). Participaron seis mujeres, con edades de entre 34 y 65 años, atendidas en un servicio especializado. Los datos se recogieron mediante entrevistas abiertas, de inspiración fenomenológica, en la modalidad a distancia. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas en audio, transcritas y analizadas siguiendo los pasos del AFI. Se identificaron dos categorías temáticas: "Vivir antes de enfermar" y "Encontrarse enfermo." Se constató que los síntomas comenzaron antes de la edad adulta y que hubo dificultades de establecer el diagnóstico. La convivencia con síntomas se complicó debido a las particularidades del manejo de los síntomas en la vida adulta y la edad se percibe como un factor que influye y dificulta aún más la recuperación. Los participantes manifestaron desesperanza sobre el futuro, aunque reconocieron mejoras en el cuadro clínico con el paso del tiempo y valoraron la relación de confianza establecida con el equipo multiprofesional.(AU)

Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction and Hiatal Hernia: Is Hernia Repair Alone Sufficient?

Introduction: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is attributed to primary/idiopathic causes or secondary/mechanical causes, including hiatal hernias (HH). While patients with HH and EGJOO (HH+EGJOO) may undergo HH repair without myotomy, it is unclear if an underlying motility disorder is missed by therapy which addresses only the secondary EGJOO cause. The goal of this study was to determine if HH repair alone is sufficient management for HH+EGJOO patients. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent HH repair between January 1, 2016 and January 31, 2020 was performed. Patients who underwent high-resolution esophageal manometry(HREM) within one year before HH repair were included. Patients with and without EGJOO on pre-operative HREM were compared. Results: Sixty-three patients were identified. Pre-operative HREM findings included: 43 (68.3%) normal, 13 (20.6%) EGJOO, 4 (6.3%) minor disorder or peristalsis, 2 (3.2%) achalasia, and 1 (1.6%) major disorder of peristalsis. No differences between patients with EGJOO or normal findings on pre-operative manometry were found in pre-operative demographics/risk factors, pre-operative symptoms, and pre-operative HREM, except higher integrated relaxation pressure in EGJOO patients. No differences were noted in length of stay, 30-day complications, long-term persistent symptoms, or recurrence with mean follow-up of 26-months. Of the 3 (23.1%) EGJOO patients with persistent symptoms, 2 underwent HREM demonstrating persistent EGJOO and none required endoscopic/surgical myotomy. Conclusion: Most HH+EGJOO patients experienced symptom resolution following HH repair alone and none required additional intervention to address a missed primary motility disorder. Further study is required to determine optimal management of patients with persistent EGJOO following HH repair.

Reduced mastication is a risk factor for Rome IV postprandial distress syndrome in patients investigated with upper endoscopy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Reduced mastication could force the stomach to do extra work on crushing food and contribute to dyspeptic symptoms. This study aimed to assess the relationship between mastication and dyspepsia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 209 consecutive patients referred for elective upper endoscopy. Before endoscopy, an expert dentist performed an oral examination and scored chewing function in three levels (normal, regular, and reduced), and applied questionnaires for assessment of dyspepsia (Rome IV), xerostomia, and mastication (normal, regular, and reduced). A reduced masticatory function was defined when an oral examination or mastication questionnaire rated the chewing as poor. Associations between mastication, confounders, and dyspepsia were estimated by prevalence ratio [PR (95% Confidence Interval)] using Poisson regression. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients showed relevant organic conditions in the upper gastrointestinal tract (moderate to severe reflux oesophagitis, peptic ulcer, neoplasia, and surgical modification) and were excluded. Among 175 patients with non-organic diseases (aging 51.3 ± 15.7 years; 61.7% women), 50 (28.6%) had reduced mastication, and 125 (71.4%) had normal/regular mastication. After adjusting for age and xerostomia, reduced mastication was associated with postprandial distress syndrome [PR = 1.93 (95%CI 1.27 - 2.91)] but not with epigastric pain syndrome [PR = 1.09 (95%CI 0.75 - 1.60)]. CONCLUSIONS: In patients referred for upper digestive endoscopy, reduced mastication was associated with postprandial distress syndrome but not with epigastric pain syndrome. An interdisciplinary approach with dentists and physicians might benefit dyspeptic patients with postprandial distress syndrome.

