ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Objective: To investigate the potential beneficial effects of resveratrol (RVT) against ischemia-reperfusion injury of myocardial tissue during surgical treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. METHODS: Four groups were established - control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), sham (I/R+solvent/dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]), and I/R+RVT. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm model was used as the experimental protocol. RESULTS: In the I/R and I/R+DMSO groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in myocardial tissue were found to be significantly increased compared to the control group. The MDA level in myocardial tissue was significantly decreased in the I/ R+RVT group compared to the I/R group. In I/R and I/R+DMSO groups, glutathione peroxidase (GSH) levels in myocardial tissue were found to be significantly decreased compared to the control group. The GSH level in the myocardial tissue was significantly increased in the I/R+RVT group compared to the I/R group. In the light microscope, isotropic and anisotropic band disorganized atypical cardiomyocytes in the I/R group and degenerative cardiomyocytes and edematous areas in the I/R+DMSO group were observed. Degenerative cardiomyocytes and edematous areas were decreased in the I/R+RVT group. When heart tissue sections incubated with cleaved caspase-3 primary antibodies were examined under the light microscope, apoptotic cardiomyocytes were present in I/R and I/R+DMSO groups. A decrease in the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was observed in the I/R+RVT group. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study indicate that RVT exhibits protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in the myocardium as a distant organ as a result of abdominal aorta clamping.
Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal , Reperfusion Injury , Humans , Resveratrol/pharmacology , Myocytes, Cardiac , Constriction , Dimethyl Sulfoxide , Ischemia , Apoptosis , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgeryABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Objective: To investigate the potential beneficial effects of resveratrol (RVT) against ischemia-reperfusion injury of myocardial tissue during surgical treatment of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods: Four groups were established — control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), sham (I/R+solvent/dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]), and I/R+RVT. Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm model was used as the experimental protocol. Results: In the I/R and I/R+DMSO groups, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in myocardial tissue were found to be significantly increased compared to the control group. The MDA level in myocardial tissue was significantly decreased in the I/ R+RVT group compared to the I/R group. In I/R and I/R+DMSO groups, glutathione peroxidase (GSH) levels in myocardial tissue were found to be significantly decreased compared to the control group. The GSH level in the myocardial tissue was significantly increased in the I/R+RVT group compared to the I/R group. In the light microscope, isotropic and anisotropic band disorganized atypical cardiomyocytes in the I/R group and degenerative cardiomyocytes and edematous areas in the I/R+DMSO group were observed. Degenerative cardiomyocytes and edematous areas were decreased in the I/R+RVT group. When heart tissue sections incubated with cleaved caspase-3 primary antibodies were examined under the light microscope, apoptotic cardiomyocytes were present in I/R and I/R+DMSO groups. A decrease in the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was observed in the I/R+RVT group. Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that RVT exhibits protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring in the myocardium as a distant organ as a result of abdominal aorta clamping.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To examine the biochemical and histopathological renal effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) model in rats and to investigate the potential protective effects of whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus). METHODS: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups - control, sham (I/R+glycerol), I/R, and I/R+whortleberry. Midline laparotomy alone was performed in the control group. Atraumatic abdominal clamps were attached under anesthesia to the abdominal aorta beneath the level of the renal artery in the groups subjected to I/R. Sixty-minute reperfusion was established one hour after ischemia. The sham group received five intraperitoneal doses of glycerol five days before I/R. The I/R+whortleberry group received a single intraperitoneal 50 mg/kg dose diluted with saline solution five days before I/R. All animals were finally euthanized by cervical dislocation following 60-min reperfusion. RESULTS: Increases were observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and tubular necrosis scores (TNS) in thin kidney tissues and in numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, together with a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels, in sham and I/R groups. In contrast, we observed a decrease in MDA levels, TNS, and numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, and an increase in GSH levels with whortleberry treatment compared to the I/R group. