Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Montrer: 20 | 50 | 100
Résultats 1 - 6 de 6
Filtrer
Plus de filtres










Base de données
Gamme d'année
1.
PLoS One ; 13(3): e0194798, 2018.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29596463

RÉSUMÉ

The liver plays a major role in whole-body energy homeostasis by releasing secretory factors, termed hepatokines. To identify novel target genes associated with insulin resistance, we performed a comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles using a DNA chip method in liver biopsy samples from humans with varying degrees of insulin resistance. Inhibin ßE (INHBE) was identified as a novel putative hepatokine with hepatic gene expression that positively correlated with insulin resistance and body mass index in humans. Quantitative real time-PCR analysis also showed an increase in INHBE gene expression in independent liver samples from insulin-resistant human subjects. Additionally, Inhbe gene expression increased in the livers of db/db mice, a rodent model of type 2 diabetes. To preliminarily screen the role of Inhbe in vivo in whole-body energy metabolic status, hepatic mRNA was knocked down with siRNA for Inhbe (siINHBE) in db/db mice. Treatment with siINHBE suppressed body weight gain during the two-week experimental period, which was attributable to diminished fat rather than lean mass. Additionally, treatment with siINHBE decreased the respiratory quotient and increased plasma total ketone bodies compared with treatment with non-targeting siRNA, both of which suggest enhanced whole-body fat utilization. Our study suggests that INHBE functions as a possible hepatokine to alter the whole-body metabolic status under obese insulin-resistant conditions.


Sujet(s)
Analyse de profil d'expression de gènes , Sous-unités bêta de l'inhibine/génétique , Insulinorésistance/génétique , Foie/anatomopathologie , Tissu adipeux/cytologie , Animaux , Biopsie , Poids , Femelle , Humains , Sous-unités bêta de l'inhibine/déficit , Sous-unités bêta de l'inhibine/métabolisme , Foie/métabolisme , Mâle , Souris , Adulte d'âge moyen , Phénotype , ARN messager/génétique , ARN messager/métabolisme , Petit ARN interférent/génétique
2.
Nature ; 541(7635): 96-101, 2017 01 05.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28002407

RÉSUMÉ

Monocytes and macrophages comprise a variety of subsets with diverse functions. It is thought that these cells play a crucial role in homeostasis of peripheral organs, key immunological processes and development of various diseases. Among these diseases, fibrosis is a life-threatening disease of unknown aetiology. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood, and there are few effective therapies. The development of fibrosis is associated with activation of monocytes and macrophages. However, the specific subtypes of monocytes and macrophages that are involved in fibrosis have not yet been identified. Here we show that Ceacam1+Msr1+Ly6C-F4/80-Mac1+ monocytes, which we term segregated-nucleus-containing atypical monocytes (SatM), share granulocyte characteristics, are regulated by CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ß (C/EBPß), and are critical for fibrosis. Cebpb deficiency results in a complete lack of SatM. Furthermore, the development of bleomycin-induced fibrosis, but not inflammation, was prevented in chimaeric mice with Cebpb-/- haematopoietic cells. Adoptive transfer of SatM into Cebpb-/- mice resulted in fibrosis. Notably, SatM are derived from Ly6C-FcεRI+ granulocyte/macrophage progenitors, and a newly identified SatM progenitor downstream of Ly6C-FcεRI+ granulocyte/macrophage progenitors, but not from macrophage/dendritic-cell progenitors. Our results show that SatM are critical for fibrosis and that C/EBPß licenses differentiation of SatM from their committed progenitor.