Effect of melatonin on electrical impedance and biomarkers of damage in a gastric ischemia/reperfusion model.

The damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is closely related to high mortality in critically ill patients, which is attributable, in part, to the lack of an early method of diagnosis to show the degree of ischemia-induced injury in this type of patients. Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been shown to be a tool to early diagnose gastric mucosal damage induced by ischemia. A therapeutic alternative to reduce this type of injury is melatonin (MT), which has gastroprotective effects in I/R models. In this work, the effect of treatment with MT on the electrical properties of gastric tissue, biomarkers of inflammatory (iNOS and COX-2), proliferation, and apoptotic process under I/R conditions in male Wistar rats was evaluated through EIS, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Treatment with MT prevents gastric mucosa damage, causing a decrease in gastric impedance parameters related to the inflammatory process and cellular damage. This suggests that EIS could be used as a tool to diagnose and monitor the evolution of gastric mucosal injury, as well as in the recovery process in critically ill patients.

Breve historia de la cirugía del estómago / Brief history of gastric surgery

En este artículo se reseñan los principales hitos en la historia de la cirugía gástrica, en la úlcera péptica y el cáncer gástrico en el mundo y en Chile. Se mencionan los principales protagonistas, su aporte y se establecen líneas de tiempo. Como resumen no es posible detallar contextos ni completar historias, pero se busca dar una visión panorámica del desarrollo de esta cirugía.

This article reviews the main milestones in the history of gastric surgery, in peptic ulcer and gastric cancer in the world and in Chile. The main protagonists are mentioned, their contribution and set time lines. As a summary it is not possible to detail contexts or complete stories, but it seeks to give a panoramic view of the development of this surgery.

The macroscopic and microscopic description of ruminal lesions in feedlot bovine / Descrição macroscópica e microscópica das lesões ruminais em bovinos confinados

Administration of diets rich in highly fermentable carbohydrates and low fiber content can cause an imbalance between the microorganisms in the rumen with consequent ruminal acidosis. This problem can cause lesions in the rumen wall, often progressing to rumenitis. The purpose of the present was to characterize macroscopic and microscopic ruminal lesions observed in confined feedlot cattle with claw lesions or liver abscess. A total of 1060 bovines were evaluated via postmortem examination. Claw lesions were identified in 88, liver abscess in 10, and macroscopic rumen lesions in 230 bovines; furthermore, 178 rumens were characterized with hyperkeratosis, 41 with hyperemia, 9 with ulcer, and 2 with neoplasia. The 98 bovines with claw lesions and liver abscess were selected for histopathological examination. Of these, macroscopic lesions were noted in 23 and microscopic lesions in 23 animals. Of the 23 animals that presented macroscopic lesions, 10 showed the same changes observed under microscopy. Seven cases of hyperkeratosis were diagnosed in the macro and microscopic evaluation. Of the 5 cases of hyperemia verified on macroscopy, 2 cases were identified via microscopy, and 1 case of ulcer identified through macroscopy and microscopy. The microscopic evaluation of the rumens allowed the identification of lesions in animals with claw lesions that did not present macroscopic rumen alterations.

O uso de dietas ricas em carboidratos altamente fermentáveis e com baixos teores de fibras pode ocasionar desequilíbrio entre os microrganismos do rúmen com consequente acidose ruminal. Esse problema pode resultar em lesões na parede do rúmen, evoluindo com frequência para formação de ruminite. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar lesões ruminais macroscópicas e microscópicas, observadas em bovinos confinados que apresentavam lesões podais ou abscesso hepático. Avaliou-se 1060 bovinos pelo exame post mortem. Foram encontradas lesões podais em 88 animais, abscesso hepático em 10 e lesões ruminais macroscópicas em 230 bovinos, sendo caracterizado 178 rumens com hiperqueratose, 41 com hiperemia, 9 com úlcera e 2 com neoplasia. Os 98 bovinos com lesões podais e abscesso hepático foram selecionados para realização de exame histopatológico. Desses, foram encontradas lesões macroscópicas em 23 e, microscópicas, em 23 animais. Dos 23 animais que apresentaram lesões macroscópicas, 10 tiveram as mesmas alterações verificadas na microscopia. Foram diagnosticados 7 casos de hiperqueratose na avaliação macro e microscópica. Dos 5 casos de hiperemia verificados na macroscopia, 2 casos foram identificados na microscopia e um caso de úlcera identificado na macroscopia também foi identificado na microscopia. A avaliação microscópica dos rumens permitiu identificar lesões em animais com lesões podais que não apresentam alterações macroscópicas ruminais.