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that whortleberry may be effective against acute kidney injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal , Reperfusion Injury , Vaccinium myrtillus , Animals , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control , Aortic Rupture , Kidney , Male , Models, Theoretical , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & controlABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Ischemia-associated mortality caused by aortic cross-clamps, as in ruptured abdominal aorta aneurysm surgeries, and reperfusion following their removal represent some of the main emergency conditions in cardiovascular surgery. The purpose of our study was to examine the potential protective effect of tea grape against aortic occlusion-induced lung injury using biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and quantitative analyses. METHODS: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control (healthy), glycerol + ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) (sham), I/R, and I/R + tea grape. RESULTS: Following aortic occlusion, we observed apoptotic pneumocytes, thickening in the alveolar wall, edematous areas in interstitial regions, and vascular congestion. We also observed an increase in pulmonary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decrease in pulmonary glutathione (GSH). However, tea grape reduced apoptotic pneumocytes, edema, vascular congestion, and MDA levels, while increased GSH levels in lung tissue. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that tea grape is effective against aortic occlusion-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Lung Injury , Reperfusion Injury , Vitis , Animals , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Lung , Lung Injury/etiology , Lung Injury/prevention & control , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , TeaABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To examine the biochemical and histopathological renal effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury using a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) model in rats and to investigate the potential protective effects of whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus). Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups - control, sham (I/R+glycerol), I/R, and I/R+whortleberry. Midline laparotomy alone was performed in the control group. Atraumatic abdominal clamps were attached under anesthesia to the abdominal aorta beneath the level of the renal artery in the groups subjected to I/R. Sixty-minute reperfusion was established one hour after ischemia. The sham group received five intraperitoneal doses of glycerol five days before I/R. The I/R+whortleberry group received a single intraperitoneal 50 mg/kg dose diluted with saline solution five days before I/R. All animals were finally euthanized by cervical dislocation following 60-min reperfusion. Results: Increases were observed in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and tubular necrosis scores (TNS) in thin kidney tissues and in numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, together with a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels, in sham and I/R groups. In contrast, we observed a decrease in MDA levels, TNS, and numbers of apoptotic renal tubule cells, and an increase in GSH levels with whortleberry treatment compared to the I/R group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that whortleberry may be effective against acute kidney injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/prevention & control , Vaccinium myrtillus , Aortic Rupture , Rats, Wistar , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Kidney , Models, TheoreticalABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Ischemia-associated mortality caused by aortic cross-clamps, as in ruptured abdominal aorta aneurysm surgeries, and reperfusion following their removal represent some of the main emergency conditions in cardiovascular surgery. The purpose of our study was to examine the potential protective effect of tea grape against aortic occlusion-induced lung injury using biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and quantitative analyses. Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four groups: control (healthy), glycerol + ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) (sham), I/R, and I/R + tea grape. Results: Following aortic occlusion, we observed apoptotic pneumocytes, thickening in the alveolar wall, edematous areas in interstitial regions, and vascular congestion. We also observed an increase in pulmonary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decrease in pulmonary glutathione (GSH). However, tea grape reduced apoptotic pneumocytes, edema, vascular congestion, and MDA levels, while increased GSH levels in lung tissue. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that tea grape is effective against aortic occlusion-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Vitis , Lung Injury/etiology , Lung Injury/prevention & control , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Tea , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , LungABSTRACT
Mobile phone use has increased rapidly. The central nervous system has been shown to be adversely affected by its electromagnetic field (EMF) resulting in headache and sleep disturbances. How the cells make up the CNS and are affected by EMF is unclear. However, because of their central role in inflammation through diverse stimuli including radiation, this study aimed to investigate the effects of electromagnetic fields induced by mobile phones on mast cells in rat dura mater. A total of 18 adult, female, SpragueDawley rats were divided into two groups. The choice of female rats for his study was based on recent surveys demonstrating that mobile phone use is more frequent and prolonged among females. The study group was exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field (1 h/day for 45 days). In the end of the study, duramater tissue was extracted and stained using Toluidine blue. Mast cells were counted and results were analysed using Student t test. Mean mast cell number was 202.33±9.82 and 456.78±35.01 in the control and study groups, respectively (p<0.05). Analysis of serum electrolyte and immunoglobulin E levels showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). The study showed that mobile phone exposure increased mast cell number and degranulation in rat dura mater. Further studies are required to evaluate the clinical implications of these findings.