Sujet(s)
Protéine bêta de liaison aux séquences stimulatrices de type CCAAT/métabolisme , Progéniteurs des granulocytes et macrophages/cytologie , Monocytes/classification , Monocytes/métabolisme , Fibrose pulmonaire/anatomopathologie , Transfert adoptif , Animaux , Antigènes CD/métabolisme , Antigènes Ly/métabolisme , Marqueurs biologiques/métabolisme , Bléomycine/toxicité , Protéine bêta de liaison aux séquences stimulatrices de type CCAAT/déficit , Protéine bêta de liaison aux séquences stimulatrices de type CCAAT/génétique , Molécules d'adhérence cellulaire/métabolisme , Différenciation cellulaire , Cellules dendritiques/cytologie , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Progéniteurs des granulocytes et macrophages/métabolisme , Granulocytes/cytologie , Granulocytes/métabolisme , Inflammation , Mâle , Souris , Thérapie moléculaire ciblée/tendances , Monocytes/anatomopathologie , Monocytes/transplantation , Fibrose pulmonaire/induit chimiquement , Fibrose pulmonaire/génétique , Fibrose pulmonaire/prévention et contrôle , Récepteurs aux IgE/métabolisme , Récepteurs éboueurs de classe A/métabolisme
3.
Stem Cells ; 30(12): 2631-44, 2012 Dec.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23081779

RÉSUMÉ

The cancer stem cell (CSC) concept has been proposed as an attractive theory to explain cancer development, and CSCs themselves have been considered as targets for the development of diagnostics and therapeutics. However, many unanswered questions concerning the existence of slow cycling/quiescent, drug-resistant CSCs remain. Here we report the establishment of colon cancer CSC lines, interconversion of the CSCs between a proliferating and a drug-resistant state, and reconstitution of tumor hierarchy from the CSCs. Stable cell lines having CSC properties were established from human colon cancer after serial passages in NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2Rγ(null) (NOG) mice and subsequent adherent cell culture of these tumors. By generating specific antibodies against LGR5, we demonstrated that these cells expressed LGR5 and underwent self-renewal using symmetrical divisions. Upon exposure to irinotecan, the LGR5(+) cells transitioned into an LGR5(-) drug-resistant state. The LGR5(-) cells converted to an LGR5(+) state in the absence of the drug. DNA microarray analysis and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that HLA-DMA was specifically expressed in drug-resistant LGR5(-) cells, and epiregulin was expressed in both LGR5(+) and drug-resistant LGR5(-) cells. Both cells sustained tumor initiating activity in NOG mice, giving rise to a tumor tissue hierarchy. In addition, anti-epiregulin antibody was found to be efficacious in a metastatic model. Both LGR5(+) and LGR5(-) cells were detected in the tumor tissues of colon cancer patients. The results provide new biological insights into drug resistance of CSCs and new therapeutic options for cancer treatment.


Sujet(s)
Tumeurs du côlon/métabolisme , Tumeurs du côlon/anatomopathologie , Cellules souches tumorales/métabolisme , Cellules souches tumorales/anatomopathologie , Récepteurs couplés aux protéines G/biosynthèse , Animaux , Anticorps monoclonaux/immunologie , Anticorps monoclonaux/pharmacologie , Anticorps antitumoraux/biosynthèse , Anticorps antitumoraux/immunologie , Spécificité des anticorps , Marqueurs biologiques/métabolisme , Différenciation cellulaire/physiologie , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Tumeurs du côlon/thérapie , Résistance aux médicaments antinéoplasiques , Facteur de croissance épidermique/immunologie , Épiréguline , Femelle , Humains , Immunohistochimie , Souris , Souris de lignée NOD , Souris SCID , Récepteurs couplés aux protéines G/immunologie , Transplantation hétérologue
4.
Sci Rep ; 2: 259, 2012.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22355771

RÉSUMÉ

Most acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections become chronic and some progress to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Standard therapy involves an interferon (IFN)-α-based regimen, and efficacy of therapy has been significantly improved by the development of protease inhibitors. However, several issues remain concerning the injectable form and the side effects of IFN. Here, we report an orally available, small-molecule type I IFN receptor agonist that directly transduces the IFN signal cascade and stimulates antiviral gene expression. Like type I IFN, the small-molecule compound induces IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression for antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo in mice, and the ISG induction mechanism is attributed to a direct interaction between the compound and IFN-α receptor 2, a key molecule of IFN-signaling on the cell surface. Our study highlights the importance of an orally active IFN-like agent, both as a therapy for antiviral infections and as a potential IFN substitute.