Outbreak of abomasal bloat in goat kids due to Clostridium ventriculi and Clostridium perfringens type A

We described an outbreak of abomasal bloat in goat kids. Increased mortality with a history of abdominal bloating, dullness, and death was reported. Postmortem exanimation revealed dehydration, pale mucosa, ascites, abomasal tympanism and intestinal meteorism and congestion, and emphysematous abomasitis. Cytological evaluation from abomasum revealed gram-positive bacteria with a cuboid shape suggestive of Clostridium ventriculi, gram-positive bacilli suggestive of Clostridium perfringens, and ovoid basophilic yeasts. C. ventriculi and C. perfringens type A were confirmed by anaerobic culture and molecular tests. Histopathological findings revealed emphysematous abomasitis, necrosis of the gastric and intestinal walls, gastroenteritis, and intestinal thromboembolism. The possible associated factor was erroneous use of the milk replacer associated with inadequate kid management. Finally, the prophylactic measures suggested such as hygiene care, proper use of milk replacer, clostridial vaccination plan, and a good colostrum management were able to control the outbreak.(AU)

Aloe Vera (L. ) como floculante para remoción de turbidez de aguas superficiales / Aloe Vera (L. ) as a flocculant to remove turbidity from surface water

El acceso al agua potable por red pública es un problema de la población rural en el departamento de Huánuco, por ende, se suele realizar el consumo de este recurso sin previo tratamiento, produciéndose así enfermedades estomacales. El uso de agentes naturales como el Aloe vera (L.) (Sábila) viene a ser una alternativa como floculante para el tratamiento convencional del agua, por tal motivo, en esta investigación se visualizaron experimentalmente las características y reacciones del gel de A. vera como floculante en la remoción de la turbidez. La turbidez del agua se simuló con el caolín, y se determinó la concentración óptima de alúmina y sábila (1%) a valores diferentes de pH y turbidez iniciales, con los datos resultantes se optimizó las dosis mediante el modelo matemático de superficie de respuesta, para después realizar su respectiva validación mediante métodos gráficos e índices matemáticos; los resultados reflejaron que la turbidez inicial, pH inicial y la dosis del coagulante influyen significativamente en la remoción de la turbidez de agua, de forma individual, concluyendo según el modelo de superficie de respuesta que el volumen óptimo de sábila al 1% alcanza su mayor eficiencia a 0,1 mL y 0,4 mL por cada 500 mL, dosis que varía de acuerdo a su pH y turbidez inicial, este modelo matemático se ajusta para aguas superficiales de la ciudad de Tingo María(AU)

Access to drinking water through the public network is a problem for the rural population in the department of Huánuco, therefore, this resource is usually consumed without prior treatment, thus producing stomach illnesses. The use of natural agents such as Aloe vera (L.) becomes an alternative as a flocculant for conventional water treatment, for this reason, in this investigation the characteristics and reactions of the A. vera gel were visualized experimentally as a flocculant in the removal of turbidity. The turbidity of the water was simulated with kaolin, and the optimum concentration of alumina and aloe vera (1%) was determined at different values of initial pH and turbidity. With the resulting data, the doses were optimized using the mathematical model of the response surface. to later carry out their respective validation through graphic methods and mathematical indices; The results showed that the initial turbidity, initial pH and the dose of the coagulant significantly influence the removal of the turbidity of the water, individually, concluding according to the response surface model that the optimal volume of aloe at 1% reaches its highest level. efficiency at 0.1 mL and 0.4 mL per 500 mL, a dose that varies according to its pH and initial turbidity, this mathematical model is adjusted for surface waters of the city of Tingo María(AU)