El uso del teléfono móvil ha aumentado rápidamente. Se ha demostrado que el sistema nervioso central (SNC) se ve afectado de manera adversa debido al campo electromagnético (CEM) que produce dolor de cabeza y trastornos del sueño. No está claro cómo se ve afectada la composición celular del SNC por el CEM. Sin embargo, debido a su función principal en la inflamación a través de diversos estímulos que incluyen la radiación, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los efectos de los campos electromagnéticos inducidos por los teléfonos móviles en los mastocitos de la duramadre de ratas. Un total de 18 ratas Sprague-Dawley adultas, hembras, se dividieron en dos grupos. Se usaron ratas hembras para este estudio en base a investigaciones recientes que han demostrado que el uso de teléfonos móviles es más frecuente y prolongado en las mujeres. Los grupos de estudio fueron expuestos a un campo electromagnético de 900 MHz (1 h / día durante 45 días). Al término del estudio, fue extirpado el tejido de la duramadre y teñido con azul de toluidina. Se contaron los mastocitos y se analizaron los resultados utilizando la prueba t de Student. La cantidad media de células cebadas fue de 202,33 ± 9.82 y 456,78 ± 35,01 en los grupos control y estudio, respectivamente (p <0,05). El análisis del electrolito sérico y los niveles de inmunoglobulina E no mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos (p> 0,05). El estudio mostró que la exposición a teléfonos móviles aumentó el número de mastocitos y la desgranulación en la duramadre de las ratas. Se requieren estudios adicionales para evaluar las implicaciones clínicas de estos hallazgos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Cell Phone , Dura Mater/radiation effects , Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects , Mast Cells/radiation effects , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of the EtOAc extract of U. longissima which is uninvestigated previously on esophagogastric cancer induced in rats with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin (MNNG). METHODS: The anticancer activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima was examined in the esophagogastric adenocarcinoma models induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima, 50 and 100 mg/kg oral doses were administered once daily for six months. MNNG induced differentiated and undifferentiated type adenocarcinomas in the esophageal and gastric tissues of rats. RESULTS: EtOAc extract of U. longissima obtained from U. longissima prevented gastric and esophageal cancerogenesis induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima did not have a lethal effect at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. The prominent anticarcinogenic activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima 50 and 100 mg/kg suggests that it is not toxic and it is selective to the cancer tissue. CONCLUSION: This information may shed light on clinical implementation of EtOAc extract of U. longissima in future.
Subject(s)
Acetates/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy , Usnea/chemistry , Animals , Male , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Purpose:To investigate the effects of the EtOAc extract of U. longissima which is uninvestigated previously on esophagogastric cancer induced in rats with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin (MNNG).Methods:The anticancer activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima was examined in the esophagogastric adenocarcinoma models induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima, 50 and 100 mg/kg oral doses were administered once daily for six months. MNNG induced differentiated and undifferentiated type adenocarcinomas in the esophageal and gastric tissues of rats.Results:EtOAc extract of U. longissima obtained from U. longissima prevented gastric and esophageal cancerogenesis induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima did not have a lethal effect at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. The prominent anticarcinogenic activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima 50 and 100 mg/kg suggests that it is not toxic and it is selective to the cancer tissue.Conclusion:This information may shed light on clinical implementation of EtOAc extract of U. longissima in future.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Usnea , Acetates , Adenocarcinoma/veterinary , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophageal Neoplasms/veterinary , Anticarcinogenic AgentsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Cisplatin is one of the main chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of many types of cancer. However, ototoxicity, one of the most serious side effects of cisplatin, restricts its usage. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of whortleberry extract against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity by evaluating hearing and histopathological cochlear damage and by measuring the biochemical parameters affected byoxidative stress. METHODS: Forty-eight male rats were included in the study after performing Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission test to confirm that their hearing levels were normal. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the sham group, and, which received only whortleberry extract, only cisplatin, cisplatin+100mg whortleberry extract, cisplatin+200mg whortleberry extract, respectively. Audiologic investigation was performed by performing the Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission test at the beginning and at the eighth day of the study. Cardiac blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis, and the rats were sacrificed to obtain cochlear histopathological specimens on the eighth day. RESULTS: The results revealed that whortleberry protects hearing against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity independent of the dose. However, high doses of whortleberry extract are needed to prevent histopathological degeneration and oxidative stress. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study show that whortleberry extract has a protective effect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