Sujet(s)
Hepacivirus/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Interféron de type I/pharmacologie , Réplication virale/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Administration par voie orale , Animaux , Technique de Western , Hepacivirus/physiologie , Interféron de type I/administration et posologie , Souris , Phosphorylation , Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel , Transduction du signal , Résonance plasmonique de surface
5.
J Proteomics ; 74(3): 319-26, 2011 Mar 01.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21118733

RÉSUMÉ

We performed here MS-based phosphoproteomics using both metal oxide affinity chromatography (pSTY proteomics) and anti-phosphotyrosine antibody (pY proteomics). The former method identified mainly phospho-serine and -threonine of nuclear or cytoplasmic proteins, whereas the latter did phosphotyrosine including more plasma membrane proteins and kinases. The overlap between these two methods was limited (24 tyrosine phosphorylation sites out of 325) and, by combining the two, coverage of the signaling molecules was enhanced as exemplified by Erk signaling. We also performed whole cell proteomics using an off-gel fractionator, and found 68.9% of the proteins identified by phosphoproteomics. Thus, the expression levels of phosphoproteins were roughly estimated. In addition to many uncharacterized phosphorylation sites, the dataset includes 136 sites that were experimentally verified elsewhere to be phosphorylated by a total of 83 kinases and kinase groups out of the 256 registered in the Phospho.ELM database. With the integration of various proteomic analyses and information from database, the responsible kinases of the identified phosphorylation sites and possibly their activity status were predicted by phosphorylation status and expression levels of their substrates, and thus our method may be able to monitor the activity status of phosphorylation signaling.


Sujet(s)
Protéomique/méthodes , Sites de fixation , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Membrane cellulaire/métabolisme , Bases de données de protéines , Humains , Spectrométrie de masse/méthodes , Métaux/composition chimique , Oxydes/composition chimique , Phosphorylation , Phosphotyrosine/composition chimique , Protéome , Transduction du signal , Trypsine/composition chimique , Tyrosine/composition chimique
6.
Proteomics ; 9(10): 2861-74, 2009 May.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19415658

RÉSUMÉ

Here, we report for the first time a comparative phosphoproteomic analysis of distinct tumor cell lines in the presence or absence of the microtubule-interfering agent nocodazole. In total, 1525 phosphorylation sites assigned to 726 phosphoproteins were identified using LC-MS-based technology following phosphopeptide enrichment. Analysis of the amino acid composition surrounding the identified in vivo phosphorylation sites revealed that they could be classified into two motif groups: pSer-Pro and pSer-Asp/Glu. Phosphoproteomic change resulting from nocodazole treatment varied among cell lines in terms of the numbers of total phosphopeptides identified, motif groups, and functional annotation groups; however, the cell lines were equally sensitive to nocodazole. The identified phosphoproteome subset contained major signaling proteins and proteins known to be involved in mitosis, but did not always exhibit the same changes in the tumor cells from nocodazole treatment. In spite of the complex changes observed in the phosphorylation of many of the proteins, possible common features induced by nocodazole were found, including phosphorylation of nucleophosmin (NPM) S254 and coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha (COPA) S173, suggesting that the events are not cell-type specific but events generally occurring in mitosis or induced by a microtubule-interfering agent. Further, temporal analysis of phosphoproteome change revealed that phosphorylation of NPM S254 and COPA S173 was observed from the early (6 h) and late (24 h) time point after nocodazole treatment, respectively, suggesting that NPM S254 may be involved in the induction of M-phase arrest by nocodazole, whereas COPA S173 may be caused as a result of M-phase arrest.


Sujet(s)
Régulation de l'expression des gènes tumoraux/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Protéines tumorales/analyse , Nocodazole/pharmacologie , Phosphoprotéines/analyse , Séquence d'acides aminés , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Chromatographie en phase liquide , Cellules HCT116 , Cellules HeLa , Humains , Spectrométrie de masse , Mitose , Données de séquences moléculaires , Protéines tumorales/génétique , Protéines tumorales/métabolisme , Phosphoprotéines/métabolisme , Phosphorylation , Structure tertiaire des protéines , Protéomique , Transduction du signal , Facteurs temps
SÉLECTION CITATIONS
DÉTAIL DE RECHERCHE
...