Hipocalcemia, hipomagnesemia y uso crónico de inhibidores de la bomba de protones / Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and chronic use of proton pump inhibitors

Introducción: Los inhibidores de la bomba de protones son fármacos usados en múltiples gastropatías. El omeprazol pertenece a este grupo de medicamentos y es aprobado y catalogado como indispensable por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Esto ha causado que su uso se vuelva constante y hasta cierto punto equívoco. Pese a ser medicamentos seguros muestran efectos secundarios, dentro de los cuales uno ocasional es el trastorno hidroelectrolítico. Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico en el cual se constató la presencia de efectos secundarios tras el uso de un fármaco de uso constante por la comunidad médica: el omeprazol. Caso clínico: Se presenta a continuación el caso clínico de un paciente masculino con antecedente de hipertensión arterial y gastropatía crónica que muestra uso por 8 años consecutivos de inhibidores de la bomba de protones, al cual se le diagnostica hipomagnesemia e hipocalcemia. Se obtuvieron resultados de laboratorio normales tras administración de suplementos orales y uso de ranitidina con supresión de terapéutica con omeprazol. Conclusiones: Un control constante de los fármacos que usan los pacientes crónicos es fundamental en atención primaria de salud. El uso de inhibidores de la bomba de protones se ha convertido en rutinario y es necesario corroborar siempre la dosis y el tiempo de uso de los fármacos además de la relación con otros medicamentos que use el paciente(AU)

Introduction: Proton-pump inhibitors are drugs used in multiple gastropathies. Omeprazole belongs to this group of medicines; it is approved and classified as essential by the World Health Organization. This has permitted for its use to become constant and, to some extent, misleading. Despite being safe drugs, they show side effects, among which an occasional one is fluid and electrolyte disorders. Objective: To present a clinical case in which the occurrence of side effects was verified after the administration of a drug constantly used by the medical community. Clinical case: The following is a clinical case of a male patient with a history of arterial hypertension and chronic gastropathy, characterized by the usage of proton-pump inhibitors for eight consecutive years, diagnosed with hypomagnesemia and hypocalcemia. Normal laboratory results were obtained after oral supplementation and usage of ranitidine with suppression of omeprazole therapy. Conclusions: Constant control of the drugs used by chronic patients is essential in primary health care. The usage of proton-pump inhibitors has become a routine. It is always necessary to check the dose and time for using the drugs as well as the relationship with other drugs used by the patient(AU)

Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma associated with hypertrophic gastropathy resembling Ménétriers disease in an adult Labrador Retriever dog

We describe a case of hypertrophic gastropathy (Ménétriers like disease) with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in a seven-year-old intact female Labrador Retriever dog. The animal suddenly presented with emesis and died. Gross lesions included a marked diffuse thickening of the gastric mucosa and an ulcerated transmural neoplastic mass in the gastric body. Gastric body and fundus were affected by foveolar hyperplasia with loss of chief and parietal cells replaced by mucous cells and marked dilatation of gastric glands. An area of gastric adenocarcinoma with submucosal lymphatic vessels invasion was also present and metastases were observed in the gastric lymph nodes, small intestine, pancreas, lung and liver. Due to its similarity with other gastric proliferative disorders, including this condition in the list of differentials is a necessary step in the diagnostic investigation of canine gastropathies.(AU)

Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma associated with hypertrophic gastropathy resembling Ménétrier’s disease in an adult Labrador Retriever dog

We describe a case of hypertrophic gastropathy (Ménétrier’s like disease) with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in a seven-year-old intact female Labrador Retriever dog. The animal suddenly presented with emesis and died. Gross lesions included a marked diffuse thickening of the gastric mucosa and an ulcerated transmural neoplastic mass in the gastric body. Gastric body and fundus were affected by foveolar hyperplasia with loss of chief and parietal cells replaced by mucous cells and marked dilatation of gastric glands. An area of gastric adenocarcinoma with submucosal lymphatic vessels invasion was also present and metastases were observed in the gastric lymph nodes, small intestine, pancreas, lung and liver. Due to its similarity with other gastric proliferative disorders, including this condition in the list of differentials is a necessary step in the diagnostic investigation of canine gastropathies.