Subject(s)
Anthocyanins/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents/toxicity , Cisplatin/toxicity , Cochlea/drug effects , Hearing/drug effects , Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Acoustic Stimulation , Animals , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Cochlea/pathology , Male , Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Plant Extracts , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Signal-To-Noise Ratio , Treatment Outcome , Vaccinium myrtillusABSTRACT
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of the EtOAc extract of U. longissima which is uninvestigated previously on esophagogastric cancer induced in rats with N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidin (MNNG). Methods: The anticancer activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima was examined in the esophagogastric adenocarcinoma models induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima, 50 and 100 mg/kg oral doses were administered once daily for six months. MNNG induced differentiated and undifferentiated type adenocarcinomas in the esophageal and gastric tissues of rats. Results: EtOAc extract of U. longissima obtained from U. longissima prevented gastric and esophageal cancerogenesis induced in rats with MNNG. EtOAc extract of U. longissima did not have a lethal effect at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. The prominent anticarcinogenic activity of EtOAc extract of U. longissima 50 and 100 mg/kg suggests that it is not toxic and it is selective to the cancer tissue. Conclusion: This information may shed light on clinical implementation of EtOAc extract of U. longissima in future.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Usnea/chemistry , Acetates/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) against desflurane induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS: Thirty experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), desflurane control (DCG) , TPP and desflurane group (TDG). 20 mg/kg TPP was injected to intraperitoneally TDG. After one hour of TPP administration, desflurane was applied for two hours. After 24 hours, liver tissues of the animals killed with decapitation were removed. The oxidant/antioxidant levels and ALT, AST and LDH activities were measured. The histopathological examinations were performed in the liver tissues for all rats. RESULTS: Notwithstanding the levels of oxidants and liver enzymes were significantly increased (p<0.0001), antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in DCG (p<0.0001). On contrary to the antioxidant parameters were increased (p<0.05) the oxidant parameters and liver enzymes were decreased in TDG (p<0.0001). Whereas multiple prominent, congestion, hemorrhage and dilatation were observed in sinusoids and lymphocyte-rich inflammation results in the centrilobular and portal areas of liver tissue in DCG, these findings were observed less frequently in TDG. CONCLUSION : Thiamine pyrophosphate prevented liver oxidative damage induced with desflurane and may be useful in prophylaxis of desflurane induced hepatotoxicity.
Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Inhalation/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control , Isoflurane/analogs & derivatives , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Thiamine Pyrophosphate/therapeutic use , Alanine Transaminase/drug effects , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/drug effects , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism , Desflurane , Glutathione/drug effects , Glutathione/metabolism , Isoflurane/adverse effects , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/drug effects , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Liver/enzymology , Liver/pathology , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Models, Animal , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Peroxidase/drug effects , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigated the effects of exposure to an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) on bone development during the prenatal period in rats. METHODS: Pregnant rats in the experimental group were exposed to radiation for six, 12, and 24 hours daily for 20 days. No radiation was given to the pregnant rats in the control group. We distributed the newborn rats into four groups according to prenatal EMF exposure as follows: Group 1 was not exposed to EMF; groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to EMF for six, 12, and 24 hours a day, respectively. The rats were evaluated at the end of the 60th day following birth. RESULTS: Increasing the duration of EMF exposure during the prenatal period resulted in a significant reduction of resting cartilage levels and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic chondrocytes and myocytes. There was also a reduction in calcineurin activities in both bone and muscle tissues. We observed that the development of the femur, tibia, and ulna were negatively affected, especially with a daily EMF exposure of 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Bone and muscle tissue development was negatively affected due to prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field.
Subject(s)
Bone Development/radiation effects , Calcineurin/metabolism , Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/pathology , Animals , Apoptosis/radiation effects , Cartilage/pathology , Chondrocytes/metabolism , Chondrocytes/pathology , Female , Femur Head/pathology , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Models, Animal , Pregnancy , Quadriceps Muscle/metabolism , Quadriceps Muscle/pathology , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time FactorsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) against desflurane induced hepatotoxicity.METHODS: Thirty experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), desflurane control (DCG) , TPP and desflurane group (TDG). 20 mg/kg TPP was injected to intraperitoneally TDG. After one hour of TPP administration, desflurane was applied for two hours. After 24 hours, liver tissues of the animals killed with decapitation were removed. The oxidant/antioxidant levels and ALT, AST and LDH activities were measured. The histopathological examinations were performed in the liver tissues for all rats.RESULTS: Notwithstanding the levels of oxidants and liver enzymes were significantly increased (p<0.0001), antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in DCG (p<0.0001). On contrary to the antioxidant parameters were increased (p<0.05) the oxidant parameters and liver enzymes were decreased in TDG (p<0.0001). Whereas multiple prominent, congestion, hemorrhage and dilatation were observed in sinusoids and lymphocyte-rich inflammation results in the centrilobular and portal areas of liver tissue in DCG, these findings were observed less frequently in TDG.CONCLUSİON: Thiamine pyrophosphate prevented liver oxidative damage induced with desflurane and may be useful in prophylaxis of desflurane induced hepatotoxicity.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Diphosphates/therapeutic use , Liver/pathology , Thiamine Pyrophosphate , Phenyl Ethers , Oxidative StressABSTRACT
ABSTRACT PURPOSE : To investigate the effects of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) against desflurane induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS : Thirty experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), desflurane control (DCG) , TPP and desflurane group (TDG). 20 mg/kg TPP was injected to intraperitoneally TDG. After one hour of TPP administration, desflurane was applied for two hours. After 24 hours, liver tissues of the animals killed with decapitation were removed. The oxidant/antioxidant levels and ALT, AST and LDH activities were measured. The histopathological examinations were performed in the liver tissues for all rats. RESULTS : Notwithstanding the levels of oxidants and liver enzymes were significantly increased (p<0.0001), antioxidant levels were significantly decreased in DCG (p<0.0001). On contrary to the antioxidant parameters were increased (p<0.05) the oxidant parameters and liver enzymes were decreased in TDG (p<0.0001). Whereas multiple prominent, congestion, hemorrhage and dilatation were observed in sinusoids and lymphocyte-rich inflammation results in the centrilobular and portal areas of liver tissue in DCG, these findings were observed less frequently in TDG. CONCLUSİON : Thiamine pyrophosphate prevented liver oxidative damage induced with desflurane and may be useful in prophylaxis of desflurane induced hepatotoxicity.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Thiamine Pyrophosphate/therapeutic use , Anesthetics, Inhalation/adverse effects , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/prevention & control , Isoflurane/analogs & derivatives , Aspartate Aminotransferases/drug effects , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Peroxidase/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Alanine Transaminase/drug effects , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism , Glutathione/drug effects , Glutathione/metabolism , Isoflurane , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/drug effects , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Liver/enzymology , Liver/pathology , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolismABSTRACT
PURPOSE:To investigated the effects of exposure to an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) on bone development during the prenatal period in rats.METHODS:Pregnant rats in the experimental group were exposed to radiation for six, 12, and 24 hours daily for 20 days. No radiation was given to the pregnant rats in the control group. We distributed the newborn rats into four groups according to prenatal EMF exposure as follows: Group 1 was not exposed to EMF; groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to EMF for six, 12, and 24 hours a day, respectively. The rats were evaluated at the end of the 60th day following birth.RESULTS:Increasing the duration of EMF exposure during the prenatal period resulted in a significant reduction of resting cartilage levels and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic chondrocytes and myocytes. There was also a reduction in calcineurin activities in both bone and muscle tissues. We observed that the development of the femur, tibia, and ulna were negatively affected, especially with a daily EMF exposure of 24 hours.CONCLUSION:Bone and muscle tissue development was negatively affected due to prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Electromagnetic Fields/adverse effects , Calcineurin/analysis , Bone Development/radiation effects , Peripartum Period/radiation effects , Animals, Newborn/growth & developmentABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigated the effects of exposure to an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field (EMF) on bone development during the prenatal period in rats. METHODS: Pregnant rats in the experimental group were exposed to radiation for six, 12, and 24 hours daily for 20 days. No radiation was given to the pregnant rats in the control group. We distributed the newborn rats into four groups according to prenatal EMF exposure as follows: Group 1 was not exposed to EMF; groups 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to EMF for six, 12, and 24 hours a day, respectively. The rats were evaluated at the end of the 60th day following birth. RESULTS: Increasing the duration of EMF exposure during the prenatal period resulted in a significant reduction of resting cartilage levels and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic chondrocytes and myocytes. There was also a reduction in calcineurin activities in both bone and muscle tissues. We observed that the development of the femur, tibia, and ulna were negatively affected, especially with a daily EMF exposure of 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Bone and muscle tissue development was negatively affected due to prenatal exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field.