Helicobacter pylori Outer Membrane Vesicles and Extracellular Vesicles from Helicobacter pylori-Infected Cells in Gastric Disease Development.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived vesicles important in intercellular communication that play an essential role in host-pathogen interactions, spreading pathogen-derived as well as host-derived molecules during infection. Pathogens can induce changes in the composition of EVs derived from the infected cells and use them to manipulate their microenvironment and, for instance, modulate innate and adaptive inflammatory immune responses, both in a stimulatory or suppressive manner. Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered the main risk factor for developing this disease, which is characterized by a strong inflammatory component. EVs released by host cells infected with H. pylori contribute significantly to inflammation, and in doing so promote the development of disease. Additionally, H. pylori liberates vesicles, called outer membrane vesicles (H. pylori-OMVs), which contribute to atrophia and cell transformation in the gastric epithelium. In this review, the participation of both EVs from cells infected with H. pylori and H. pylori-OMVs associated with the development of gastric cancer will be discussed. By deciphering which functions of these external vesicles during H. pylori infection benefit the host or the pathogen, novel treatment strategies may become available to prevent disease.

Intussuscepção gastroesofágica em canino / Gastroesophageal intussusception in canine

Background: Gastroesophageal intussusception is characterized by the invagination of the stomach into the esophagus,with or without the involvementof adjacent organs such as the spleen, pancreas, and omentum. In dogs, this condition hasno breed or sex predisposition. As it is an infrequent disease in routine veterinary medical practice, this study reports acase of gastroesophageal intussusception in a dog necropsied at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural Universityof Pernambuco (HOVET - UFRPE), Recife, Brazil.Case: The body of a 12-year-old black mixed breed male dog was sent to the Pathology Department (Necropsy Sectorof the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco - UFRPE) for a necropsy. The animal had a previous 4-year history ofrecurrent emesis and limb weakness, primarily in the anterior limbs, that worsened in the previous months and progressedto death. No previous treatments were reported by the owner. On external examination, the animal had a low body score(cachectic), forelimb joints with great flexibility, congested oral and ocular mucous membranes, enophthalmos, and increased volume in the perianal region. At the opening of the thoracic cavity, the final third of the esophagus was dilatedand gastroesophageal intussusception, edema, and pulmonary congestion were noted. In the abdominal cavity, there washepatic and renal congestion and large intestine and rectal ampoule dilation, with a large amount of solid and retainedfeces (fecaloma), perianal hernia, and testicular neoformation. These findings were consistent with those observed in deathcaused by cardiorespiratory failure secondary to gastroesophageal intussusception.Discussion: The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal intussusception is still not elucidated and is probably multifactorial.This condition causes reverse gastric peristalsis associated with a sudden and sustained increase in abdominal...(AU)

Retrospective and prospective studies of transmissible viral proventriculitis in broiler chickens in Brazil.

We investigated the occurrence and pathologic findings of transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) associated with the chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) in commercial broiler chickens in southeastern Brazil. Seventy-three broilers, 25-36 d old, with a history of reduced growth, were referred to our veterinary pathology services from 2013 to 2017. Broilers were clinically examined, weighed, and euthanized for postmortem examination. Broilers of different ages with proventricular histologic lesions were positive for CPNV by RT-PCR; however, the intensity of histologic lesions was higher among 33-d-old animals, and viral RNA detection was more frequent among those that were 28 d old. In the proventriculi of 35 of 73 (48%) broilers, lesions were characterized by glandular epithelial necrosis, lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltrates, and metaplasia of glandular epithelium to ductal epithelium. In 24 of 73 (36%) broilers with histologic TVP-compatible lesions, CPNV was detected by RT-PCR for the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene. Broilers with histologic lesions were lighter than expected compared to the Cobb 500 standard weight. TVP has not been reported previously in broiler chickens in Brazil, to our knowledge.